So wowɔ calcium a ɛwɔ wo koma ntini mu? (Atiridiinini Ntini a Ɛyɛ Calcification) .

So woasusuw ho pɛn sɛ ebia calcium nketenkete betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ ntini atitiriw a ɛde mogya kɔ wo koma mu no mu anaa? Ɛte sɛ limescale a ɛwɔ nsu paipu mu bere a bere kɔ so no. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ coronary artery calcification (CAC) . Ɛtɔ da bi a, eyi betumi asi a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara a wotumi hu. Nanso eyi a wubehu no ho hia paa ma wo koma akwahosan.

Dɛn ne Coronary Artery Calcification a Ɛyɛ Fɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi ne bere a calcium boaboa ano wɔ ntini atitiriw abien a ɛde mogya kɔ wo koma mu, a wɔfrɛ no coronary arteries , no afasu mu. Eyi nsi da koro pɛ. Mpɛn pii no, egye bɛyɛ mfe anum ansa na calcium no ayɛ kɛse wɔ wo ntini ahorow mu, bere bi akyi bere a woanya ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (a wɔfrɛ no atherosclerosis ) no. Fa no sɛ paipu a efĩ ne efĩ ayɛ mu ma, na afei saa aboaboa ano no yɛ kɛse.

Calcium a ɛwɔ saa ntini ahorow yi mu no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ahrawa mu yare . Eyi ma wo duruyɛfo tumi susuw asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare ho.

Sɛ srade yi boaboa ano wɔ ntini no mu a, ɛtew mogya a ɛsen no so. Wunim, ntini a ɛma koma no mu ntini no ma mogya a oxygen pii wom ma koma ntini no. Enti, sɛ mogya a ɛfa saa ntini ahorow yi mu no siw a, wubetumi anya wo koko mu yaw (angina) , anaasɛ nea enye koraa no, komayare .

Calcium a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

Nnuruyɛfo hu eyi wɔ akwan atitiriw abien so, a egyina calcium a ɛwɔ ntini no fasu mu no so:

1. Intimal deposition: Eyi ba wɔ ntini no fasu no mu fã kɛse no ara mu. Wɔtaa hu saa ɔkwan yi wɔ ahrawa mu ntini mu.

2. Medial deposition: Eyi ba wɔ ntini no fasu no mfinimfini.

Abusuabɔ bɛn na ɛda calcium a ɛwɔ ntini ahorow mu ne ntini mu yare ntam?

Abusuabɔ kɛse bi da abien no ntam. Calcium dodow a ɛwɔ wo ntini mu no betumi ama woanya ntini mu yare dodow a wowɔ, a ɛyɛ srade a ɛboaboa ano wɔ wo ntini mu no ho adwene. Atherosclerosis yɛ bere a srade a ɛwɔ wo ntini mu no boaboa ano, na ɛma ɛyɛ teateaa. Ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ mogya bɛsen yiye. Calcium betumi ama tebea yi asɛe kɛse.

Hena na tebea yi ka no kɛse?

Nnipa a wɔwɔ komayare taa hu calcium a ɛwɔ saa ntini ahorow yi mu.

• Bere a mfe a obi adi no:Sɛ yɛhwɛ nnipa a wɔadi boro mfeɛ aduɔson a, mmarima bɛboro 90% ne mmaa 67% na wɔwɔ saa tebea yi. Ansa na mmea bɛgyae brayɛ no, wɔbɔ wɔn ho ban kakra fi asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya eyi (atherosclerosis) esiane hormone estrogen nti . Ɛno nti na mmea nya saa tebea yi bɛyɛ mfe 10-15 akyi sen mmarima no.
• Abusuakuw/Mmusuakuw: Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ aborɔfo taa nya saa tebea yi sen mmusuakuw afoforo.
• Wɔ mmarima fam no: Mmarima wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya eyi (Coronary Artery Calcification).

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba? (Sɛ wowɔ saa nneɛma yi a, ebia wo nso wobɛkɔ asiane mu)

Ɛda adi sɛ nnipa binom benya saa tebea yi. Hwɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow yi bi anaa:

• Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare a enni sabea a .
• Sɛ wowɔ asikre dodow ho haw te sɛ Asikreyare a .
• Sɛ srade bɔne (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein) dodow dɔɔso na srade pa (HDL - High-Density Lipoprotein) dodow sua a.
• BMI (Body Mass Index) bo, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ nipadua no mu duru yɛ kɛse (kɛse mmoroso).
• Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu wɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ calcium a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu ntini mu (agyapade mu su).
• Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a .
• Sɛ wowɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛfa sigaretnom anaa tawa nneɛma afoforo a wode bedi dwuma ho a.
• Bere a mfe a obi nyin rekɔ soro no.
• Sɛ nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ parathyroid hormone mu a .
• Sɛ phosphate dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu dɔɔso a.
• Sɛ calcium dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu dɔɔso a.

Dɛn na eyi yɛ nipadua no? Ɛka no dɛn?

Sɛ calcium boaboa ano wɔ wo koma ntini mu a, ɛma ɛyɛ den . Eyi ma tumi a wotumi twetwe wɔn ho na wɔtrɛw mu yiye no so tew. This increases your risk of heart disease.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa calcium a ɛboaboa ano yi ma mogya dodow a ɛkɔ wo koma ntini mu no so tew. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ mfiri a ɛyɛ adwuma a ennyae. Sɛ ɛhwere ne mogya a, ebehyia ɔhaw, ɛnte saa?

Ade foforo ne sɛ, sɛ calcium a ɛwɔ ntini no mu a, ɛbɛyɛ den ma nnuruyɛfo sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ayaresa ahorow bi, te sɛ Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) , anaa sɛnea yɛn nyinaa nim no , Angioplasty, efisɛ saa calcium a ɛwɔ ntini no mu no betumi asiw stent a wɔde ahyɛ ntini no mu no kwan yiye.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Mpɛn pii no, nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi (Coronary Artery Calcification) no nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Ɛno ne ade a asiane wom sen biara. Nanso bere kɔ so no, bere a tebea yi mu yɛ den no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi betumi ada adi. Wɔne:

• Angina a ɛyɛ den: Eyi yɛ koko mu yaw anaa ahotɔ a ɛtaa ba bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa bere a wɔreforo antweri no. Ɛbrɛ ase bere a wɔagye wɔn ahome no.
• Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa.
• Komayare a ɛma obi nya komayare.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Mpɛn pii no, bere a yedi mfe 40 akyi no, calcium a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no betumi afi ase ayɛ kɛse wɔ nipadua no afã horow. Titiriw no, ntini a asɛe, ayɛ hyew, anaasɛ wɔresiesie no afasu na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ saa calcium a ɛwɔ hɔ yi betumi atɔ mu.

Saa adeyɛ yi betumi afi ase ntɛm ara wɔ wo mfe 20 mu , nanso bere a ɛsõ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ahu wɔ mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ mu nkutoo na oduruyɛfo hu. Na, nnipa pii a wɔadi mfe 20 ne 30 nyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi daa.

Calcium a ɛwɔ hɔ no fi ase sɛ nneɛma nketenkete paa (0.5μm - micrometers). Bere kɔ so no, bere a srade a ɛwɔ hɔ no boaboa ano no, saa calcium a ɛwɔ hɔ yi betumi anyin aboro milimita 3. Nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ saa calcium nketenkete a ɛwɔ ntini no fasu no mu (microcalcification) yi fi ase bere a ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no nkwammoaa wuwu no.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi? Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?

Mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ahu tebea yi (Coronary Atherosclerosis), kyerɛ sɛ, srade a ɛwɔ ntini no mu, ansa na ayɛ den. Eyinom mu biako a ɛho hia sen biara ne (Computed Tomography - CT) scan, anaa (Multidetector Computed Tomography - MDCT) .

Koma mu CT scan betumi akyerɛ calcium a ɛwɔ wo koma ntini mu no pefee. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ahrawa mu ntini mu calcium (CAC) nhwehwɛmu . Ɛhwehwɛ titiriw:

• Calcium dodow ahe na ɛwɔ hɔ?
• Saa nneɛma a wɔde asie no mu dodow yɛ dɛn?
• Wɔn kɛse te dɛn?

Wo duruyɛfo de saa nsɛm yi di dwuma de bu bo bi a wɔfrɛ no Agatston nkontaahyɛde . Saa nkontabuo yi betumi afi 0 kosi 400 anaa nea ɛboro saa mpo. Dodow a nkontaahyɛde no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare anaa akisikuru wɔ mfe 10 a edi hɔ no mu no yɛ kɛse.

Nnuruyɛfo ahu sɛ saa (CAC) nhwehwɛmu yi tumi kyerɛ koma ne ntini mu asiane a ɛbɛba daakye no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nanso, ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wufi w’ankasa wo kotoku mu tua sɔhwɛ yi ho ka.

Dɛn na CAC nkontabuo (Agatston Nkonimdie) kyerɛ?

Sɛnea wɔtaa kyerɛ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne no ase ni:

• Nkonimdi 0: Ayaresa tebea biara nni hɔ.
• Nkonimdi 1 kosi 99: Yare a emu nyɛ den.
• Nkonimdi a efi 100 kosi 399: Yare a ɛkɔ fam.
• Nkonimdi a ɛboro 400: Yare a emu yɛ den.

Wɔ saa (CAC) sɔhwɛ yi akyi no, nhwehwɛmu afoforo wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den pii a ebetumi ahwɛ sɛ calcium wɔ wo koma ntini mu anaa:

• Cardiac Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Eyi de afiri a wɔde hwɛ ntini a ɛyɛ den a wɔde catheter (afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa) abata n’awiei di dwuma de hwɛ ntini ahorow no mu. Wɔde nea efi mu ba no toto Adesuakuw I kosi Adesuakuw IV, na Adesuakuw IV kyerɛ sɛ calcium a ɛwɔ mu no mu yɛ den sen biara.
• Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT): Eyi kyerɛ calcium dodow a ɛwɔ wo ntini mu ne sɛnea ɛyɛ duru. Ɛde hann a ɛbɛn infrared na ɛyɛ ntini ahorow no mu mfonini.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Nnuruyɛfo nnya nnyaa ayaresa a ɛfata a wɔde sa coronary artery calcification. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu no, nnuruyɛfo binom de aduru foforo bi a wɔfrɛ no intravascular lithotripsy redi dwuma. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri bi fa catheter mu kɔ ntini no mu na wɔde di dwuma de nhyɛso asorɔkye ma de bubu calcium a ɛwɔ ntini no fasu mu no. Afei wobetumi de stent ahyɛ mu na ama ntini no abue.

Ayaresa afoforo bi a wɔde ma mogya a ɛkɔ ntini no mu yiye no bi ne:

• Rotational, orbital anaa laser atherectomy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wotwitwa na woyi srade a ɛwɔ ntini no mu (plaque) ne calcium fi ntini no mu.
• Cutting, scoring anaa high-pressure balloon angioplasty: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔma balloon bi mframa de pia srade a ɛwɔ mu ne calcium no kɔ ntini no afasu so.

So nsɛnnennen betumi aba bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no?

Sɛnea ɛte wɔ aduruyɛ biara mu no, nsɛnnennen bi betumi aba wɔ saa ayaresa yi mu.

Nsɛnnennen a Ɛwɔ Intravascular Lithotripsy mu:

• Arrhythmia ( koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so) .
• (Aneurysm) ( )
• Mogya a ɛtɔ ho nsɛnnennen
• Nnwodwoɔ
• Owu (ɛho yɛ na yiye) .

Nsɛnnennen a Ɛwɔ Rotational Atherectomy mu:

• Ntini a wɔde twitwiw ntini mu
• Koma mu yare
• Owu (ɛho yɛ na yiye) .
• Ntini a Wɔde Fa Ntini a Ɛma Ntɛmntɛm (CABG) .

Coronary Angioplasty Nsɛnnennen a Ɛba:

• Koma mu yare
• Nnwodwoɔ
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛnyɛ den
• Mogya a ɛretu
• Mogya a ɛtwetwe

Saa nsɛnnennen yi to obiara, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wohu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ asiane ahorow yi mu bere a ɔkamfo ayaresa bi kyerɛ wo no.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane yi so?

Ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wubedi ɔhaw ahorow a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ahrawa mu ntini mu calcification no yɛ kɛse no so. Eyinom bi ne:

• Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, di so yiye.
• (cholesterol) ‍ , .
• Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a , di so.
• Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare a , nya ayaresa a ɛfata.

Wɔ saa nneɛma yi akyi no, ɛho hia paa sɛ yedi asetra a ahoɔden wom akyi.

Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, dɛn na ɛba? Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ Coronary Artery Calcification a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya Coronary Artery Disease ne Major Adverse Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) .

Nanso, sɛ ɛba sɛnea ayaresa akwan no di yiye so a, Intravascular Lithotripsy adi nkonim wɔ bɛboro 92% mu. Saa ara nso na Rotational Atherectomy nso ada no adi sɛ ɛdi nkonim 90%.

Nanso, calcium a ɛwɔ ntini no mu no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ayaresa te sɛ balloon angioplasty . Ebetumi ayɛ den nso sɛ wode stent besi ntini no mu yiye.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho? Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ coronary artery calcification a, ɛho hia sɛ wudi asetra kwan a ɛma koma no nya ahoɔden akyi. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ:

• Di nnuan a srade nnim (tew ngo, nnuan a wɔayam, ne nnuan a wɔde di ntɛmntɛm so sɛnea wubetumi biara).
• (, ) .
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa (biribi te sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no nantew simma 30 da biara).
• Ma wo mogya mmoroso ne srade dodow nkɔ so nyɛ nea ɛfata (nom nnuru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no na hwɛ w’aduan so).

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso ne/anaasɛ srade a ɛdɔɔso a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wɔadi saa tebea horow no so yiye.Sɛ wuhia nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɛma wo koma ne ntini akwahosan atu mpɔn a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo behyiam aka ho asɛm.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara (ETU) ?

Sɛ wuhu komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ wo koko mu yaw kɛse, akisikuru ne ɔfe, ne ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa a , frɛ 911 ntɛm ara anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo . Bere betumi ayɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda nkwa ne owu ntam wɔ bere a ɛte sɛɛ mu.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so sɛ wubebisa nsɛm yi:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me nhwehwɛmu sɛ ebia coronary artery calcification?
• Me tebea no mu yɛ den dɛn (Coronary Artery Calcification)?
• Ayaresa bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ ma me tebea no?
• Asiane ne mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ saa ayaresa yi so?
• Nsakrae bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ wɔ m’asetra kwan mu?

Momma yɛnkae no tiawa (Take-Home Message) .

Sɛ́ wubehu sɛ ebia calcium a ɛwɔ wo koma ntini mu no ho hia na ama wo duruyɛfo no yɛ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛbɛboa wo. Ebia wubehia ayaresa na ama woayi calcium afi wo ntini mu, anaasɛ ebia ɛho behia sɛ wode suban ahorow bi a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden ka w’asetra kwan ho ara kwa. Sɛ wunni koma ne ntini mu haw mpo a, aduan a srade nnim a wubedi, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne tawa ho nneɛma a wobɛtwe wo ho afi ho no betumi aboa ma woanya apɔwmuden. Remember, a healthy heart is the key to a healthy life!

` Calcium a ɛwɔ koma no ntini mu, coronary artery calcification, komayare, srade, mogya mmoroso, asikreyare, komayare, atherosclerosis