So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wo ho yɛ wo yaw wɔ wo nipadua nyinaa so a ntease biara nnim? Anaasɛ wofefe bere nyinaa? So wowɔ hwene a ɛretu ? So w’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ wo yaw? Ebia wo nso woanya eyinom mu biako. Mpɛn pii no, yɛfrɛ eyi " allergy ." Dɛn ankasa ne allergy? Dɛn nti na ɛto nnipa binom? Momma yɛmfa nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den nkɔ eyi ase.
Dɛn nti na yɛn ho yɛ yɛn yaw?
Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, ɛsɛ sɛ yedi kan te ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa a yɛn nipadua wɔ no ase. Ɛno ne yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa . Te sɛ asraafo dɔm a wɔbɔ ɔman bi ho ban no, nhyehyɛe yi bɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban fi nyarewa ho, titiriw fi abɔnten atamfo te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa ho.
Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛn nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nkɔ yiye. Wodi mfomso bu nneɛma a asiane biara nni ho, a wɔtaa de di dwuma mpo sɛ ahunahuna kɛse na wofi ase tow hyɛ wɔn so. Susuw pollen, mfutuma, nnuan bi (te sɛ shrimp ne shellfish), ne mmoa dander ho hwɛ. Ɛyɛ bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade boro so wɔ biribi a ɛnyɛ nea epira ankasa ho no na yɛfrɛ no allergy .
Yɛfrɛ ade bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw wɔ saa kwan yi so no sɛ ade a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw .
Enti, sɛ biribi a wo ho yɛ wo hyew (allergen) hyɛn wo nipadua mu a, wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ protein soronko a wɔfrɛ no ‘antibodies’. Saa antibodies yi kɔ na ɛma yɛn nipadua nkwammoaa no 'signal' a ɛka sɛ, "Gyae saa ade no!" Afei saa nkwammoaa no yi nnuru te sɛ histamine . Saa histamine no na ɛde akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne pii te sɛ ɛyaw, akisikuru, hwene a ɛtwetwe, ne aniwa kɔkɔɔ ba.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛtaa ma nnipa pii nya akisikuru?
Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ nea enti a nnipa binom nya akisikuru ankasa de, nanso wɔahu sɛ abusua abakɔsɛm (awosu mu nneɛma) di dwuma titiriw wɔ eyi mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wo maame anaa wo papa wɔ allergy a, ɛda adi sɛ wo nso wubenya bi.
Wɔabobɔ nneɛma bi a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi ama nnipa pii anya akisikuru wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.
| Allergen Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ | Nhwɛso ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow |
|---|---|
| Aduan ahorow a wɔde di dwuma | Titiriw nnuaba te sɛ atoko ne akutu, ɛpo mu nnuan te sɛ mpataa, mpataa, ne squid, nkesua, nufusu, awi, ne soya. |
| Pollen a efi nnua ne nhwiren mu | Etumi sensɛn mframa mu na ɛhyɛn hwene ne aniwa mu. |
| Mfutuma a ɛyɛ nwansena | Abɔde nketewa a aniwa nhu a wɔte nneɛma te sɛ mpa, pillow, mattress, ne curtains mu. |
| Mmoa nhoma ne wɔn were | Afieboa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa aboa nhoma, nnompe, ne honam ani nkwammoaa a awuwu. |
| Hyehyɛ | Nkuku a enyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini te sɛ afasu ne aguaree. |
| Nkoekoemmoa a wɔka wɔn | Nwansena a efi mmoa te sɛ ntɛtea ne ntɛtea mu. |
| Nnuru ahorow a wɔde di dwuma | Nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ne nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw te sɛ penicillin. |
| Latex a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Rɔba bi a wohu wɔ nsateaa ne nnuruyɛ nnwinnade bi mu. |
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi ho yɛ no yaw no betumi afi ahometew ketewaa bi so akosi tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu so, a egyina sɛnea wo nipadua no yɛ n’ade ne dodow a ɛhyɛ wo nipadua mu no so.
Hay Fever / Allergic Rhinitis a Ɛyɛ Fɛ
Eyi ne tebea a ɛtaa ba a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew sen biara.
- Fefe a ɛkɔ so
- Anom a ɛyɛ mmerɛwAnaasɛ hwene a ɛretu
- Aniwa, hwene, anaa anom atifi a ɛyɛ wo yaw
- Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛho ahon, na ɛtetew. (Wɔsan frɛ eyi Allergic Conjunctivitis ) .
Aduan a Ɛyɛ Fɛ
- Ano mu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
- Anofafa, tɛkrɛma, menewa, anaa anim a ɛho ahonhon
- Honam ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (Hives) .
- Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome na tebea a emu yɛ den sen biara, anaphylaxis, betumi aba.
Eczema (Akisikuru / Atopic Dermatitis) .
Eyi yɛ honam ani yare. Eczema nyɛ ade a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw. Nanso, eczema betumi asɛe kɛse bere a biribi a wo ho nyɛ wo den hyɛn wo nipadua mu no. Nea ɛda nsow ne sɛ honam ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ no yaw, na ɛho tew.
Nkoekoemmoa Nsõ
Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ aboa bi te sɛ ntɛtea ho a, .
- Ɔhonhon kɛse a atwa baabi a wɔatow no ho ahyia (wɔfrɛ eyi edema ) .
- Ɛyɛ akisikuru anaasɛ ɛyɛ akisikuru wɔ nipadua no nyinaa so
- Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, wote nka sɛ wo moma so ayɛ wo yaw
Anaphylaxis: Tebea a emu yɛ den sen biara a ebetumi de obi nkwa ato asiane mu
Bere a nnipa dodow no ara nya sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den bere a wɔanya akisikuru no, nnipa binom betumi anya adeyɛ a emu yɛ den yiye, a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu mpo a wɔfrɛ no anaphylaxis .
Anaphylaxis yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ. Ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyi.
Saa tebea yi betumi aba mpofirim koraa. Ebetumi afi ase denam akisikuru ketewaa bi so na wɔ simma kakraa bi mu no, ebetumi akɔ so ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ den, menewa a ɛyɛ den, nipadua no nyinaa a ɛho ahonhon, akisikuru, akisikuru, ne akisikuru. Ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a koma no bɔ tumi gyae.
Saa tebea yi taa ba esiane aduan, nnuru bi, ne nkoekoemmoa a wɔka wɔn nti.
Sɛ woanya akisikuru a emu yɛ den bere bi a atwam a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ fa epinephrine auto-injector (e.g., EpiPen) ka wo ho bere nyinaa. Eyi yɛ aduru a egye nkwa a wubetumi de ahyɛ wo ho wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.
Sɛ wo anaa obi foforo reda anaphylaxis ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ?
1. Sɛ wowɔ Epinephrine auto-injector a ɛbɛn wo a, fa di dwuma ntɛm ara.
2. Afei , a ɛnkyɛ, kɔ ayaresabea Emergency Department (ETU) a ɛbɛn wo no ntɛm ara anaa frɛ 1990 na frɛ ambulance. Sɛ wɔma wo epinephrine injection mpo a, ɛyɛ ahyɛde sɛ wode wo bɛkɔ ayaresabea efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nea ɛto so abien betumi aba wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi akyi.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi anya ahotɔ afi akisikuru mu?
Ade a edi kan na eye sen biara ne sɛ wubehu nneɛma a ɛkanyan wo na woakwati sɛnea wubetumi biara.
Wɔ akisikuru a emu nyɛ den kosi nea ɛkɔ fam ho no, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw wo nnuru a ekum akisikuru , nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu, anaa nnuru a wɔde home sɛ wowɔ ayamtu a ɛnam akisikuru so a.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, nnom nnuru biara a wonkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Oduruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi de ayaresa a ɛfata sen biara ama wo tebea no.
Sɛ allergen a wɔkwati ne nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no mmoa a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no immunotherapy (allergy shots) akyerɛ wo. Eyi yɛ bere tiaa mu ayaresa, nanso ebetumi ama obi anya ahotɔ bere tenten.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Allergy yɛ adeyɛ a yɛmpɛ a ɛba yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe (immune system) mu.
- Hu nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew na bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkwati sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Wobetumi de nnuru adi tebea horow pii a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew so. Bere nyinaa kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ ayaresa.
- Anaphylaxis yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a emu yɛ den yiye. Hu ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow (ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, w’anim ho ahonhon, wo totɔ piti).
- Sɛ adeyɛ a emu yɛ den saa ba a, kɔ ayaresabea Emergency Department (ETU) a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara. Bere yɛ ade titiriw.
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