Momma yensua Cervical Cancer Screening ho ade pɛpɛɛpɛ? W’akwahosan nti!

Hɛlo! Wo ho te sɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka asɛmti bi a ɛho hia paa ma mmaa bebree ho asɛm. Ɛne sɛ, nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔyɛ de hu awotwaa mu kokoram ntɛm, kyerɛ sɛ, awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu . Ebia woate eyi ho asɛm, anaasɛ wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ eyi. Sɛ wote saa din yi a, ɛyɛ hu kakra ankasa, ɛnte saa? Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi nyɛ kɛse na ɛyɛ den sɛnea wususuw no. Momma yɛnka biribiara ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den na emu da hɔ so.

Dɛn ne Awotwaa mu Kokoram Ho Nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛhwɛ wo awotwaa , awotwaa no fã a ɛwɔ fam no mu sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa anaa nsakrae a ɛba ansa na kokoram aba a ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram ansa na woanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara anaa. Fa no sɛ wokyere ɔkorɔmfo ansa na wabu wo fie. Sɛ wohu yare no ntɛm a, ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse na etu mpɔn sɛ wɔbɛsa.

Mprempren akwan titiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wo duruyɛfo betumi afa so ayɛ eyi:

• HPV nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwehwɛ Human Papillomavirus (HPV) , a ɛno ne ade titiriw a ɛde awotwaa mu kokoram ba no ahorow a asiane kɛse wom no mu. HPV yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a wonya fi nna mu. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae sɛ ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ HPV no na obenya kokoram.
• Pap test (Pap smear): Eyi yɛ din a nnipa pii ate ho asɛm. Eyi hwɛ wo awotwaa mu nkwammoaa mu sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ a ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram anaa. Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a etu mpɔn yiye a wɔde adi dwuma mfe pii.
• HPV/Pap cotest: Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, eyi hwehwɛ sɛ HPV ne nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ wɔ nhwɛsode koro mu bere koro mu anaa.

Enti wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nneɛma te sɛ mfe a woadi ne w’akwahosan ho de ahu ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ nhwehwɛmu a eye ma wo.

Dɛn nti na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia saa? Henanom na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma wɔyɛ wɔn?

Mfaso titiriw a ɛwɔ awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu so ne sɛ ebetumi asiw awotwaa mu kokoram ano . Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na ɛno atumi aba? Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ahu nsakrae a ɛba nkwammoaa mu ansa na kokoram aba ansa na wɔabɛyɛ kokoram. Saa bere no, wobetumi de ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den adi dwuma de ayi saa nkwammoaa no afi hɔ na wɔasiw wɔn kwan sɛ ankɔyɛ kokoram. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobetumi agyae yare no ansa na ayɛ kɛse mpo!

Susuw ho hwɛ, eyi te sɛ nea wohu yare bi bere a ɛda so yɛ afifide kumaa na wohwɛ so, sen sɛ wobɛsa no yare bere a wanyin ayɛ kɛse, atrɛw ne nkorabata mu, na wanya yare bi akyi. Nea afi mu aba no ye sen saa koraa.

Wɔtaa toa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi so ma mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 21 kosi 65 nyinaa.Ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ saa nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ mpo woanya HPV vaccine no a. Efisɛ bere a aduru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban fi HPV ahorow pii a ɛde kokoram ba ho no, ɛmmɔ ho ban mfi ahorow nyinaa ho.

Sɛ wowɔ mfe a woadi yi ntam na wonyɛɛ sɔhwɛ yi da a, ɛnka akyi dodo da sɛ wubefi ase . Sɛ wotwentwɛn wo nan ase kakra anaasɛ wo ho yeraw wo sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn mpo a, mfaso a ɛwɔ so sɛ wode saa asɛm no bɛto nkyɛn na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi so no yɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse. Ebetumi agye wo nkwa mpo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ saa awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi?

Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye ankasa. Wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyarehwɛfo a wɔatete no begye nkwammoaa bi afi wo awotwaa mu . Wɔde adwinnade a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye a ɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ brɔs bedi dwuma. Eyi renyɛ yaw kɛse. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ kakra, nanso ɛbɛkyɛ sikɔne kakraa bi pɛ.

Afei wɔde nhwɛsode no kɔ adwumayɛbea bi ma wɔsɔ hwɛ. Ɛha na wɔhwehwɛ sɛ HPV mmoawa no wɔ hɔ (HPV sɔhwɛ), nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (Pap nhwehwɛmu), anaa n’abien nyinaa (HPV/Pap cotest).

Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde (WHO) de akwankyerɛ ahorow asi hɔ a wɔde bɛhwehwɛ mfe a wɔadi yi mu. Nanso, sɛ asiane kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya awotwaa mu kokoram, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wo nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa , anaasɛ woanya biribi a ɛnteɛ afi nhwehwɛmu bi a woadi kan ayɛ mu a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ wo sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii.

Sɛ woadi mfe 21 kosi 29 a

Sɛ wowɔ saa mfe yi mu a, mpɛn pii no wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ Pap nhwehwɛmu mfe abiɛsa biara , sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata a.

Dɛn nti na yenfi ase nhwehwɛ mu ansa na yɛadi mfe 21, sɛ mpo yɛwɔ nna mu kyɛfa (na enti yɛwɔ asiane mu sɛ yebenya HPV) a? Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ bere a HPV yare no ba mmerante ne mmabaa a wɔadi mfe yi mu ampa no, wɔn mu dodow no ara ankasa fi hɔ . Afei nso, ɛnyɛ kokoram a edi kan wɔ awotwaa mu nkwammoaa mu nyinaa na ɛkɔ kokoram. Wɔn a wɔyɛ saa mpo no, ɛtaa gye mfe pii ansa na wɔanyin.

Nokwarem no, esiane kokoram ahorow yi a ɛba fam ne HPV aduru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban no nkonimdi nti, Amerika Kokoram Fekuw, kokoram ahyehyɛde a edi kan wɔ United States no de wɔn nyansahyɛ ahorow no yɛɛ foforo nnansa yi. Wɔka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ HPV nhwehwɛmu mfe anum biara, fi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 25.

Nanso, wo mmea ho oduruyɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo titiriw no bɛyɛ nea ɔbɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe a ɛfata sen biara ne nhwehwɛmu ko a wɔbɛyɛ ama w’akwahosan tebea no akyerɛ, enti ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wɔn bɛkasa afa eyi ho.

Sɛ woadi mfe 30 kosi 65 a

Sɛ wowɔ saa mfe yi mu a, wowɔ akwan pii a wubetumi afa so. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo eyinom mu biako akyerɛ wo:

• Pap test: Mfe abiɛsa biara sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata a.
• HPV nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ papa a, mfe anum biara.
• HPV/Pap combined test (HPV/Pap cotest): Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata a, mfe anum biara.

Akwan abiɛsa no nyinaa ye paa. Ade a ɛho hia ne sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata wo so, bere ne bere mu .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosiesie wo ho ma awotwaa mu kokoram nhwehwɛmu?

Eyi nhia ahosiesie pii. Nanso nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa wo ma woanya nea efi mu ba a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara. Wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo wɔ eyi ho. Mpɛn pii no, ɛka sɛ:

• Mma nna abien ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
• Afei nso, mfa biribiara nhyɛ ɔbea no awotwaa mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, tampon, awotwaa mu aduru, srade, ne nea ɛkeka ho) nna abien ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
• Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no ho nhyehyɛe da koro a wo nna no aba awiei .

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, oduruyɛfo no betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu no bere mpo a worekɔ nna mu no. Enti ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo no ho asɛm na woanya afotu. Enti, ansa na wobɛhyehyɛ da a wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ oduruyɛfo no, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wode nneɛma nketenkete yi tra w’adwenem, ɛnte saa?

So asiane bi wɔ eyi mu?

Nokwarem no asiane ankasa biara nni hɔ . Ebia mogya bɛtɔ wo kakra bere a oduruyɛfo no agye nkwammoaa bi afi w’awotwaa mu akyi. Nanso ɛnkyɛ na ɛno ara begyae. Pap nhwehwɛmu ne HPV sɔhwɛ nyinaa yɛ akwan a ɛho hia yiye na ahobammɔ wom wɔ awotwaa mu kokoram a wɔko tia mu. Enti mma nsuro.

Nea afi mu aba no te dɛn? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ yɛn?

Ebetumi agye adapɛn abiɛsa ansa na sɔhwɛ no aba. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔka bere a wɔba mu no:

• Normal/negative: Eyi ne asɛm a eye sen biara! Lab no antumi anhu biribiara a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ wo nkwammoaa mu. Sɛ woyɛɛ HPV nhwehwɛmu a, nea efi mu ba a ɛfata kyerɛ sɛ wunni mmoawa no wɔ wo nipadua mu (ɛnyɛ bɔne mma mmoawa no).
• Abnormal/positive: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ lab no huu nkwammoaa bi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so. Nea efi mu ba a ɛnteɛ wɔ HPV nhwehwɛmu mu kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ mmoawa no wɔ wo nipadua mu (ɛyɛ papa sɛ wowɔ mmoawa no). Nanso sɛ wunya nea efi mu ba yi sɛ wowɔ kokoram a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Mpɛn pii no, tebea horow a ɛnyɛ kokoram betumi de saa nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ yi aba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebetumi afi ɔyare mmoawa anaa abufuw bi mu aba.
• Ɛnyɛ nea emu da hɔ/ɛnyɛ nea abotɔyam wom:Eyi kyerɛ sɛ lab no ntumi nhu no yiye sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a efi Pap nhwehwɛmu no mu no yɛ nea ɛfata anaasɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata. Eyi betumi aba esiane sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛdɔɔso nni nhwɛsode no mu nti. Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛda adi sɛ ebehia sɛ woyɛ Pap nhwehwɛmu foforo na ama woanya nea emu da hɔ.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na woyɛ akyi?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ wunya nea ɛnteɛ a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ awotwaa mu kokoram . Enti mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu a ɛho nhia. Nanso, ebehia sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ kakraa bi bio na ama woahu nea tebea no te ankasa. Wɔne:

• Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ sɛ ebia kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ntini a ɛho ahonhon anaa. Sɛ woannyɛ pelvic nhwehwɛmu bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, ebia wɔbɛyɛ ɛno nso saa bere yi.
• Colposcopy: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de kanea ne afiri titiriw bi a ɛma hann yɛ kɛse (colposcope) di dwuma de hwɛ wo awotwaa no mmeae a nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ no yiye. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu mmeae pɔtee a ɛhaw adwene.
• Biopsy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wogye ntini ketewaa bi fi baabi a wosusuw sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata na wɔsɔ hwɛ sɛ ebia ɛyɛ kokoram anaa. Wɔtaa fa biopsy nhwɛsode yi bere koro no ara a wɔfa colposcopy no.

Nea efi biopsy mu ba no nkutoo ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so hu no yiye sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ no yɛ awotwaa mu kokoram ankasa, tebea bi a edi kokoram anim, anaa biribi foforo a ɛne kokoram nni abusuabɔ.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo no ho asɛm?

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa awotwaa mu kokoram nhwehwɛmu ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Nsɛmmisa bi a wubetumi abisa ni:

• Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ me sɛ menya awotwaa mu kokoram?
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ me?
• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi?
• Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ma eyi?
• Dɛn na nea efii me sɔhwɛ mu bae no ka?

Bisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom na yi w’adwenem naayɛ nyinaa fi hɔ.

Kae sɛ, akwan a wɔfa so siw ano te sɛ awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ne HPV a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban no ama awotwaa mu kokoram a wonya ne wɔn a wowuwu no so atew wɔ mfe kakraa a atwam no mu.

Pap smear anaa HPV nhwehwɛmu a yɛbɛyɛ no nyɛ biribi a yɛhwɛ kwan. Nanso sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia . Ɛdenam kokoram a wohu na wɔsa ansa na wɔabɛyɛ kokoram so no, wobetumi asiw kokoram ano. Afei nso, sɛ wohu awotwaa mu kokoram, na wɔsa no ntɛm a, mpɛn pii no wobetumi asa koraa. Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi betumi agye wo nkwa.

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a wode bɛkɔ fie:

Enti, me nnamfo adɔfo, ɛsɛ sɛ meka kyerɛ ɛnanom ne mmabea nyinaa sɛ, awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ne mmoa kɛse a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ho . Ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm, nanso ahobammɔ a ɛde ma no som bo kɛse.

• Yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow sɛnea nhyehyɛe a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ kyerɛ.
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm pefee.
• Mma ehu a ɛho nhia mma.

W’akwahosan wɔ wo nsam. Sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den yi betumi ayɛ anammɔn a egye nkwa. Enti, mehyɛ wo sɛ momma awotwaa mu kokoram nhwehwɛmu nyɛ w’akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe no fã titiriw.

` Awotwaa mu kokoram, Pap nhwehwɛmu, HPV nhwehwɛmu, mmea akwahosan, kokoram ano a wosiw, akwahosan ho nhwehwɛmu, awotwaa mu akwahosan