So ɔhaw bi wɔ mmadwoa no ho? Momma yɛnka Embryonal Carcinoma ho asɛm

So woahu nsakrae kakra wɔ wo mmadwoa mu nnansa yi, anaasɛ akisikuru anaa ɔfe a ɛyɛ soronko? Ebia nso woate nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo duru kakra anaasɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ. Ɛnyɛ adwene pa sɛ wubebu w’ani agu saa nneɛma yi so, ɛnte saa? Efisɛ eyinom betumi ayɛ yare bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛnka ho asɛm pii, nanso ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ. Yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa ho asɛm nnɛ.

Dɛn ne Awotwaa mu Kokoram?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Embryonal Carcinoma yɛ kokoram bi a ɛba wɔ awotwaa mu, na ɛyɛ den kakra na ɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm. Wɔfrɛ no ɔyare mmoawa nkwammoaa akisikuru. Afei ebia woresusuw nea saa mmoawa nkwammoaa yi yɛ ho. Mpɛn pii no, mmoawa nkwammoaa ne nkwammoaa a edi kan a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ mmadwoa nkwammoaa a ɛho akokwaw koraa. Nanso, wɔ Embryonal Carcinoma yi mu no, saa mmoawa nkwammoaa yi fi ase kyekyɛ na ɛdɔɔso ntɛmntɛm yiye a wontumi nni so. Wɔ eyi mu no, akisikuru bɔne bi ba wo mmadwoa mu.

Nnuruyɛfo kyekyɛ saa nkwaboaa mu kokoram ahorow yi mu sɛ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ seminomatous germ cell tumors. Afei ebia woresusuw nea ɛnyɛ seminomas ho. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, kokoram foforo bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no seminomas. Nanso, saa non-seminomas yi (nkwaboaa mu kokoram yɛ eyi ho nhwɛso) nyin ntɛmntɛm na ɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm kɔ nipadua no afã afoforo.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Embryonal Carcinoma abu so dɛn? Nokwarem no, sɛ wususuw kokoram a ɛba mmadwoa mu nyinaa ho a, eyinom ntaa mma kakra. Ɛne sɛ, eyi nyɛ yare a ɛka obiara. Wɔ nsɛm a wɔahu sɛ wɔanya awotwaa mu kokoram no mu no, wohu mmoawa nkwammoaa akisikuru, awotwaa mu kokoram a ɛho tew, a ɛyɛ Nkwaboaa Kokoram nkutoo, wɔ dodow ketewaa bi mu, bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu abien (%2).

Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu eyi. Ebia mmoawa nkwammoaa a wɔadi afra akisikuru a ɛba wɔ mmadwoa mu no bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 85 (85%) na ɛwɔ nkwaboaa mu kokoram. Mixed germ cell tumors yɛ akisikuru a efi akisikuru ahorow pii a ɛnyɛ seminoma a wɔaka abom mu na ɛba.

Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no Embryonal Carcinoma no betumi afi ase nso wɔ akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ mmea mu te sɛ awotwaa mu. Embryonal carcinoma a ɛba wɔ awotwaa mu no yɛ awotwaa mu mmoawa nkwammoaa akisikuru a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Ɛmfa ho baabi a efi ase no, ɛda adi sɛ kokoram a ɛte sɛɛ benyin na atrɛw ntɛmntɛm.

Dɛn ne Embryonal Carcinoma ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛwɔ Embryonal Carcinoma tebea yi mu. Sɛ wowɔ eyinom mu bi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo mmadwoa biako ahonhon.
• Akuru anaa akuru a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛka wɔ awotwaa mu, a ɛyaw wom anaasɛ enni mu.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo duru na wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ wɔ awotwaa no mu.

Wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi akyi no, sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen awotwaa no, kyerɛ sɛ, akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo a, sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo betumi ada adi. Wɔne:

• Akyi akyi yaw.
• Flank ɛyaw.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea).
• Ɔfe, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya a ɔfe (hemoptysis).

Sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛte sɛɛ a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a wontwentwɛn wo nan ase?

Dɛn nti na Embryonal Carcinoma nya?

Nkwaboaa mu kokoram ba bere a mmoawa nkwammoaa a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no fi ase kyekyɛ na ɛdɔɔso ntɛmntɛm a wontumi nni so no. Bere kɔ so no, saa nkwammoaa yi bom yɛ akisikuru. Saa kokoram ahorow yi taa nyin ntɛmntɛm na ɛtrɛw kɔ akyiri sen awotwaa no.

Nanso, nnuruyɛfo da so ara nnim nea enti a saa mmoawa nkwammoaa yi fi ase yɛ wɔn ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so yi wɔ nea edi kan no mu ankasa. Nanso, wogye di sɛ saa mmoawa nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ yi ba bere a yɛda so wɔ awotwaa mu, kyerɛ sɛ, bere a awotwaa no nyin no.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya tebea yi? (Nneɛma a Ɛma Asiane) .

Okay, enti dɛn ne asiane ahorow a ɛma obi nya saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no Embryonal Carcinoma? Momma yɛnhwɛ.

• Mfe a wɔadi: Wɔtaa hu saa yare yi wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa a wɔadi fi mfe 25 kosi 35 mu .
• Abusuakuw: Nkwaboaa nkwammoaa mu akisikuru abu so kɛse wɔ mmarima aborɔfo a wɔnyɛ Hispanicfo a wɔte United States ne Europa no mu.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua a ɛbɛn wo mu te sɛ agya anaa wo nua bi anya kokoram a ɛte sɛɛ a ɛma ɔyare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ no germ cell kokoram a, ebia wo nso wobɛkɔ asiane mu kakra.
• Ayaresa mu tebea horow bi: Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ awotwaa a ensi fam (cryptorchidism) ne Klinefelter syndrome no wɔ asiane kɛse mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Embryonal Carcinoma?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obedi kan abisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu anya saa yare yi anaa. Afei, wɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu ahwɛ sɛ akisikuru anaa ahuru bi wɔ wo mmadwoa mu anaa. Wɔbɛhwɛ nso sɛ ntini bi a ɛho ahonhon wɔ wo yafunu mu anaa. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ ntini a ɛho ahonhon betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ kokoram no atrɛw.

Nea ɛka ho no, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a edidi so yi de hu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ:

• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: Mpɛn pii no, ultrasound a wɔde yɛ awotwaa abien no nyinaa ne sɔhwɛ a edi kan. Sɛ eyi da kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi a, wobetumi ayɛ CT scan (computed tomography scan), X-ray, anaa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan de ahu baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu wɔ nipadua no mu.
• Serum tumor marker tests: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛfa wo mogya bi na woahwehwɛ tumor marker ahorow bi a ɛne testicular kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ne nnipa chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wotumi hu eyinom wɔ mogya a ɛwɔ awotwaa mu kokoram mu, nanso ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa.
• Inguinal orchiectomy ne biopsy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi awotwaa a kokoram wom no nyinaa na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ ne nkwammoaa mu. Eyi ne bere a wobetumi asi so dua sɛ ebia ɛyɛ awotwaa mu kokoram anaa. Mpɛn pii no, nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu gye ntini ketewaa bi pɛ. Nanso, wɔ awotwaa mu kokoram fam no, sɛ wɔfa ade ketewaa bi a ɛte saa a, woyi awotwaa no nyinaa fi hɔ efisɛ ɛda adi sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa no bɛtrɛw.

Nkwammoaa mu Kokoram no Mmere Ahorow

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ wo a, wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkyerɛ baabi a wo kokoram no wɔ. Eyi ne baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu ne sɛnea ɛyɛ aniberesɛm. Wo kokoram no fã a ɛwɔ hɔ no ne ade a eye sen biara a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔbɛsa wo yare anaasɛ wɔrensa wo yare. Mpɛn pii no, wobetumi asa nkwaboaa mu kokoram a ɛwɔ ne mfiase no koraa. Nanso, esiane sɛ ɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm nti, kokoram no bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 40 (40%) atrɛw (atrɛw) dedaw akɔ nipadua no afã horow a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri bere a nnuruyɛfo hu sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ no.

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛwɔ Embryonal Carcinoma mu ne:

• Ɔfã I: Kokoram no wɔ wo mmadwoa mu nkutoo.
• Ɔfã II: Kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛwɔ wo yafunu akyi no mu (retroperitoneum).
• Ɔfã III:Kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen ntini a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu, anaasɛ akɔ nipadua no akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri no mu. Mpɛn pii no, nkwaboaa mu kokoram trɛw kɔ ahurututu mu. Nanso, ebetumi atrɛw akɔ mmerɛbo, amemene, anaa nnompe nso mu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Ayaresa atitiriw a wɔde sa awotwaa mu kokoram ne oprehyɛn a wɔde yi kokoram no ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare. Ayaresa a wubenya no begyina nneɛma pii so, te sɛ baabi a wo kokoram no wɔ, w’akwahosan nyinaa, ne ayaresa ko a wopɛ.

Akwan atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare:

• Radical inguinal orchiectomy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wo duruyɛfo yi wo mmadwoa a kokoram wom no fi hɔ koraa. Wɔatoto mogya ntini ne ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu na ama kokoram no antrɛw.
• Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND): Sɛ nkwaboaa mu kokoram atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛwɔ wo yafunu akyi no mu, anaasɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛtrɛw a, wo duruyɛfo nso betumi ayɛ oprehyɛn ayi saa ntini ahorow no afi hɔ.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Mpɛn pii no, awotwaa mu kokoram yɛ n’ade yiye wɔ nnuru a wɔde sa yare no ho. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode nnuru a ebetumi akum kokoram nkwammoaa bɛma wo nipadua no. Sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn wie a, ebia wɔbɛma wo nnuru a wɔde kum kokoram nkwammoaa a aka biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyirikyiri mu no, nnuruyɛfo si gyinae sɛ wɔbɛma wo nnuru ansa na wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn.

Asetra bɛyɛ dɛn wɔ tebea yi mu? (Nsusuwii) .

Kokoram no fã no na ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ sɛnea wubetumi asan anya ahoɔden (prognosis / outlook). Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe nnansa yi kyerɛe sɛ nnipa bɛboro 98% (98%) a wɔsaa wɔn yare wɔ Stage I kokoram no mu da so te ase wɔ mfe anum akyi. Na nnipa a wɔwɔ Stage III Embryonal Carcinoma no mu bɛyɛ 80% (80%) da so te ase wɔ mfe anum akyi.

Kae sɛ, sɛ woyɛ w’ade yiye wɔ ayaresa ho mpo a, nnuruyɛfo bɛkɔ so ahwɛ wo efisɛ ebia kokoram no bɛsan aba.

Wɔ awotwaa mu kokoram fam no, sɛ kokoram no wɔ awotwaa no mu nkutoo a, hokwan 20% (20%) wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛsan aba bio. Nanso, sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ awotwaa anaa ntini a ɛma mogya tu no mu a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛsan aba bio no betumi ayɛ bɛboro 50% (50%).

So wobetumi asiw Embryonal Carcinoma ano?

sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, .Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw nkwaboaa mu kokoram ano. Nanso, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere a wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ wo mmadwoa mu ara pɛ. Ɛnyɛ nsakrae biara na ɛyɛ kokoram, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wuhu no yiye.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ saa ayaresa yi ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa pii suro nea ɛbɛto wɔn nna mu asetra ne sɛnea wobetumi awo mma bere a wɔka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyi wɔn mmadwoa no. Nanso nokwarem no, awotwaa a aka no ma wonya hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no testosterone a wo nipadua hia. Enti, worenhyia ɔhaw biara wɔ nna mu anaasɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo ho. Ebia wubetumi awo mma.

Sɛ wo ho dwen wo ho a, wubetumi nso anya awotwaa a wɔde ayɛ nipadua no. Afei nso, sɛ wopɛ sɛ wokora w’awo so a, wubetumi ne wo duruyɛfo akasa afa mmadwoa a wɔde sie ho .

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wubebisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Mpɛn bɛn na me kokoram no wɔ?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ ebefi mu aba wɔ ayaresa akyi?
• Hokwan ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔde ayaresa bɛsa kokoram yi koraa?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mede me mmadwoa to sikakorabea ansa na mafi ayaresa ase?

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Nkwaboaa mu kokoram yɛ awotwaa mu kokoram a ano yɛ den na enyin ntɛmntɛm, nanso ɛtaa yɛ n’ade yiye wɔ ayaresa te sɛ oprehyɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare ho. Sɛ wohu no ntɛm a, wotumi sa no yare titiriw. Wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo wɔ ayaresa a ɛfata wo sen biara ho, a egyina wo kokoram no gyinabea so.

Enti, sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko anaa ɛsono wɔ wo mmadwoa mu a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwɛ. Ɛno ne mmoa kɛse a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ho. Mma ɛnhaw wo, biribiara ano aduru wɔ hɔ.

` embryonal carcinoma, awotwaa mu kokoram, germ cell tumor, awotwaa mu kokoram, kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne, kokoram ayaresa, mmarima akwahosan