So ayɛ den ama wo pɛn sɛ wobɛyɛ wo da no ho nhyehyɛe, wode w’adwene asi adwuma biako so bere koro mu, anaasɛ wubedi nkate bi te sɛ abufuw anaa awerɛhow so? Yɛde tumi soronko bi a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu di dwuma de yɛ saa nneɛma yi nyinaa, sɛ́ ɛyɛ ɔhaw bi a yebedi ho dwuma, biribi foforo a yebesua, anaasɛ yɛne afoforo di nkitaho yiye. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Executive Function’. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka saa tumi ahorow yi a ɛho hia yiye ma wo nkonimdi wɔ asetra mu yi ho asɛm.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Executive Function yi?
Fa no sɛ adwumakuw kɛse bi wɔ CEO. Ɔno na ɔyɛ biribiara ho nhyehyɛe wɔ adwumakuw no mu, kyekyɛ adwuma mu, odi ɔhaw ahorow ho dwuma bere a ɛsɔre no, na ɔhwɛ hu sɛ biribiara rekɔ so yiye. Wɔ ɔkwan a ɛte saa ara so no, ‘Executive Function’ no te sɛ CEO a ɔwɔ yɛn amemene mu. Saa adwene mu adeyɛ yi boa wo ma wode wo botae ahorow sisi w’ani so, bue kwan ma wudu ho, na wudi akwanside ahorow a ɛwɔ kwan so no so.
Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ saa ahokokwaw yi yiye fam no, .
- Wubetumi ayɛ yiye wɔ sukuu mu.
- Wubetumi anya adwuma pa na wode asie.
- Wobetumi akura ayɔnkofa, nnamfofa, ne abusua asetra mu yiye.
- Ɛyɛ mmoa kɛse sɛ wobɛtra ase a ahoɔden wom, wɔ adwene ne honam fam nyinaa.
Sɛ saa tumi ahorow yi yɛ mmerɛw kakra a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wobɛyɛ nneɛma a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ saa asɛm no ho. Yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm akɔ akyiri.
Afã atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ eyi mu.
Saa ‘CEO’ a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu yi wɔ dwumadi atitiriw abiɛsa. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
| Tumi din | Dɛn na ɛba wɔ eyi ho? | Nhwɛso a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Adwumayɛ mu Nkae | Eyi te sɛ bere tiaa mu ‘notepad’ a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu. Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma bi a, saa nkaeɛ yi boa wo ma wode nsɛm a wuhia no bi sie wo tirim na wode saa nsɛm no di dwuma kɔsi sɛ wobɛwie. | Sɛ woreyɛ aduan a, wokae anammɔn a ɛwɔ aduannoa no mu nnidiso nnidiso na woyɛ no mmiako mmiako. Anaasɛ, wokae telefon nɔma bi a obi de ama wo na wode sie wo tirim kosi sɛ wobɛkyerɛw. |
| 2. Nhumu mu Nsakrae | Eyi kyerɛ tumi a ɛnyɛ den sɛ obi tumi dan fi adwuma biako so kɔ foforo so, fi adwene bi so kɔ foforo so. Eyi boa yɛn ma yɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea horow a ɛresakra no mu. | Sɛ worekyerɛw email wɔ adwumayɛbea hɔ, sɛ wo ba no ba mu bɛbisa sukuu dwumadi bi a, wugyae email no, boa wo ba no, na afei wufi ase kyerɛw email no bio. Sɛ ɔkwan biako a wobɛfa so adi ɔhaw bi ho dwuma anyɛ yiye a, susuw ɔkwan foforo ho ntɛm ara. |
| 3. Nneɛma a Wɔde Siw Ano | Wɔnam nneɛma a ɛtwetwe adwene a wosiw ano ne nkate ne nkate horow a wodi so so na ɛyɛ eyi. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛboa wo ma wokwati sɛ wobɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛnsɛ sɛ woyɛ. | Ɔpɛ a wowɔ sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo fon bere a woreyɛ adwuma a ɛho hia no so a wubedi. Mmɔden a wobɛbɔ sɛ wobɛma wo ho adwo wo bere a obi kasa tia wo, sen sɛ wo bo befuw na woako. |
Saa tumi abiɛsa yi nyinaa nyin nkakrankakra fi da a wɔwoo yɛn no. Mpɛn pii no, ɛkɔ soro sen biara wɔ yɛn mmeranteberem na ebia ɛbɛkɔ fam nkakrankakra bere a yɛrenyin no. Ɛno yɛ ade a ɛfata.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde adwumayɛfo a wɔnyɛ adwuma yiye ba?
Yɛn amemene no anim fã, ``Frontal Lobe``, titiriw na ɛhwɛ saa adeyɛ yi a wɔfrɛ no Executive Function so. Enti, biribiara a ɛka amemene no nso betumi aka saa tumi ahorow yi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ saa tumi ahorow yi yɛ mmerɛw a, yɛfrɛ no Executive Dysfunction nso .
Aduruyɛ mu ntease ahorow
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama nnipa a wɔwɔ ADHD sɛ wobedi nkate so (Inhibition Control) na wɔakae nsɛm (Working Memory).
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama saa nkurɔfo yi nso wɔ asetra mu abusuabɔ ne nsakrae a wɔbɛyɛ (adwene mu nsakrae) ho.
- Amemene a ɛsɛe: Nneɛma te sɛ ti a opira fi akwanhyia mu, amemene mu akisikuru, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
- Nyarewa a ɛma obi kae ade: Saa tumi ahorow yi brɛ ase nkakrankakra bere a tebea horow te sɛ adwenemhaw ne Alzheimer yare ba.
Nneɛma a ɛde ba a ɛfa asetra kwan ho
Ɛnyɛ aduruyɛ mu ntease nko, na mmom nneɛma bi a ɛwɔ yɛn da biara da asetra mu nso ka eyi.
- Adwennwen a emu yɛ den:Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubesusuw nneɛma ho yiye na woayɛ nhyehyɛe bere a wowɔ adwennwen pii mu no, ɛnte saa?
- Ankonamyɛ: Sɛ nnipa ntam abusuabɔ so tew nso a, ebetumi ama amemene no dwumadi so atew.
- Nna a wonnya: Ɛtaa yɛ sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw bere a woada yiye da koro akyi. Nna a wɔkɔ so yɛ no betumi asɛe saa tumi ahorow yi.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wonnya: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho hia na ama nipadua ne amemene no akɔ so ayɛ yiye.
Kae sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ saa nneɛma yi. Nanso sɛ nsɛnnennen yi kɔ so ka wo da biara da asetra a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa.
So wobetumi asɔ saa tumi ahorow yi ahwɛ?
Yiw, sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ mmerɛwyɛ bi wɔ saa tumi ahorow yi mu a, wo duruyɛfo betumi de wo akɔma ntini ho ɔyaresafo bi, na obetumi asusuw saa tumi ahorow yi ho denam nhwehwɛmu ne sɔhwɛ ahorow so.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɔhwɛ bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no `(Stroop test)`. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wɔkyerɛ wo asɛmfua ‘kɔkɔɔ’ a wɔakyerɛw no ahabammono na wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ ka asɛmfua a wɔakyerɛw wɔ so no... w’amemene werɛ fi kɔla ‘ahabammono’ na ɛsɛ sɛ ɛka asɛmfua ‘kɔkɔɔ’ mmom. Eyi susuw wo Inhibition Control tumi, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛnea wubebu w’ani agu nneɛma a ɛho nhia so. Wubetumi de sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ eyi ahu nneɛma pii.
So yentumi nnya saa ahokokwaw ahorow yi?
Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ebetumi ayɛ saa! Eyi ne asɛmpa a eye sen biara. Yɛn amemene te sɛ nam a wɔayam. Dodow a yɛtete wɔn no, dodow no ara na wɔn ho yɛ den. Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so ama adwumayɛfo dwumadi ho nimdeɛ atu mpɔn.
- Kɔmputa so adwene mu ntetee: Kɔmputa so agodie ne ntetee nhyehyɛe titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛboa mmofra a wɔwɔ adesua mu dɛmdi bi ma wɔkae ade na wotumi yɛ nsakrae.
- Neurofeedback ntetee: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ amemene no asorɔkye so na wɔtete amemene no ma ɛhwɛ ne dwumadi so. Eyi da so ara wɔ nhwehwɛmu fã no mu.
- Adwene mu ntetee: Sɛ wodwennwen nneɛma ho, yoga a wobɛyɛ, anaa adwene a wode bedi dwuma no betumi aboa kɛse ma w’adwene atu mpɔn na woadi wo ho so.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Ɛnyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ara kwa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde amemene no di dwuma no betumi ama adwumayɛfo dwumadi ho nimdeɛ atu mpɔn kɛse. Nhwɛso pa ne kuw agumadi te sɛ basketball a wobɛbɔ.
Hwɛ sɛnea basketball nya saa nimdeɛ yi:
- Adwumayɛ mu Nkae:Sɛ wode bɔɔl no retwam a, ɛsɛ sɛ woma ɛtra w’adwenem, nea ɛto so abien biara, baabi a obi foforo a ɔbɔ bɔɔl wɔ wo kuw no mu no wɔ mprempren ne baabi a wɔrekɔ akyi.
- Inhibition Control: Ɛsɛ sɛ wode w’adwene si agoru no so, di ɔpɛ a wowɔ sɛ wobɛtow tuo a ɛho nhia no so, na wususuw ho sɛ wode bɔɔl no bɛma obi a ɔwɔ gyinabea pa.
- Nkate mu Nsakrae: Sɛ obiako pira na obiako a ɔbɔ bɔɔl foforo ba mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw agodini foforo no ahokokwaw ho ntɛm na wosakra sɛnea wobɔ bɔɔl no ma ɛne no hyia.
Ɛho hia nso sɛ yɛtoa ntetee yi so. Sɛ wugyae ntetee a, ebia wo tumi bɛsan akɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no wɔ bere bi akyi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Executive Function te sɛ ‘CEO’ a ɔwɔ w’amemene mu. Ɛho hia paa ma wo nkonimdi wɔ wo da biara da asetra mu.
- Nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa a ɛwɔ eyi mu ne Adwumayɛ mu Nkae, Nhumu mu Nsakrae, ne Nneɛma a Wɔde Siw Ano.
- Ayaresa mu tebea horow bi, ne adwennwen a ɛtra so, nna a wonnya, ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nso betumi ama saa tumi ahorow yi ayɛ mmerɛw.
- Wobetumi de adwene mu nneyɛe ne agodie ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛsɔ amemene no mpoa so anya saa tumi ahorow yi.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae kɛse bi wɔ wo nkae mu, sɛnea wutumi yɛ nhyehyɛe, anaa wudi wo nkate so a, ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ woremmɔ hu na wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm.
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