"Me nnim sɛ ebia merenya asikreyare..." So woanya saa ehu anaa asɛmmisa yi pɛn? Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte nka saa bere a wote nneɛma te sɛ wo taa tow nsu, sukɔm de wo dodo, ne wo mu duru a ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim no. Nanso mma nsuro. Ansa na wubefi ase ayɛ yare bi ho mfonini wɔ w’adwenem esiane sɛ obi ka biribi nti no, ma yɛnka sɛnea yebetumi de aduruyɛ mu asi asikreyare tebea no so dua ho asɛm. Eyi bɛma woanya ntease a emu da hɔ.
Dɛn ne nhwehwɛmu atitiriw a wɔde hu asikreyare?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asikreyare yɛ tebea a asikre (glucose) dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Enti, wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii de hwɛ sɛ wowɔ eyi anaasɛ wunni bi. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo no ani rennye nhwehwɛmu biako pɛ ho na ebia ɔbɛpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de si so dua. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ.
1. Mmuadadi Plasma Glucose (FPG) sɔhwɛ
Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ. Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, eyi hwehwɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wudi mmuada nnɔnhwerew 8 ansa na wode mogya ama wo. Ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wobɛnom nsu kakra. Wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ yi bere a wɔadidi anwummere ne adekyee anɔpa. Ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ nea efi mu ba no ase.
2. Glucose a Wɔde Ma Anom Ho Nhwehwɛmu (OGTT) .
Saa sɔhwɛ yi yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra sen FPG, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebetumi ahu asikreyare a edi kan mpo. Nanso egye bere tenten kakra na wɔatumi ayɛ.
Eyi ne nea ɛba:
- Nea edi kan no, anyɛ yiye koraa no, wudi mmuada nnɔnhwerew 8 na afei woma wo mogya (te sɛ nea ɛte wɔ FPG ho no ara pɛ).
- Afei, wɔbɛma wo nsu titiriw bi a glucose gram 75 a wɔapete wɔ nsu mu wom na woanom.
- Bere a wɔanom akyi nnɔnhwerew 2 pɛpɛɛpɛ no, wɔfa mogya foforo.
Wɔnam asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya abien yi mu a wɔhwɛ so na esi gyinae no. Wɔde saa OGTT sɔhwɛ koro yi ara nso di dwuma de hu asikreyare a ɛwɔ nyinsɛn mu. Nanso, nea ɛka ho ne mogya a wɔnom mpɛn pii wɔ nnɔnhwerew pii mu.
3. Plasma Glucose Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔanhyɛ Da
Saa sɔhwɛ yi mfa ho sɛ woredi mmuada anaasɛ woredi adidi. Wɔfa mogya bere biara wɔ da no mu de hwɛ sɛnea asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu yi nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ obi anya asikreyare. Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛda adi pefee (te sɛ ɔtow a ɔtaa tow, sukɔm a ɔde di dwuma dodo) wɔ mogya mu asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro yiye wɔ nhwehwɛmu yi mu a, oduruyɛfo no bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ no FPG anaa OGTT nhwehwɛmu mfa nsi nea wɔahu no so dua.
4. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, asram 3 mu nhwehwɛmu (Hemoglobin A1c - HbA1c) .
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye. Ɛnsusuw asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu bere koro mu. Ɛyɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, sɛnea wɔadi wo mogya mu asikre so yiye wɔ asram 2-3 a atwam no mu.Eyi ne nea wunya. Ɛho nhia sɛ wudi mmuada ma eyi. Wubetumi ayɛ no bere biara wɔ da no mu. Eyi ho wɔ mfaso kɛse ma asikreyare a wobehu, ne sɛnea wɔhwɛ sɛnea obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare dedaw no di so.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ woremfa wo ho nto nea efi nhwehwɛmu yi mu biara mu ba nkutoo so, na mmom wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho na woadi n’afotu akyi.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na yɛbɛte sɔhwɛ no mu aba no ase?
Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea sɔhwɛ ahorow yi gyinapɛn ahorow kyerɛ. W’ankasa wubetumi ahu denam saa pon ahorow yi a wobɛhwɛ so.
| Asikreyare ne asikreyare a edi kan a wobehu | |
|---|---|
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Nea efi mu ba (mg/dL anaa %) . |
| Akwahosan (a ɛyɛ daa) level | |
| HbA1c | Ennu 5.7% . |
| Mmuadadi mu Glucose (FPG) . | Ennu 100 mg/dL |
| Anom Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) - Nnɔnhwerew 2 akyi | Ennu 140 mg/dL |
| Prediabetes - a ɛyɛ asiane a ɛde ba | |
| HbA1c | Ɛwɔ 5.7% ne 6.4% ntam . |
| Mmuadadi mu Glucose (FPG) . | Ɛwɔ 100 mg/dL ne 125 mg/dL ntam |
| Anom Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) - Nnɔnhwerew 2 akyi | Ɛwɔ 140 mg/dL ne 199 mg/dL ntam |
| Wohui sɛ ɔwɔ Asikreyare* . | |
| HbA1c | 6.5% anaa nea ɛboro saa |
| Mmuadadi mu Glucose (FPG) . | 126 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa |
| Anom Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) - Nnɔnhwerew 2 akyi | 200 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa |
| Random Plasma Glucose + Nsɛnkyerɛnne a Ɛwɔ Hɔ | 200 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa |
*Hyɛ no nsow: Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wohu bo a ɛkorɔn wɔ sɔhwɛ biako mu a, oduruyɛfo no besi so dua denam nhwehwɛmu foforo a ɔbɛyɛ da foforo so.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ eyi yɛ Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1?
Nnipa dodow no ara wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so abien. Nanso nnipa binom, titiriw mmerante ne mmabaa ne mmofra betumi anya asikreyare a ɛto so 1. Ɛsono nea ɛde saa ahorow abien yi ba ne ayaresa a wɔde sa yare no. Enti, bere a wɔahu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare akyi no, sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi.
- Autoantibody Test: Wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 mu no, yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu a ɛyɛ insulin no so. Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ antibodies (`autoantibodies`) wɔ mogya no mu a ɛtow hyɛ eyi so.
- C-peptide Sɔhwɛ: Eyi kyerɛ insulin dodow a yɛn dwensɔtwaa no reyɛ. Wɔ `Type 1` mu no, insulin a wɔyɛ no sua koraa anaasɛ egyae koraa.
- Nsu mu Ketones Sɔhwɛ:Sɛ insulin yera a, nipadua no ntumi mfa asikre nni dwuma mfa nnya ahoɔden. Afei nipadua no hyew srade de hwehwɛ ahoɔden. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wɔyɛ acid ahorow a wɔfrɛ no `Ketones`. Sɛ wohwɛ eyinom wɔ nsu mu a, ebetumi aboa ma woahu `Type 1 Diabetes`.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Asikreyare nyɛ yare a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro na wosusuw ho. Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow a emu da hɔ wɔ hɔ a ebetumi asi so dua ampa.
- `Prediabetes` yɛ kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ woyɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra kwan mu (aduan a wudi, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ) wɔ saa bere yi mu a, wubetumi asiw asikreyare a edi mũ ano anaasɛ wobɛtwentwɛn so.
- Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, mmu w’ani ngu so na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
- Sɛ sɔhwɛ biako kyerɛ sɛ ɛsom bo kakra a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de si so dua.
- Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, ɛnyɛ w’asetra awiei. Ɛyɛ hokwan a wode besusuw w’akwahosan ho wɔ ɔkwan foforo so na woadi ho dwuma yiye. Sɛ wudi aduruyɛ mu afotu a ɛfata akyi a, wubetumi abɔ bra pa.
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