So wo pituitary gland no yɛ adwuma boro so? (Hyperpituitarism) Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa!

So woahu nsakrae akɛse mpofirim wɔ wo nipadua mu? Ebia wo mu duru ayɛ kɛse mpofirim, w’anim asesa, anaasɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ da mũ nyinaa ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛda? Yɛn werɛ taa fi saa nneɛma yi, na yesusuw sɛ ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata. Nanso so wunim sɛ ebia nsakrae bi bɛba yɛn amemene mu ntini ketewaa bi a ɛho hia yiye no dwumadi mu. Ɛno ne nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ.

Dɛn na wɔfrɛ saa pituitary gland yi? Dɛn nti na ɛho hia saa?

Fa no sɛ wo nipadua no yɛ adwumakuw kɛse. Saa adwumakuw no panyin, ɔpanyin a ɔhwɛ biribiara so no ne pituitary gland . Eyi yɛ ntini ketewaa bi a ne kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ pea, a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene no ase, ne kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ cherry. Ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa de, nanso ɛyɛ adwuma pii. Ɛno nti na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no "master gland."

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛhwɛ sɛnea endocrine ntini afoforo a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no yɛ adwuma so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, hormone ahorow a pituitary gland no gyae na ɛhwɛ thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ne yɛn awo nhyehyɛe te sɛ ovaries anaa testes no so.

Te sɛ thermostat a ɛwɔ yɛn fie no ara pɛ. Ɛhwɛ ɔhyew a ɛwɔ fie hɔ bere nyinaa na ɛma ɔhyew no kɔ so yɛ pɛ denam AC anaa ɔhyew afiri a ɛbɛsɔ/dum no so, ɛnte saa? Saa ara nso na pituitary gland no hwɛ hormone dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so bere nyinaa na ɛde nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ ntini afoforo mu ma wɔayi hormone ahorow a ɛho hia no adi wɔ bere a ɛfata mu.

Enti dɛn ne saa hyperpituitarism yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Hyperpituitarism yɛ bere a pituitary gland a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no yɛ adwuma boro so, na ɛma hormone pii kɔ yɛn mogya mu sen sɛnea ɛho hia. Ɛte sɛ nea adwumakuw no panyin a ɔreyɛ adwuma dodo na ɔresɛe biribiara.

Mpɛn pii no, kyerɛ sɛ, bɛyɛ 99% no, nea ɛde ba no yɛ akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram (a ɛnyɛ kokoram). Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi pituitary adenoma . Saa akisikuru yi kanyan ntini no na ɛma ɛyɛ hormone pii sen sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ.

Hormone ahorow a pituitary gland no yɛ ne ne dwumadi ahorow

Pituitary gland no afã atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ. Ɔfã biara ma hormone ahorow fi adi. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ ne nea ɛto wɔn.

Nyarewa a ebetumi aba esiane pituitary gland a ɛyɛ adwuma dodo nti

Yare tebea a ɛba no gu ahorow gyina hormone a pituitary gland no yɛ boro so so. Momma yɛnhwɛ tebea atitiriw a wohu no.

• Cushing Yare: Sɛ wɔyɛ ACTH hormone no boro so a, cortisol dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no kɔ soro kɛse. Wɔfrɛ eyi Cushing’s Syndrome.
• Acromegaly: Saa tebea yi ba bere a wɔyɛ onyin hormone (GH) boro so wɔ mpanyin afe so no. Eyi ma nsa, anan, ne anim nnompe nyin kɛse wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so. Sɛ eyi ba wɔ mmofraase a, wɔfrɛ no gigantism .
• Hyperthyroidism: Sɛ wɔyɛ TSH pii (eyi ho yɛ na kakra) a, thyroid ntini no yɛ adwuma boro so na nipadua no mu nneɛma a ɛsakra no yɛ ntɛmntɛm.
• Prolactinoma: Akisikuru (adenoma) bi a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa a ɛma hormone prolactin no mu ma hormone no yɛ kɛse dodo. Eyi betumi anya awo akwahosan so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.

Dɛn ne saa nyarewa yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛba wɔ tebea horow yi mu biara mu no yɛ soronko. Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Tebea yi ka mmofra dɛn?

Hyperpituitarism ho yɛ na koraa wɔ mmofra mu. Sɛ ɛba a, mpɛn pii no, pituitary adenoma ketewaa bi na ɛde ba. Akisikuru a ɛtaa ba mmofra so ne akisikuru a ɛma prolactin (Prolactinomas).

• Wɔ mmeawa fam no: Mmabunbere a ɛkyɛ, brayɛ a egyae (amenorrhea), ne awotwaa a ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye betumi aba.
• Mmarimaa: Ɛda adi sɛ akisikuru akɛse (macroprolactinomas) bɛba. Esiane sɛ saa akisikuru yi yɛ akɛse nti, ebetumi amia ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ amemene no mu, na ɛde tiyɛ ne aniwa mu haw aba. Wobetumi de mmerantebere ne mmabaabere a ɛkyɛ ne onyin ho haw nso aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hu yare yi?

Sɛ woka wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne kyerɛ yɛn a, oduruyɛfo no bedi kan ahwɛ wo yiye. Afei, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de akyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no.

1. Mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom bɛkyerɛ sɛnea hormone dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ne ebia wo nsu mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea wo prolactin, cortisol, ne onyin hormone dodow te.

2. Mfoninitwa Scan:Sɛ wohu sɛ hormone dodow bi yɛ nea ɛnteɛ a, wɔyɛ scan de hwɛ sɛ ebia pituitary tumor bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Scan a wɔtaa de yɛ eyi ne MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan. Wɔ obi a ontumi nyɛ MRI (e.g. obi a ɔwɔ pacemaker) fam no, wobetumi ayɛ CT (Computed Tomography) scan nso.

3. Nhwehwɛmu titiriw: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu tebea horow te sɛ Cushing yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw te sɛ cortisol dodow a ɛwɔ nnompe mu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?

Saa tebea yi ho ayaresa gyina nneɛma te sɛ tebea ko a wowɔ, akisikuru no kɛse, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa so. Ayaresa atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ.

1. Nnuru a wɔde ma

Mpɛn pii no, ayaresa a edi kan ne nnuru. Wɔde nnuru yi di dwuma de:

• Hormone dodow a wɔhwɛ so.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛma akisikuru no kɛse so tew.
• Nnuru yɛ adwuma yiye, titiriw wɔ prolactinoma ho. Nnipa bɛboro 80% san kɔ hormone dodow a ɛfata mu.

2. Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ

Sɛ nnuru ntumi nni akisikuru no so, anaasɛ akisikuru no ayɛ kɛse araa ma ɛka aniwa a, ade a edi hɔ ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn ayi akisikuru no afi hɔ.

• Wɔfrɛ oprehyɛn a wɔtaa yɛ sen biara no transsphenoidal adenomectomy . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔbɛtwa ketewaa bi afa hwene no mu anaa anofafa a ɛwɔ soro no mu de adu pituitary gland no ho na wɔayi akisikuru no afi hɔ a ɛnsɛe amemene no.
• Sɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw na ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi a, nkonimdi boro 80%.

3. Mframa a Wɔde Yɛ Ayaresa

Sɛ akisikuru no fã bi da so ara wɔ oprehyɛn akyi, anaasɛ sɛ oprehyɛn no ntumi nyɛ yiye a, wɔde mframa a wɔde sa yare di dwuma.

• Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde mframa a ahoɔden wom kɛse bɛto akisikuru no so na wɔasɛe saa nkwammoaa no.
• Nnɛyi akwan te sɛ stereotactic therapy betumi atew ɔsɛe a ɛba ntini a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden a atwa ho ahyia no so kɛse.

So ebetumi aba sɛ obi benya apɔwmuden wɔ tebea yi mu?

Yiw, koraa. Wobetumi de nnuru ne ayaresa afoforo adi tebea dodow no ara a hyperpituitarism de ba no ho dwuma yiye. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ara pɛ na woadi ayaresa a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Tebea horow bi betumi ahwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nnuru di dwuma bere tenten anaasɛ nnuruyɛfo hwɛ wɔn so. Nanso, sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye a, nnipa dodow no ara betumi atra ase wɔ apɔwmuden, anigye, ne asetra a ɛfata mu.