Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) a Wɔde Hwɛ Nneɛma So | Momma yensua ho ade kɛkɛ

So wo yafunu nso yɛ wo yaw, wo moma so hyew? Ebia wo duruyɛfo yɛɛ CT scan anaa MRI na ohui sɛ biribi ketewaa bi wɔ so na ɔka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi na ama woahu ho nsɛm pii. Ɛno ne nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ, sɔhwɛ a ɛkɔ akyiri yiye a wɔyɛ wɔ mmere a ɛtete saa mu. Endoscopic ultrasound, anaasɛ EUS tiawa. Ɛwom sɛ edin no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra de, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu nsɛm no mu nkɔ akyiri.

Dɛn ne endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, EUS yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so hwehwɛ wo aduan mu nneɛma, anaa wo dwensɔtwaa mu. Yafunu mu yafunu ho oduruyɛfo na ɔyɛ eyi.

Susuw ho hwɛ, eyi te sɛ mfiridwuma mu nneɛma abien a wɔaka abom.

1. Endoscope: Eyi yɛ afiri tenten a ɛyɛ tratraa na ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfoninitwa afiri ne kanea wɔ n’awiei biako. Etumi hu nea ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu pefee.

2. Ultrasound: Wɔ tube no awiei no, wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu (probe) wɔ hɔ. Eyi ma nnyigyei asorɔkye ba na ɛma akwaa, ntini, ne mogya ntini a ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu no ho mfonini.

Enti sɛ wɔka abien yi bom a, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahwɛ akwaa a ɛwɔ wo dwensɔtwaa afasu mu ne nea atwa ho ahyia te sɛ dwensɔtwaa ne akisikuru no yiye na emu ada hɔ. Etumi hu nneɛma pii sen scan a wɔyɛ no daa.

Hena na ohia EUS sɔhwɛ?

Nnuruyɛfo kamfo EUS nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ esiane nneɛma ahorow nti. Wɔde di dwuma titiriw de hu aduruyɛ mu tebea bi pɛpɛɛpɛ anaasɛ wohu nea ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee bi ba.

EUS sɔhwɛ ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

Ɛdenam wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so no, wo duruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛhwɛ yafunu no atifi anaa ase.

1. EUS (EUS a ɛwɔ soro) .

Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde endoscope fa w’anom na wɔhwehwɛ wo aduan mu ntini a ɛwɔ soro no mu.

• Esophagus, yafunu, ne dwensɔtwaa ketewa no fã a edi kan.
• Ntini a atwa ho ahyia, mogya ntini, akisikuru a nsu ahyɛ mu ma, ne kokoram akisikuru.
• Akwaa a ɛbɛn te sɛ dwensɔtwaa, akisikuru, ne ntini a ɛma mogya tu.

2. EUS (EUS a ɛba fam) .

Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde endoscope no fa akyi berɛmo no mu na wɔhwehwɛ aduan a wɔyam no fã a ɛwɔ fam no mu.

• Ntini a atwa akyi berɛmo no ho ahyia (Anal sphincter).
• Mogya ntini a atwa ho ahyia, ntini a ɛma mogya tu, akisikuru a nsu ahyɛ mu ma, ne akisikuru.
• Dwonku kɛse no fã a etwa to (rectum ne colon).

Biopsy sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛe bere koro no ara mu ne EUS

Eyi yɛ mfaso kɛse foforo a ɛwɔ EUS sɔhwɛ no so. Sɛ oduruyɛfo no hu akisikuru anaa ntini a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so bi a ɛyɛ hu bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, wobetumi afa ne fã ketewaa bi de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ntɛm ara.

Afei wɔde ntini anaa nsu a wɔde yɛ nhwɛso no kɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Ɔyare ho ɔbenfo bi hwehwɛ mu na ɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ ebia biribi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so te sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wom anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosiesie wo ho ansa na wɔayɛ EUS sɔhwɛ no?

Oduruyɛfo no bɛma wo akwankyerɛ a emu da hɔ a ɛfa nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne nea ɛnsɛ sɛ woyɛ ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no ho. Mpɛn pii no wɔbɛka nsɛm te sɛ:

• Nnuru: Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu anaa insulin a wɔde sa asikreyare a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wobɛsesa saa nnuru no dodow. Mma w’ankasa nnnyae w’aduru nom da.
• Aduan ne Nsã: Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae adidi ne anonne nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no. Mpɛn pii no bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 6-8. Eyi bɛma wo yafunu mu da mpan na ama sɔhwɛ no mu ada hɔ.
• Bowel cleansing: Sɛ worenya EUS a ɛba fam a, wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo aduru titiriw bi (bowel prep) a ɛbɛtew wo dwensɔtwaa ho yiye. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde eyi di dwuma sɛnea wɔakyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Ofirikafo: Wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛda kakra, enti worentumi nka kar wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi. Enti wubehia obi a ɔde wo bɛkɔ fie.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Mpɛn pii no eyi yɛ ayaresa a wɔde kɔ ayaresabea a wobetumi ayɛ a wɔmfa ayaresabea nkɔ. Adeyɛ no nyinaa gye bɛyɛ simma 60.

Sɛnea wɔyɛ Upper EUS (anom):

Wɔbɛdan wo akɔ wo benkum so na wɔama woada mpa no so. Enneɛ,

1. Wɔbɛma wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo wo wɔ ntini mu na aboa wo ma woagye w’ahome na woada.

2. Fa aduru bi petepete wo menewam.

3. Wɔde plastic bi a wɔde siw ano bɛhyɛ w’anom na amma wo sẽ ansɛe na woanwe endoscope no.

4. Afei oduruyɛfo no de ahwɛyiye kɛse de endoscope no fa ano no mu na ɔde sian esophagus no mu kɔ yafunu no ne dwensɔtwaa ketewa (duodenum) no fã a edi kan no mu.

5. Worente ɛyaw biara nka saa bere yi. Wubetumi ahome sɛnea ɛsɛ.

6. Oduruyɛfo no hwɛ monitor no na ɔhwehwɛ emu akwaa ne akuru no mu.

7. Sɛ ɛho hia a, wɔbɛyɛ biopsy (ntini bi) sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no.

8. Sɛ sɔhwɛ no ba awiei a, oduruyɛfo no beyi afiri no na wagyae aduru a wɔde kum wo no. Wobɛsɔre wɔ dan bi a wɔma wɔn ho tɔ wo mu.

Sɛnea wɔyɛ Lower EUS (wɔ akyi berɛmo biara mu):

Eyi te sɛ nea ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no ara. Wɔdane wo kɔ wo benkum so na wɔma woda, na wɔde wo kɔda kakra. Enneɛ,

1. Oduruyɛfo no de endoscope no fa akyi berɛmo no mu na ɔde kɔ soro wɔ dwensɔtwaa kɛse no mu.

2. Worente ɛyaw anaasɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ biara wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu. Wubetumi ahome sɛnea ɛsɛ.

3. Wɔnam monitor a wɔhwɛ so hwehwɛ aduan mu ntini a ɛwɔ fam ne akwaa a atwa ho ahyia no mu.

4. Sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no wie a, woyi afiri no na wogyae aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ EUS sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Nnuru a wɔde da a wɔde maa wo no bɛsɛe wɔ simma 30-60 ntam. Ɛno akyi no, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ nketenkete bi.

• EUS a ɛba fam no akyi: Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma (gas) na wo yafunu mu ayɛ wo yaw kakra.
• Upper EUS akyi: Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo menewa mu yɛ wo yaw kakra.

So asiane ahorow bi wɔ mu?

EUS yɛ ɔkwan a ahobammɔ wom yiye, nanso sɛnea ɛte wɔ aduruyɛ mu adeyɛ biara ho no, nsɛnnennen bi wɔ hɔ a ɛntaa nsi koraa.

• Nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no ho akisikuru.
• Ɔsɛe anaa mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ aduan mu.
• Bere a wɔreyɛ yafunu no atifi nhwehwɛmu no, nsu a efi ano anaa yafunu mu betumi akɔ ahurututu no mu (lung aspiration).
• Sɛ wɔyɛ biopsy a, dwensɔtwaa no mu ɔfe (pancreatitis) betumi aba.
• Tokuru a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa no fasu mu (perforation).

Saa nneɛma yi ntaa nsi koraa. Wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ biribiara de atew asiane ahorow yi so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo no kasa?

Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ wo nhwehwɛmu no akyi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wofrɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.