So wote nka sɛ wobrɛ na wo ho yɛ den kɛse da biara da? Nea ɛka yafunu mu yaw ne akisikuru ho no, so ɛtɔ mmere bi a wunya nnuan a nkyene wom ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyɛ nwonwa? Ɛwom sɛ eyinom betumi ayɛ te sɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ daa de, nanso ebia tebea bi a yɛntee ho asɛm pii, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye wɔ eyi akyi. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka tebea a ɛte saa biako ho asɛm, Addison yare.
Dɛn ankasa ne Addison Yare no?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Addison yare no yɛ tebea a enni sabea a ɛba bere a adrenal ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ntumi nyɛ hormone abien a ɛho hia, cortisol ne aldosterone , a ɛdɔɔso no.
Seesei ebia woresusuw nea adrenal ntini no yɛ ho. Eyinom yɛ ntini nketewa abien a ɛyɛ ahinanan a ɛtra yɛn asaabo atifi te sɛ kyɛw. Wɔyɛ yɛn nipadua no endocrine nhyehyɛe no fã titiriw.
- Cortisol: Saa hormone yi ho hia ma yɛn asetra. Fa no sɛ sɛ woyare, wunya akwanhyia, anaa woyɛ wo oprehyɛn a, wo nipadua te adwennwen kɛse nka. Wɔ mmere a ɛtete saa mu no, cortisol hormone no boa nipadua no ma egyina saa adwennwen no ano. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom ɛboa ma wodi mogya mmoroso, koma dwumadi, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa, ne asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu nso so.
- Aldosterone: Saa hormone yi ma sodium (nkyene) ne potassium a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no kari pɛ. Ɛsan nso hwɛ nsu dodow a yɛn asaabo yi fi mu sɛ nsu. Eyi ka yɛn mogya dodow ne yɛn mogya mmoroso tẽẽ.
Wɔsan frɛ Addison yare no sɛ adrenal insufficiency titiriw . Tebea foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛne no wɔ abusuabɔ a wɔfrɛ no adrenal insufficiency a ɛto so abien . Wɔ tebea yi mu no, amemene no mu ntini a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no ntumi nyɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no ACTH a ɛdɔɔso. Saa hormone yi, ACTH, kanyan adrenal ntini no ma ɛyɛ cortisol.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Addison yare ne Cushing yare no ntam?
Mma abien no nnyɛ basaa. Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye.
- Addison Yare: Cortisol (ne aldosterone) a ɛnnɔɔso wɔ nipadua no mu.
- Cushing’s Syndrome: Cortisol a ɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu.
Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?
Ɛwom sɛ Addison yare no betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu de, nanso ɛtaa ba bere a wɔadi mfe 30 kosi 50.Wɔ nnipa mu. Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa.
Afei nso, nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya bi. Yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ne bere a yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden so no. Nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa a edidi so yi wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya Addison yare no:
- Asikreyare a ɛyɛ Type I
- Mogya a ɛtɔ mogya a ɛsɛe ade
- Graves yare no
- Thyroiditis a enni sabea
- Honam ani yare a ɛma obi ho yɛ hyew
- Vitiligo a ɛma obi nya ɔyare mmoawa
- Myasthenia gravis a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
Dɛn ne Addison yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
Wɔ saa yare yi mu no, mpɛn pii no, adrenal glands no sɛe nkakrankakra, bere kɔ so no. Enti, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi nkakrankakra. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so a wɔtaa te nka | Eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba na ɛkɔ soro nkakrankakra. |
| Nsonsonoe tuntum a ɛwɔ honam ani (Hyperpigmentation) . | Wora a ɛyɛ tuntum, titiriw wɔ akuru, akuru, honam ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (nsateaa, nkotodwe), ne anom. |
| Yafunu mu yaw, akisikuru, ne ɔfe | Nnuan a wɔyam no mu haw ahorow. |
| Bloating (akisikuru) . | Yafunu a ɛtaa yɛ mmerɛw a ɛma obi dwensɔtwaa. |
| Aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera na ne mu duru so tew | Mu duru a ɛso tew ne aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim. |
| Ntini ne nkwaa mu yaw | Tebea horow te sɛ nipadua mu yaw ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. |
| Mogya Nhyɛso a Ɛba Fam | Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw na wo totɔ piti bere a ogyina hɔ no. |
| Nkyene ho akɔnnɔ a ɛboro so | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnam nkyene dodow a ɛso tew wɔ nipadua no mu so ba. |
| Asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu a ɛba fam (Hypoglycemia) . | Nsɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ nipadua mu yaw ne fifiri betumi aba. |
| Adwene mu nsakrae | Abufuw a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, adwenemhaw, ne ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔde wɔn adwene besi biribi so. |
Sɛ mmea wɔ saa yare yi a, wobetumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa, nipadua mu nhwi a ɛtɔ, ne nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew nso.
Ntɛmpɛ: Dɛn ne Addisonian Ɔhaw?
Ɛtɔ da bi a, titiriw wɔ mmere a adwennwen kɛse wɔ nipadua no so (sɛ nhwɛso no, yare a emu yɛ den, akwanhyia) no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no betumi asɛe mpofirim na ɛde nkwa ato asiane mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi Addisonian crisis , anaasɛ adrenal huammɔdi a emu yɛ den .
Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ahodwiriw ne owu mpo betumi aba.
Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi a, fa no kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.
| Addisonfo ɔhaw ho kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne | |
|---|---|
| 1. 1. Nnipa a wɔte saa. | Ɔbrɛ ne mmerɛwyɛ a ɛtra so mpofirim. |
| 2. 2. . | Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den mpofirim wɔ yafunu ase, akyi, anaa nan ase. |
| 3. 3. . | Ɔfe ne dwensɔtwaa a emu yɛ den, na ɛde nsu a ɛho tew ba. |
| 4. 4. . | Mogya mmoroso a ɛkɔ fam dodo. |
| 5. 5. . | Adwene mu basaayɛ, ahomegye, anaa ehu a wɔte nka. |
| 6. 6. . | Nhumu a wɔhwere. |
Dɛn na ɛde Addison yare no ba?
Nea ɛde Addison yare no ba titiriw ne sɛnea nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa . Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yɛn nipadua no ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe (nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa) di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa ntini a ɛte apɔw so. Wɔ saa yare yi mu no, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ adrenal glands (adrenal cortex) no akyi. Ɛha na wɔyɛ cortisol ne aldosterone. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no nna adi kosi sɛ saa ɔsɛe yi bɛyɛ 90% bɛba. Eyi betumi agye asram pii, anaa mfe pii mpo. Eyi na ɛde Addison ayarefo 75% ba.
Bere bi a atwam no, na nsamanwaw yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde eyi ba, na ɛda so ara yɛ ade titiriw wɔ aman a afei na wɔrenya nkɔso mu.
Ntease afoforo nso wɔ hɔ a ɛntaa nsi:
- Nyarewa te sɛ HIV/AIDS ne fungal yareɛ.
- Kokoram nkwammoaa a ɛtrɛw fi mmeae afoforo kɔ adrenal ntini ahorow no mu.
- Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ adrenal glands (mogya a ɛtɔ).
- Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi adrenal ntini no fi hɔ.
- Nyarewa te sɛ amyloidosis.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu yare yi?
Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi nkakrankakra na ɛtaa ba nyarewa afoforo pii mu nti, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo bi adwenem yɛ no naa bere a mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa kyerɛ sɛ sodium sua anaa potassium dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu no. Nsonsonoe tuntum a ɛwɔ honam ani no yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw foforo a ɛma obi susuw sɛ eyi te saa.
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo gyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so susuw sɛ wowɔ Addison yare no a, wɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii bio de si so dua sɛ woahu.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom susuw sodium, potassium, cortisol, ne ACTH hormone dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.
- ACTH stimulation test: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode ACTH hormone a wɔayɛ no bɛhyɛ wo mu na woahwɛ sɛ ebia wo adrenal glands no ma cortisol yɛ ho mmuae anaa. Ebia cortisol dodow a ɛba fam no bɛkyerɛ sɛ ntini ahorow no nyɛ adwuma yiye.
- Insulin-induced hypoglycemia test: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wo haw no ne pituitary gland no wɔ abusuabɔ anaa.
- CT scan: Eyi betumi ahwɛ sɛ adrenal glands no asɛe anaasɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?
Wɔnam nnuru a wɔayɛ a wɔde besi nipadua no mu nkwaadɔm a ayera ananmu no so sa Addison yare no.
- Wɔde aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no hydrocortisone ma sen sɛ wɔde cortisol bɛma.
- Wɔde aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no fludrocortisone si aldosterone ananmu .
Addison yare no yɛ tebea a enni sabea, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wonom nnuru yi wo nkwa nna nyinaa .
Ɛsono aduru yi dodow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ onipa biara mu. Afei nso, wo duruyɛfo betumi ama aduru no dodow akɔ soro de asiw Addisonian haw ano sɛ wuhyia adwennwen, te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa, akwanhyia, anaa oprehyɛn a.
Sɛ wowɔ Addison yare a, wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ wo ho?
Sɛ wowɔ saa yare yi a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohwɛ wo ho.
- Hyɛ ID krataa anaa aduruyɛ ho kɔkɔbɔ abɔso bere nyinaa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a nnuruyɛfo betumi ahu wo tebea no ho asɛm sɛ biribi si ntɛm a.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ bere a woyare anaasɛ wowɔ adwennwen kɛse mu ho, efisɛ ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ nnuru dodow a wode di dwuma mu wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu.
- Wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ hoBisa wo duruyɛfo no sɛnea wobɛma cortisol aduru a wode bɛhyɛ wo nsam na woakyerɛkyerɛ abusua muni bi sɛnea wɔde bɛma wo no ho asɛm.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Sɛ wowɔ Addison yare no a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo (a mpɛn pii no ɔyɛ endocrinologist) nkyɛn daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wo nnuru dodow no fata wo.
Sɛ wuhyia adwennwen kɛse bi, te sɛ akwanhyia, yare, anaa wo dɔfo bi wu a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo efisɛ ebia ebehia sɛ wosakra wo nnuru dodow.
Sɛ Addisonian ahokyere ho sɛnkyerɛnne (te sɛ mmerɛwyɛ kɛse mpofirim, ɛyaw a emu yɛ den) ba a, kɔ ayaresabea hɔ Dwumadibea a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ ayaresa.
Sɛ wunim sɛ wowɔ yare a enni sabea a, ebetumi ahaw wo wɔ nkate fam. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ wobetumi de nnuru adi Addison yare no ho dwuma yiye. Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa, wonom nnuru dodow a ɛfata, na wohwɛ wo ho yiye a, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom na ɛfata.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Addison yare no yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi, a enni sabea a adrenal glands no ntumi nyɛ hormone cortisol ne aldosterone a ɛdɔɔso.
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw no bi ne ɔbrɛ a ɛkɔ soro, honam ani nsensanee tuntum (titiriw baabi a honam ani no bobɔw), ne nnuan a nkyene wom ho akɔnnɔ a ɛboro so.
- Addisonian ahokyere yɛ aduruyɛ mu ntɛmpɛ a ebetumi de wo nkwa ato asiane mu, na sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea dwumadibea a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nkwa nna nyinaa sa hormone a wɔde besi ananmu.
- Sɛ wudi aduruyɛ mu afotu a ɛfata akyi na wonom wo nnuru sɛnea wɔakyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom koraa na woayɛ nea ɛfata.
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