Sɛ yɛte asɛmfua cholesterol a, yɛn mu pii suro, ɛnte saa? Nneɛma te sɛ "Oh, misusuw sɛ ebia me srade dɔɔso anaa," "Mintumi nni aduan a srade wom," ba m'adwenem. Nanso so wunim sɛ ɛnyɛ srade ahorow nyinaa na enye mma yɛn akwahosan? Nokwarem no, srade bi wɔ hɔ a ɛboa yɛn nipadua kɛse, ɛyɛ n’ade te sɛ ‘adamfo pa’. Ɛno ne srade ‘pa’, kyerɛ sɛ, HDL, a ɛno ne nea yɛbɛka ho asɛm nnɛ.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne HDL?
HDL ntease nyinaa ne High-Density Lipoprotein . Afei, ebia saa din yi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa. Fa no sɛ wo mogya ntini ne akwan atitiriw a ɛwɔ kurow bi mu. Sɛnea kar akwanhyia ne nwura a ɛho nhia boaboa ano wɔ akwan yi so no, saa ara na srade ‘bɔne’ (LDL) nso betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu.
Ɛno na yɛn protagonist, HDL, fi adi. HDL te sɛ kurow no mu adwumayɛfo a wɔtew nneɛma ho yiye a wosiesie mmɔnten yi. Saa HDL nketenkete yi fa mogya ntini no mu, fa srade bɔne (LDL) a wɔmpɛ a ayɛ kɛse wɔ afasu no so no na ɛde kɔ mmerɛbo no mu tẽẽ. Ɛyɛ mmerɛbo no mu na wɔkɔ so yɛ saa srade bɔne yi ho adwuma na woyi fi nipadua no mu. Eyi nti na yɛfrɛ HDL ‘srade pa’ efisɛ ɛboa ma mogya ntini no ho tew.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, HDL yɛ ‘ade a ɛho tew’ wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu. Eyi srade bɔne fi hɔ na ɛbɔ yɛn koma ho ban.
Dɛn nti na HDL yɛ ‘papa’ na LDL yɛ ‘bɔne’?
Cholesterol yɛ srade bi a yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa biara hia ankasa. Nanso ɔhaw no gyina ɔkwan a saa srade yi fa mogya no mu no so. Ɛnyɛ ne nkutoo na ɛntu kwan, na mmom ɛne protein carrier molecules a wɔfrɛ no lipoproteins bom tu kwan. HDL ne LDL yɛ nneɛma abien a ɛte saa a wɔde fa nneɛma. Wɔn nnwuma yɛ soronko koraa. Momma yɛmfa pon nte eyi ase.
| Cholesterol a ɛwɔ nipadua mu no su | Adwuma no (a ɛnyɛ den) . | Nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ nipadua no so |
|---|---|---|
| HDL (srade a ɛma mogya mu srade pa) . | Ɛfa srade a ɛboro so wɔ mogya ntini mu na ɛde kɔ mmerɛbo no mu ma woyi fi hɔ. | Mogya ntini no ho tew, na ɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyarewa te sɛ komayare ne akisikuru so. |
| LDL (srade bɔne) . | Ɛgye srade a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo no mu na ɛde kɔ mogya ntini no mu. | Ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini afasu mu, na ɛyɛ teateaa. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi atherosclerosis . Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse. |
Nea ɛka ho no, HDL hwɛ yɛn mogya ntini no mu ntini (endothelium) so, na ɛmma ɛnsɛe anaasɛ ɛnsɛe. Ɛte sɛ nea wode plaster apete ɔfasu bi so, ahwɛ so, na woama ayɛ fɛ.
Wo srade ho amanneɛbɔ a wobɛte ase (Lipid Profile) .
Sɛ wɔyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu a, wɔfrɛ amanneɛbɔ a wunya no Lipid Profile. Ɛwɔ gyinapɛn ahorow pii. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
- Total Cholesterol: Eyi ne srade ahorow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu nyinaa a wɔaka abom: HDL, LDL, ne VLDL.
- LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): Eyi ne srade ‘bɔne’ no. Dodow a level no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛyɛ bɔne ma koma no.
- HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Eyi ne srade a ‘ɛyɛ papa’ no. Dodow a ɛsom bo no, dodow no ara na eye ma wo koma.
- VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoprotein): Eyi nso yɛ srade bɔne bi te sɛ LDL.
- Triglycerides: Eyi yɛ srade foforo a efi aduan a yedi mu de ka nipadua no ho. Saa bo yi a ɛkɔ soro nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wo HDL dodow yɛ dɛn?
Dodow a HDL dodow no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na eye. Mpɛn pii no, apɔwmuden dodow te sɛ nea edidi so yi:
- Nea eye sen biara a wɔde bɔ komayare ho ban: 60 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa.
- Wɔ mmarima fam no: 40 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa ma asiane no so tew.
- Wɔ mmea fam no: 50 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa ma asiane no so tew.
- Wɔ mmofra a wɔadi mfe 2-19 fam no: wobu 45 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa sɛ ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata.
Nanso, sɛ wo HDL dodow nnu 40 mg/dL (mmarima) anaa 50 mg/dL (mmea) a, ebetumi ayɛ ade a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
Dɛn na ɛde HDL dodow a ɛba fam ba?
Nneɛma pii nti na wo HDL dodow so bɛtew:
- Awosu mu tebea horow: Nnipa binom ntumi nni wɔn srade dodow so esiane awosu mu nneɛma nti. Tangier yare ne abusua mu srade a ɛkɔ soro a wɔaka abom yɛ tebea abien a ɛte saa.
- Metabolic Syndrome: Tebea ahorow a ɛyɛ akuwakuw, a asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, ne yafunu mu kɛseyɛ mmoroso ka ho, a ebetumi ama HDL dodow akɔ fam.
- Kɛse mmoroso: Nipadua mu duru a ɛkɔ soro, titiriw bere a srade akɔhyɛ yafunu no mu no betumi ama HDL dodow so atew.
- Sigaretnom ne tawanom: Nicotine a ɛwɔ tawa mu no brɛ wo srade ‘pa’ dodow ase tẽẽ.
- Nnuru bi: Nnuru bi a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso (te sɛ beta blockers) nso betumi ama HDL dodow so atew.
So HDL a ɛkɔ soro dodo nso yɛ ɔhaw?
Bere a wɔtaa bu no sɛ eye sɛ obi benya HDL a ɛkɔ soro no, wɔ nsɛm a ɛntaa nsi mu no, HDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so (e.g., ɛboro 80 mg/dL koraa) betumi ayɛ awosu mu tebea horow bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, sɛ wuhu sɛ biribi a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo srade ho amanneɛbɔ mu a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho.
Okay, enti dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ na ama HDL akɔ soro?
Sɛ wo HDL dodow sua a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama akɔ soro. Eyinom ye yiye ma w’akwahosan nyinaa.
1. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa: Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛma mframa bɔ te sɛ nantew, mmirikatu, asuguare, anaa sakre so a wobɛtra, simma 30-60 da biara, nna dodow no ara wɔ dapɛn no mu.
2. Gyae sigaretnom koraa: Eyi yɛ ade a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ. Sɛ wugyae sigaretnom pɛ a, wo HDL dodow bɛkɔ soro nkakrankakra.
3. Kura wo nipadua mu duru a ɛfata mu: Ɛnyɛ sɛ sɛ wo mu duru so tew a, ɛma HDL kɔ soro nko, na mmom ɛbɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa afoforo pii te sɛ komayare ne asikreyare nso ho.
4. Fa aduan a ahoɔden wom di dwuma: Tew nnuan a srade wom, nea wɔayam, asikre wom, ne nnuan a wodi ntɛmntɛm a wudi so sɛnea wubetumi. Mmom no, fa nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, aburow a wɔayam (awi a wɔayam, oats), mpataa, avocado, ne srade a ahoɔden wom te sɛ ngodua ngo ka w’aduan ho.
5. To nsa a wobɛnom ano hye: Sɛ wonom nsa a, yɛ saa wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so.
Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ srade nkutoo na ɛka komayare. Asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, sigaretnom, kɛseyɛ mmoroso, ne awosu mu nkɛntɛnso nyinaa di dwuma.
Nnuruyɛfo taa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, hwɛ sɛnea wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te pɛnkoro wɔ mfe anum biara mu. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ nneɛma afoforo a ɛde asiane ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- HDL yɛ srade ‘pa’ a ɛbɔ koma no ho ban denam srade ‘bɔne’ (LDL) a eyi fi hɔ na ɛnkɔ mogya ntini mu no so.
- Sɛ wo HDL dodow sua a, ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nyarewa te sɛ komayare ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no ayɛ kɛse.
- Wubetumi ama wo HDL dodow akɔ soro denam aduan pa a wubedi, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa , sigaretnom a wobɛkwati, ne wo mu duru a wobɛkɔ so akura mu no so.
- Bere nyinaa kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na woanya ntease ne afotu a edi mu sen biara wɔ wo srade ho amanneɛbɔ ne w’akwahosan ho.
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