So wo nso wote komayare anaa yafunu mu yaw ansa na woadidi anaa anadwo? So wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw? Ɛwom sɛ nnipa pii susuw sɛ eyinom yɛ ‘yafunu mu yare’ de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a nea ɛde eyi ba no betumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ yɛn yafunu mu. Wɔfrɛ saa mmoawa yi H. pylori. Enti, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka onii ko a saa mmoawa yi yɛ ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu no ho asɛm.
Hena ne saa H. pylori yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) yɛ mmoawa bi a wotumi tra yɛn yafunu ne yɛn dwensɔtwaa ketewaa mu. Sɛ saa mmoawa yi ka yɛn a, bere kɔ so no, efi ase sɛe yɛn yafunu mu nneɛma. Eyi betumi ama yafunu no mu ayɛ hyew, tebea a yɛfrɛ no yafunu mu yare . Afei nso, sɛ saa ɔsɛe yi kɔ so a, ebetumi ama yafunu anaa dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mu akuru a wɔfrɛ no peptic ulcers .
Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ Sri Lanka wɔ saa ɔyare yi. Nanso ɛnyɛ obiara na onya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow da adi ampa a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wonya ayaresa a ɛfata.
Bere bɛn na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ H. pylori nhwehwɛmu?
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo besusuw sɛ wowɔ H. pylori yare no na wahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mfa nkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nokware.
- Ɛyaw a ɛyɛ hyew na ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ yafunu no mfinimfini anaa atifi, titiriw bere a wɔredidi anaa anadwo.
- Sɛ wote nka sɛ ɛyaw no so retew kakra bere a woadi anaa woanom aduru a ekum asikre a wɔde sa yafunu mu yare akyi a.
- Nnipa a wɔhoro .
- Akisikuru ne ɔfe .
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ eyinom a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woanya afotu.
Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bɛn na wɔde hu H. pylori?
Akwan atitiriw anan na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wowɔ saa mmoawa yi wɔ wo nipadua mu anaa. Ɛdenam wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne wo tebea so no, wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu a ɛfata wo sen biara akyerɛ wo.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Sɛnea wɔyɛ no yɛ mmerɛw. |
|---|---|
| Ɔhome mu Sɔhwɛ | Wonom nsu titiriw bi, afei wohome gu kotoku mu na wosusuw mframa dodow a ɛwɔ mu. |
| Nsuo mu Sɔhwɛ | Wɔsɔ wo nsu mu nhwɛsode bi hwɛ sɛ ebia antigens a ɛne mmoawa no wɔ abusuabɔ anaa. |
| Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu | Wɔsɔ mogya bi hwɛ sɛ ebia protein (antibody) a nipadua no yɛ de ko tia H. pylori anaa. |
| Endoscopy a wɔde hwɛ nipadua no mu | Wɔde afiri bi a mfoninitwa afiri abata ho hyɛ menewa no ase de hwehwɛ yafunu no mu, na wɔfa ntini ketewaa bi kɔhwehwɛ mu. |
Momma yɛnka sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri kakra .
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi mu biara pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Urea Ahome Sɔhwɛ
Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na wɔde di dwuma kɛse a wobetumi de ahu H. pylori.
Nea edi kan no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ home kɔ bag a ɛte sɛ balloon mu. Afei, wɔma wo nsu titiriw bi a urea wom sɛ nom. Bɛyɛ simma 15 akyi no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ san home kɔ kotoku foforo mu bio.
Fa no sɛ, sɛ wowɔ H. pylori mmoawa wɔ wo yafunu mu a, saa mmoawa no bubu urea a ɛwɔ nsu a wonom no mu na ɛma mframa bi a wɔfrɛ no carbon dioxide ba. Afei, carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ ahome a ɛto so abien a wohome no mu no dɔɔso. Saa nkɔanim no ne adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ.
Nsu mu Antigen Nhwehwɛmu
Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔbɛma wo ade ketewaa bi a wode bɛboaboa nsu a ɛwɔ fie ano. Wɔbɛma wo akwankyerɛ a emu da hɔ wɔ sɛnea wobɛyɛ eyi ho. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so aboaboa nhwɛsode no ano na wode akɔma lab.
Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ antigen ahorow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu a ɛyɛ H. pylori mmoawa no pɔtee. Antigens te sɛ mmoawa no "akyerɛw krataa." Sɛ wɔwɔ wo nsu mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ mmoawa no wɔ wo aduan mu.
Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu
Eyi te sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ara pɛ. Woyi mogya ketewaa bi fi wo basa mu de kɔ lab.
Eyi hwehwɛ wo mogya mu hwɛ sɛ ebia protein ahorow a wɔfrɛ no antibodies a wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ atia H. pylori yare no anaa.
Nanso ade a ɛho hia ni. Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi betumi atra mogya no mu bere tiaa bi bere a ɔyare mmoawa no afi hɔ akyi. Enti, ɛyɛ den sɛ wode sɔhwɛ yi bɛkyerɛ sɛ mprempren wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa anaasɛ woanya bi pɛn na wo ho atɔ wo. Enti mfaso nni so ankasa sɛ wobehu ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ nnam mprempren.
Endoscopy ne Biopsy a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma
Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a edi mu sen biara a wɔde hu H. pylori, nanso ɛyɛ den kakra sen afoforo no.
Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, wɔbɛma wo nnuru a ɛbɛboa wo ma woada. Afei, wo duruyɛfo de afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (endoscope) bɛhyɛ wo menewam na akɔ wo yafunu ne wo dwensɔtwaa ketewaa mu. Wobetumi de mfoninitwa afiri a ɛwɔ saa afiri yi awiei no ahwɛ wo yafunu mu.
Sɛ wosusuw sɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa akuru bi wɔ hɔ a, oduruyɛfo no betumi de adwinnade ketewaa bi a ɛfa afiri no mu adi dwuma de ayi ntini ketewaa bi (biopsy) afi yafunu no fasu mu. Afei wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan bi mu kɔhwɛ sɛ H. pylori wɔ hɔ anaa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ?
Eyi ho hia paa. Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru bi nom nna kakraa bi anaa adapɛn kakraa bi. Saa nnuru yi betumi ama nhwehwɛmu no aba no nyɛ nokware (ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bere a wunni bi).
Nnuru a wɔtaa tu fo sɛ wonnyae ne:
- Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa
- Bismuth subsalicylate (nnuru bi a wɔde sa yafunu mu yare, te sɛ Pepto-Bismol®) .
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) (eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔtaa kyerɛw ma yafunu mu yare, te sɛ Omeprazole ne Esomeprazole) .
Afei nso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi (te sɛ ɔhome mu nhwehwɛmu ne endoscopy) hwehwɛ sɛ wokwati adidi anaa anom nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi.
Nanso kae sɛ, gyae w’aduru nom sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no nkutoo. Mma w’ankasa nnnyae w’aduru nom da. Di akwankyerɛ a wo nsa aka no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Dɛn na sɔhwɛ no mu aba ka?
Nea ebefi mu aba no betumi ayɛ "Positive" (+ve) anaa "Negative" (-ve).
Dɛn ne adepa (+ve) a efi mu ba?
Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ (anaasɛ woanya) H. pylori yare mmoawa.
- Sɛ wo home, wo nsu, anaa endoscopy nhwehwɛmu da adi sɛ ɛyɛ papa a , ɛkyerɛ sɛ mprempren wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ nnam . Afei wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru, a nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ka ho, de akum mmoawa no.
- Sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu da adi sɛ , ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare bi mprempren anaa bere bi a atwam. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ ho no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba a enye (-ve)?
Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wunni H. pylori yare mmoawa. Nanso, sɛ woda so ara wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo na ama woahu nea ɛde ba.
Enti, dɛn ne sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Eyi gyina wo tebea no so.
- Endoscopy a wɔde biopsy yɛ ne sɔhwɛ a edi mu sen biara , nanso ɛyɛ den kakra. Sɛ ɛho nhia sɛ wuhu wo yafunu mu a, ebia wo duruyɛfo no de wo bɛkɔ nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den kan.
- Ɔhome mu sɔhwɛ no yɛ nea edi mu sen biara wɔ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu no mu.
- Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de, nanso ɛwɔ anohyeto ahorow efisɛ entumi nkyerɛ wo pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɛyɛ nnam anaa.
Wo duruyɛfo na obesi nhwehwɛmu a eye ma wo ho gyinae. Enti ɛho nhia sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Nea ehia paa ne sɛ wubedi n’akwankyerɛ akyi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- H. pylori yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛtaa de ba a ebetumi ayɛ ade titiriw a ɛde yafunu mu yare ne yafunu mu akisi ba.
- Mma w’ani ngu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ yafunu a ɛtaa yɛ wo yaw ne yafunu a ɛyɛ den so. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
- Akwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so hu ɔyare mmoawa yi, te sɛ ɔhome mu nhwehwɛmu ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu.
- Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ne bere a woreyɛ ayaresa no, di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Mma w’ankasa mfi ase anaasɛ nnyae nnuru nom da.
- Sɛ nhwehwɛmu no si so dua sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ a, wobetumi asa tebea no koraa denam aduru pɔtee a wɔakyerɛw ama no a wɔde bedi dwuma so.
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