Yɛn nyinaa home da biara da. Nanso yennim nneɛma dodow a ɛwɔ mframa a yɛhome no mu a yentumi nhu. So wunim sɛ nkuku bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no `Aspergillus`, a ne nkwaboaa no rehuruhuruw wɔ mframa yi mu baabiara? Mpɛn pii no, eyi mfa ɔhaw biara mma obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden, efisɛ yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe no mma ɛnkɔ mu. Nanso wɔ nnipa binom fam, titiriw wɔn a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa anaa wɔn a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw no, eyi betumi ayɛ ɔhaw kɛse. Ɛno ne tebea a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ, a wɔfrɛ no `Aspergillosis`.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Aspergillosis?
`Aspergillosis` yɛ ɔyareɛ a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛnam nsunsuo bi a wɔfrɛ no `Aspergillus` so na ɛba. Eyi yɛ fungal yare mmoawa. Wɔtaa hu saa nsunsu yi wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu, titiriw wɔ mmeae te sɛ dɔte, nhaban a ayow, ne compost a wɔaboaboa ano. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa nsunsu yi tumi nyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini wɔ afie mu, wɔ mframa a wɔde yɛ adwuma (AC) a wɔansiesie no yiye mpo mu.
Sɛ yɛhome a, saa nsunsu yi mu mmoawa no fa yɛn hwene mu kɔ yɛn ahurututu mu. Obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu saa ntuafo yi na ɛsɛe wɔn. Nanso nnipa binom nipadua ntumi nyɛ eyi. Eyi ne bere a tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `Aspergillosis` ba. Eyi ahorow atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ. Wɔn mu binom te sɛ nea akisikuru, bere a afoforo nso wɔ ahurututu mu nkutoo. Nanso nea ɛyɛ hu sen biara ne `Aspergillosis` a ɛba nipadua no mu, a ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa.
Nnipa pii susuw sɛ ebia eyi yɛ "nkuku tuntum" anaa. Dabi, ɛyɛ nkuku soronko bi (Stachybotrys chartarum). Nanso abien no nyinaa yɛ nsunsu ahorow a wohu wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu na ebetumi ama nnipa binom yare.
Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya saa yare yi? Henanom na wɔwɔ asiane mu?
Ɛnyɛ obiara na onya Aspergillosis. Asiane akuw bi wɔ hɔ ma no. Ɛne sɛ, nnipa a sɛ wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ saa nsunsu yi mu a, ɛda adi sɛ wɔbɛyare. Sɛ woka akuw yi mu biako ho a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohwɛ yiye titiriw wɔ eyi ho.
| Asiane kuw | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Nnipa a wɔwɔ ayamtu anaa nneɛma afoforo a wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew | Wɔn ahurututu ne wɔn mframa kwan no fi awosu mu yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ Aspergillus mmoawa hyɛn mu a, nipadua no yɛ n’ade boro so. Eyi betumi ama obi anya tebea bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew a wɔfrɛ no Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) . |
| Nnipa a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea | Nnipa a wɔadi kan anya nsamanwaw (TB) na wɔn ahurututu mu atutu, anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ nyarewa te sɛ COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), anaa Sarcoidosis, asɛe mmeae bi wɔ wɔn ahurututu mu. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ aspergillus nsunsu betumi akɔtra saa abura yi mu na ayɛ fungus bɔɔl. Wɔfrɛ eyi Aspergilloma . |
| Nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw koraa | Eyi ne kuw a wɔn ho yɛ hu na wɔwɔ asiane mu sen biara. Esiane sɛ nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe (asraafo no) yɛ mmerɛw nti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ nsunsu no betumi akɔ nipadua no mu, akɔ mogya no mu afi ahurututu mu, na atrɛw akɔ akwaa afoforo te sɛ amemene, asaabo, ne koma mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ Invasive Aspergillosis . Eyi ho nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:
|
Dɛn ne yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
Aspergillosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne gu ahorow gyina ɔyare no ko ne nipadua no fã a ɛka no so. Mpɛn pii no, ɛte sɛ ɔhome mu yare a ɛtaa ba ho sɛnkyerɛnne, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu wɔn.
| Aspergillosis a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no su | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw (ABPA) . |
|
| Nkuku (Aspergilloma) . | |
| Aspergillosis a ɛba nipadua mu |
So eyi yɛ yare a wɔde kɔ nnipa mu?
Dabi `Aspergillosis` nyɛ yareɛ a ɛbɛtumi afiri onipa baako mu akɔ foforɔ mu. Ɛnam sɛ wɔhome nsunsu mu mmoawa a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu nti. Enti, wuntumi nnya saa yare yi denam obi a ɔbɛn ɔyarefo bi kɛkɛ so.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hu yare yi?
Wo duruyɛfo begyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm so asusuw eyi ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, so wowɔ ayamtu anaasɛ woreyɛ kokoram ayaresa?). Wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de akyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no.
- Chest X-ray anaa CT scan: Eyi betumi ahwehwɛ agyiraehyɛde a ɛnteɛ, abura, anaasɛ akuru bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Aspergilloma'' wɔ ahurututu no mu.
- Sputum Culture: Wɔfa wo sputum no nhwɛsode bi na wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ lab mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nsunsu Aspergillus nyin wɔ mu anaa. Wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete nso hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nhama nketenkete bi wɔ ahurututu no mu anaa.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ wosusuw sɛ mogya no mu bi wɔ hɔ a, wɔsɔ mogya no mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nipadua no mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa anaa antigens a ɛfa Aspergillus nsunsu no ho pɔtee bi anaa. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu yare no ntɛm.
- Biopsy: Woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi ahurututu mu anaa fi baabi a wosusuw sɛ ɔyare no wɔ hɔ na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia akisikuru bi ahyɛ mu anaa.
- Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ wɔ Allergy ho: Wo honam ani nhwehwɛmu anaa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu sɛ wo nipadua no ho yɛ no hyew wɔ Aspergillus ho anaa.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no? So wobetumi asa eyi?
Aspergillosis ayaresa gyina yare ko a wowɔ, sɛnea emu yɛ den, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa so.
1. Nnuru a Wɔde Ko Tia Fungal
Eyi ne ayaresa titiriw. Saa nnuru yi yɛ adwuma denam ntontom a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu a ɛsɛe no so. Nnuru te sɛ `Voriconazole`, `Isavuconazole`, `Amphotericin B` na wɔtaa de di dwuma ma eyi. Wɔde eyinom bi ma sɛ nnuru a wɔde bɛnom, na wɔde bi ma sɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw ntini bi mu a nkyene wom. Bere a wɔde sa yare no betumi afi adapɛn kakraa bi akosi asram pii, anaasɛ nkwa nna nyinaa mpo.
2. Nnuru a wɔde yɛ steroid (Corticosteroids) .
Wɔde eyinom sa akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew (ABPA) . Sɛ́ anka nnuru yi bekum nsunsu no, ɛhwɛ ɔfe a ɛboro so ne akisikuru a nsunsu a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu de ba no so. Wɔde nnuru te sɛ `Prednisolone` ma ma eyi.
3. Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ
Sɛ akisikuru (`Aspergilloma`) biako pɛ wɔ ahurututu no mu na ɛde nsɛnnennen te sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ so retu aba a, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi ahurututu a akuru no wom no nyinaa. Eyi betumi asa yare no koraa.
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛnom aduru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ bere a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no mu. Sɛ wugyae aduru no nom fã a, ebia yare no bɛsan aba.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ wo ho ban afi yare yi ho?
Aspergillus nkuku wɔ baabiara wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu, enti ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobɛkwati 100% wɔ bere no mu. Nanso sɛ wowɔ kuw bi a asiane kɛse wom mu a, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de atew wo ho so:
- Kwati mmeae a mfutuma wɔ: Kwati mmeae a wosisi adan, mmeae a wobubu adan dedaw, ne akwan a mfutuma wɔ so sɛnea wubetumi biara.
- Hwɛ yiye wɔ turoyɛ ho: Dwumadi ahorow te sɛ dɔte a wotutu, compost a wobɛboaboa ano, ne sare a wotwitwa betumi ama nsunsu a ɛyɛ nwansena akɔ mframa mu. Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma ahorow yi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhyɛ N95 akataso a ɛyɛ papa .
- Siw nsu a ɛyɛ nwini so wɔ wo fie: Sɛ mmeae bi wɔ wo fie mu a ɛyɛ nwini anaa mmeae a nsunsu fifi wɔ afasu no so a, siesie ntɛm ara. Hwɛ sɛ mframa pa bɛkɔ mmeae te sɛ aguaree ne adididan.
- Ma mframa a wɔde yɛ adwuma (AC) ne mframa a wɔde yi mframa mu ho ntew: Saa mfiri yi taa ma nsunsu nyin, enti tew ho daa sɛnea nea ɔyɛe no kyerɛ no.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn? Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ ETU?
Sɛ woka asiane akuw a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no mu biako ho na wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛfa ahurututu ho (ɔfe, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, atiridiinini) a, .Kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
Sɛ wowɔ kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne a edidi so yi mu biara a , kɔ ayaresabea Emergency Department (ETU) a ɛbɛn wo no nkyɛn a ntwentwɛn wo nan ase.
- Atiridiinini a ano yɛ den yiye (bɛboro Fahrenheit 103/Celsius 40) .
- Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa a emu yɛ den
- Mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse bere a ɔrefefe no
- Nneɛma a ɛma obi yɛ basaa, adwene a ɛyɛ basaa , anaa suban mu nsakrae
- Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho kyere no
- Anofafa anaa honam ani kɔla a ɛsakra bruu (eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ oxygen nni mogya no mu - `Cyanosis`)
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- `Aspergillus` yɛ nkukuo bi a ɛtaa ba yɛn mpɔtam. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnpira nnipa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden.
- Asiane no yɛ kɛse ma wɔn a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa dedaw (ayamtu, COPD) ne wɔn a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw (wɔn a wɔwɔ kokoram, wɔn a wɔde akwaa foforo ma wɔn).
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ te sɛ ɔhome mu yare a ɛtaa ba no, enti sɛ wowɔ kuw bi a asiane wom mu a, hu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no.
- Saa yare yi nnya mfi onipa biako mu nkɔ foforo mu.
- Ayaresa ahorow a etu mpɔn wɔ hɔ. Sɛ wohu yare no ntɛm na wɔsa no yiye sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no so na wɔasa.
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