Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, titiriw sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo anaasɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo daa a, ebia woahu sɛ oduruyɛfo no afa afiri ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ kanea a wɔde tow kanea na wahwɛ w’ani mu, ɛnte saa? Nnipa binom susuw sɛ wɔrehwɛ sɛ w’ani tumi hu anaa. Nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a emu dɔ na ɛho hia kɛse. Ɛnyɛ sɛ sɔhwɛ yi betumi ahwɛ w’ani akwahosan nko, na mmom ɛbɛma woanya nyarewa bi a ɛwɔ wo nipadua nyinaa mu ho nsɛnkyerɛnne nso. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka sɔhwɛ yi a wɔfrɛ no Fundoscopy ho asɛm.
Dɛn ankasa ne fundoscopy?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Fundoscopy yɛ bere a wo duruyɛfo hwehwɛ w’ani akyi ɔfasu no mu. Wɔfrɛ aniwa no fã yi ‘fundus’ wɔ aduruyɛ mu. Ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ sɔhwɛ yi Fundoscopy no.
Wɔfrɛ adwinnade a wɔde yɛ eyi no aniwa a wɔde hwɛ aniwa . Ɛno nti na wɔsan frɛ nhwehwɛmu yi aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu . Eyi yɛ adwinnade ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ a ɛma nneɛma kɛse ne kanea ketewaa bi. Ebetumi ahyerɛn hann akɔ w’ani mu na ahu afã horow a ɛho hia wɔ w’aniwa mu no pefee na ama ayɛ kɛse.
Aniwa te sɛ mfɛnsere a ɛnyɛ yɛn kra nko, na mmom yɛn honam fam akwahosan nso. Fundoscopy nhwehwɛmu betumi ada nneɛma pii adi denam saa mfɛnsere no mu a wobɛhwɛ mu no so.
Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ sɔhwɛ yi.
Akwan titiriw abien na oduruyɛfo betumi afa so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Nnwinnade a wɔde di dwuma no yɛ soronko kakra.
| Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sɔ hwɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Aniwa a Wɔde Hwɛ Tẽẽ | Eyi de afiri ketewaa bi a wɔde nsa di dwuma. Oduruyɛfo no tra w’anim, de afiri no bɛn w’ani, na ɔhwɛ mu. Eyi ne ɔkwan a nnuruyɛfo taa fa so yɛ adwuma bere dodow no ara. |
| Aniwa mu Nhwehwɛmu a Ɛnyɛ Tẽẽ | Wɔ eyi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de afiri bi a wɔde hyɛ ti (a ɛte sɛ kanea a wɔde hyɛ anim) di dwuma. Nea ɛka ho no, okura ahwehwɛ foforo wɔ w’ani anim. Saa kwan yi ma wutumi hu baabi a ɛtrɛw wɔ aniwa no mu, a wɔayɛ no kɛse kɛse, na ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D). Aniwa ho animdefo taa de saa kwan yi di dwuma. |
Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ fundoscopy?
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a abu so yiye. Tebea horow bi a ebia ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ eyi ni:
- Bere a wɔreyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no nyinaa (Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu): Sɛ wokɔ kɔhwɛ wo nyinaa a, ebia oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ eyi.
- Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ mmofra oduruyɛfo nkyɛn: Eyi yɛ ade a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ bere a ɛfa mmofra nkumaa akwahosan ho nhwehwɛmu ho no.
- Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu: Ɛsɛ sɛ eyi yɛ bere a worekɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ aniwa mu haw anaa aniwa ahwehwɛ ho no.
- Ntini mu nhwehwɛmu: Saa sɔhwɛ yi ho hia yiye wɔ tebea horow a ɛfa amemene ne ntini ho no mu.
- Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa te sɛ asikreyare ne mogya mmoroso fam no: Eyi nti na nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ nyarewa yi nhwɛ wɔn ani bere ne bere mu no.
Dɛn na ɛba ansa na sɔhwɛ no aba ne bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro wɔ sɔhwɛ yi ho. Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛnyɛ yaw.
Ansa na wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no
Mpɛn pii no, ɛho renhia sɛ woyɛ ahosiesie titiriw biara. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ aniwa ayaresabea mu no, sɛ oduruyɛfo no pɛ sɛ ohu w’ani no mu yiye a, ebia wɔde aniwa mu nsu bi bɛhyɛ w’aniwa mu na ama aniwa no atrɛw.
Sɛ wode saa nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam yi di dwuma wie a, w’aniwa anim bɛyɛ kɛse, enti ebia wobɛte hann nka kakra. Ebia w’anisoadehu nso bɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra. Ebia eyi bɛkɔ so nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi.
Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ aniwa mu nsu a ɛma w’ani yɛ kɛse a, kwati sɛ wobɛka kar ama saa da no. Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, ma obi foforo nka wo ho. Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia a, ɛbɛboa w’ani nso.
Bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no
Oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tena nkongua so anaa da mpa so. Wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ yi bere a wɔama akanea a ɛwɔ dan no mu no ayɛ kusuu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi ahu w’ani no mu yiye.
Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ w’anim tẽẽ, na ɛtɔ da bi a wobetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ mmeae ahorow. Oduruyɛfo no bɛfa n’aniwa afiri no na wahwɛ w’ani mu. Eyi begye simma kakraa bi. Worente ɛyaw biara nka wɔ eyi mu.
Dɛn na sɔhwɛ yi hwɛ wɔ aniwa no mu?
Oduruyɛfo no nhwɛ w’ani mu kɛkɛ. Nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɔde n’adwene besi so titiriw:
- Retina: Eyi ne ntini a ɛte hann nka wɔ aniwa no mu. Ɛte sɛ sini a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu no. Wɔhwɛ mu sɛ ebia asɛe, mogya atu, anaa nsakrae foforo biara aba anaa.
- Optic Nerve: Eyi ne ‘haya’ a ɛde nkrasɛm fi aniwa no mu kɔ amemene no mu. Wɔhwɛ ntini yi ase (optic disc) sɛ ebia ɛho ahonhon anaasɛ ne kɔla asesa anaa.
- Mogya ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu: Sɛ wohwɛ mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu a, wubetumi anya mogya ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa tebea ho adwene.
- Asuafo mmuae: Yɛhwɛ sɛnea w’ani yɛ n’ade wɔ hann ho nso.
Dɛn na sɔhwɛ no mu aba ka?
Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara. Fundoscopy tumi da nsɛm pii adi ɛnyɛ aniwa mu nyarewa nko, na mmom nyarewa afoforo a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nso.
Fa no sɛ, ebia wo duruyɛfo no behu nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ wɔ nhwehwɛmu yi mu:
- Asikreyare: Asikreyare betumi asɛe mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no. Eyi betumi ama mogya nketenkete anaa nsu a ɛboaboa ano (exudates) apue wɔ aniwa no mu . Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi Diabetic Retinopathy .
- Mogya Nhyɛso: Mogya mmoroso betumi ama mogya ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no ayɛ teateaa, akyeakyea, na ayɛ den. Ɛtɔ da bi a, eyi nso tumi ma mogya tu.
- Intracranial Pressure a Ɛkɔ Anim: Sɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ amemene no mu kɔ soro esiane amemene no mu akisikuru, mogya a ɛtɔ, anaa biribi foforo nti a, aniwa ntini no ntini no hohoro. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi papilloedema . Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi de fundoscopy ahu eyi.
- Aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi nso tumi hu aniwa no ahwehwɛ no mununkum kodu baabi.
- Glaucoma: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi nso tumi hu sɛ aniwa ntini no asɛe esiane aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro nti.
Sɛ wowie sɔhwɛ no a, oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ohui mu akyerɛ wo. Sɛ ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a, wobetumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo, te sɛ fundus mfoninitwa (aniwa no mu mfonini a wɔbɛtwe) anaasɛ kanea a wɔapaapae mu nhwehwɛmu , na wɔahu nea ɛde ba. Nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm biara a ebia wowɔ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Fundoscopy (Ophthalmoscopy) yɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ yaw, ɛnyɛ den, nanso ɛho hia yiye.
- Ɛnyɛ w’ani akwahosan nko na eyi betumi ama woanya nsɛm a ɛho hia, na mmom asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, ne amemene mu haw ahorow bi nso.
- Nsuro sɛ oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ w’ani bere a woreyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no. Ɛho hia paa ma w’akwahosan.
- Sɛ wode aniwa mu aduru di dwuma de ma w’aniwa tuntum no yɛ kɛse a, ebia w’ani so betumi ayɛ kusuu nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi, enti kwati sɛ wobɛka kar na fa obi ka wo ho kɔ fie dwoodwoo.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa wo nhwehwɛmu anaa nea efii mu bae ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo besusuw ho.
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