So wo nsateaa nkwaa ayɛ kɛse na wo nnadewa asesa? Momma yensua saa Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy yi ho ade!

So woahyɛ no nsow pɛn sɛ wo nsateaa ano anaa wo nansoaa yɛ akɛse soronko, na wo nnadewa abɔ fam anaasɛ ɛwɔ nsusuwii a ɛyɛ nwonwa? Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛmfa yɛn adwene nsi eyinom so kɛse. Nanso, sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy’ ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ HOA tiawa. Tebea no ankasa nyɛ nea asiane wom saa, na mmom tebea afoforo a ɛhyɛ ase a ɛde ba no betumi ahia ayaresa. Enti, momma yɛnka HOA yi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri na yɛnsua pii.

Dɛn ne nnompe mu yare a ɛkɔ soro (HOA)?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) yɛ tebea a ɛma wo nsateaa anaa wo nansoaa ano hohoro na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa (ɛyɛ kurukuruwa) na ɛsakra wo nnadewa. Obi a ɔwɔ HOA betumi:

• Nsateaa anaa nansoaa ano yɛ kɛse na ɛho ahonhon .
• Wɔkotow nnadewa no na ɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kurukuruwa, te sɛ nea wɔatwe akɔ soro.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a HOA betumi afi ase wɔ mmofraase anaa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, ebetumi nso anya nkɔso wɔ wɔn nkwa nna a edi akyiri mu. Ɛwom sɛ HOA ankasa nyɛ asiane de, nanso sɛ tebea bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde ba a, ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa.

Dɛn ne eyi ahorow atitiriw?

HOA ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

1. Primary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (PHO): Saa ɔkwan yi fi awosu mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobetumi anya afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra hɔ.

2. Secondary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (SHO): Saa ɔkwan yi fi tebea horow a enni sabea te sɛ komayare ne ahurututu mu yare. Saa tebea horow yi taa ma oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so tew.

Hena na ɛda adi sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?

Nokwarem no, obiara, a ɔbarima anaa ɔbea anaa abusuakuw a ofi mu mfa ho, betumi anya saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.

Nanso, HOA titiriw (PHO) taa pue wɔ nkwa afe a edi kan mu anaasɛ wɔ mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu. PHO:

• Ɛtaa ba abibifo mu kɛse.
• Ɛtaa ba mmarima so.

HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) yɛ tebea a wɔtaa hu wɔ nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 55 kosi 75 mu.

Tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Nhwehwɛmufo ntumi nka nnipa dodow pɔtee a wɔwɔ HOA. Nanso wonim sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ HOA no mu 95% kosi 97% na wɔwɔ ɔkwan a ɛto so abien (SHO) . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nnipa dodow no ara nya nsateaa mu nsakrae yi esiane tebea foforo bi nti.

Dɛn nti na wɔrehyehyɛ saa HOA yi? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛde eyi ba.

Ntease ahorow a enti ɛsɛ sɛ wonya HOA titiriw (PHO) .

Eyi fi awosu mu nsakrae a ɛwɔ awo mu . Ebia abofra no benya awosu mu nsakrae yi afi ɛna no, agya no, anaa wɔn baanu nyinaa hɔ.

Nea enti a wɔyɛ HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) .

Nea ɛde HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) ba titiriw ne ahurututu mu yare . Sɛ ahurututu mu yare na ɛde tebea yi ba a, wɔfrɛ no Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy (HPOA) .

Ahurututu mu yare titiriw a ebetumi de HPOA aba ne ahurututu mu kokoram , titiriw ahurututu mu kokoram a ɛnyɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete . Bio nso, ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo a ebetumi de HPOA aba no bi ne:

• Nhama a ɛnyɛ hu a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu
• Ahurututu mu nyarewa a enni sabea
• Cystic Fibrosis (awosu mu yare a ɛka ɔhome nhyehyɛe) .
• Mesothelioma (kokoram a ɛba ahurututu no mu) .
• Kokoram a atrɛw afi mmeae afoforo na ɛka ahurututu (Metastatic lung disease) .
• Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (mogya ntini a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so) .
• Ahurututu mu Nsanyare
• Sarcoidosis (nkwaboaa akuwakuw wɔ nipadua no afã horow) .

Nneɛma afoforo wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aka HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO):

• Mmɛn, bile, ne akisikuru mu nyarewa (hepatobiliary tebea horow):
• Biliary Atresia (Bile Duct a Ɛsiw Mmofra Nketewa) .
• Kokoram
• Cirrhosis a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu
• Biliary Cholangitis a Ɛho Hia
• Wilson yare (kɔbere a ɛboaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu) .
• Koma mu nyarewa:
• Atrial myxoma (akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a ɛba koma no mu) .
• Cyanotic Heart Disease (komayare a ɛma oxygen a ɛwɔ mogya mu no so tew) .
• Ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba koma no mu (Infective Endocarditis) .
• Yafunu mu tebea horow:
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so
• Achalasia (ɔhaw a ɛba sɛnea ɛwo ntini no yɛ adwuma ho) .
• Kokoram
• Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (nnyin nketenkete a ɛba dwensɔtwaa kɛse no mu) .
• Yare a Ɛma Ɔyare a Ɛyɛ Ɔhyew

Nea ɛka eyi ho no, tebea afoforo pii betumi ama SHO:

• Celiac Yare (gluten ho akisikuru) .
• Nyarewa a ɛba dwensɔtwaa mu te sɛ akisikuru
• Graves Yare (hyperthyroidism) .
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ɛboro so
• Myelofibrosis (yare a ɛba nnompe mu ntini mu) .
• POEMS syndrome a ɛyɛ yare no
• Thymoma (akisikuru a ɛwɔ thymus ntini mu) .

Fa no sɛ, obi a wunim no akɔfefe kakra na ne nsateaa asesa saa, na bere a wɔkɔɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akyi nkutoo na wohui sɛ ɛyɛ ahurututu mu haw. Enti ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye.

Dɛn ne HOA ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

HOA ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nsateaa anaa nansoaa a ɛbɛbɔ anaasɛ ɛho ahonhon. Eyi taa ka nipadua no afã abien no nyinaa pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ebia wubehu nneɛma te sɛ:

• Nsateaa anaa nansoaa ano ahonhon na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa .
• Nwi a ɛwɔ nkwaa a ɛbɛn nsateaa ano no reyera.
• Nnadewa no akɔ fam na ɛte sɛ nea ɛrehuruhuruw.
• Wora a ɛwɔ nnadewa no ase no hyerɛn na ɛyɛ teateaa .
• Nnadewa bɛyɛ mmerɛw .
• Nsateaa anaa nansoaa ano yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ hyew .

HOA nneɛma afoforo a ebia wubehu ne:

• Ntini a ɛma ntini no yɛ kɛse. Eyi betumi de tebea horow te sɛ akisikuru, fifiri a ɛboro so (hyperhidrosis), aniwa a ɛwɔ soro a ɛkɔ fam (aniwa atifi ptosis), ne seborrheic dermatitis aba.
• Periostitis yɛ ntini a ɛkata nnompe so no a ɛyɛ hyew. Eyi betumi ama anan, nsateaa, anaa nkotodwe ayɛ yaw.
• Nan no mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no a ɛho ahonhon (non-pitting edema).
• Nnompe a ɛyɛ den wɔ anan ne nsateaa mu.
• Wora a ɛyɛ den (Pachydermia). Anim ne ti nhwi ho were betumi ayɛ mmerɛw na ayɛ mmerɛw a emu dɔ.

Dɛn ne su titiriw a ɛwɔ HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) mu?

Wɔ HOA ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm akyi no, nnipa a wɔwɔ HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) nso betumi anya nkwaa mu nsu a ɛtɔ . Eyi ne bere a nsu a ɛboro so boaboa ano wɔ ntini a ɛwɔ nkwaa no mu ne nea atwa ho ahyia no mu. Nkwaa mu nsu a ɛtɔ betumi ama:

• Yeaw
• Kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ
• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den
• Rehono

Wɔtaa hu nkwaa a ɛho ahonhon a ɛbata SHO ho kɛse wɔ nkotodwe ne nsateaa mu .

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi? Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na nnuruyɛfo yɛ?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ade a edi kan a wɔbɛyɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ ebia wɔde nnua abɔ wo nsateaa anaa wo nansoaa ano anaa. Nea ɛka ho no, wɔbɛhwehwɛ nea edidi so yi nso bere a wɔreyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu no:

• So anim no ayɛ mmerɛw?
• So wo nan ho ahonhon?
• So ɛyaw wɔ hɔ bere a womia wo nansoaa, wo nkotodwe, anaa wo nsateaa so no?
• So nnompe a ɛwɔ anan ne nsateaa mu no reyɛ den?

Sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no HOA wɔ hɔ a, obetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii, te sɛ:

• Lovibond ne profile sign:Sɛ wohwɛ wo nsateaa no fi nkyɛn a, mpɛn pii no wubehu anim a ɛtrɛw a ɛte sɛ "V" a nnadewa mprɛte no hyia honam ani mpopaho a ɛwɔ nnadewa no ase (proximal nail fold). Sɛ wowɔ HOA a, wo nnadewa no kotow kɔ fam, na ɛma saa anim yi yɛ kɛse. Wɔ nnadewa a ɛteɛ mu no, saa anim yi yɛ digrii 160 anaa nea ennu saa. Wɔ nnadewa a wɔde nhama ayɛ mu no, ɛyɛ digrii 180 anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Phalangeal depth ratio: Wowɔ nnompe abiɛsa (phalanges) wɔ nsateaa biara mu. Dompe a ɛkura nnadewa no (distal phalange) no taa yɛ tiaa sen dompe a ɛbɛn no (middle phalange). Sɛ wowɔ HOA a, wo mfinimfini phalange no yɛ tiaa sen wo distal phalange.
• Schamroth sɛnkyerɛnne: Fa wo nsateaa a wode kyerɛ ade no nnadewa no bom. Hwehwɛ kwan (mfɛnsere) a ɛte sɛ daimond wɔ nnadewa no ase ne nnadewa no ntini ntam. Sɛ nsonsonoe biara nni hɔ a, ɛda adi sɛ wowɔ HOA.

Sɔhwɛ afoforo a wɔde hu HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) .

Sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo a ɛda adi na ɛde HOA no reba a, obetumi ahyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo pii:

• Angiography (mogya ntini mu nhwehwɛmu) .
• Mogya mu mframa a ɛwɔ ntini mu nhwehwɛmu
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
• Nnompe mu nhwehwɛmu
• Koko so X-ray a wɔyɛ
• CT mfonini (Computed Tomography scan) anaa ultrasound mfonini (Ultrasound) .
• Echocardiogram anaa Electrocardiogram (EKG) .
• MRI Scan (MRI - Mfonini a Wɔde Di Dwuma) .
• Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho sɔhwɛ

Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu nea ɛde wo HOA no ba. Sɛ scan kyerɛ sɛ nyini a ɛnteɛ (te sɛ akisikuru) a, wo duruyɛfo nso betumi ahyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔnyɛ biopsy (wɔfa nkwammoaa bi na wɔnsɔ hwɛ). Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu nea ɛde onyin no ba ankasa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa eyi?

Ɛsono akwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina HOA ko a ɛwɔ so no so.

HOA titiriw (PHO) a wɔde sa yare .

Sɛ wo nni ɛyaw anaasɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu nyɛ den a, ebia worenhia ayaresa titiriw biara wɔ HOA titiriw (PHO) ho. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ebia wubetumi de nnuru te sɛ:

• Nnuru a ɛnyɛ steroid a wɔde ko tia ɔyare mmoawa (NSAIDs) .
• Nnuru a esiw COX-2 ano
• Bisphosphonates a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
• Octreotide a wɔde yɛ aduru

HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) a wɔsa .

Sɛ wɔresa HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) a, ade titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛsa nea ɛde ba no . Ebia ayaresa no bi ne:

• Aduru a ekum mmoawa a wɔde sa nsamanwaw
• Nnuru a wɔde sa ahurututu mu kokoram
• mmerɛbo a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu anaasɛ mmerɛbo a wɔde ma obi foforo ma mmerɛbo mu yare
• Ahurututu a wɔde si ananmu oprehyɛn ma cystic fibrosis
• Radiofrequency ablation a wɔde yi ahurututu mu akisikuru (a wɔde ɔhyew di dwuma de sɛe akisikuru) .
• Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ ma komayare anaa ahurututu mu kokoram

Sɛ wɔantumi asa tebea a ɛde SHO no ba no a, oduruyɛfo no betumi akyerɛ nnuru a wɔde bedi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na obi ho atɔ no wɔ ayaresa mu?

Eyi gyina HOA ko a wowɔ, sɛnea tebea no mu yɛ den, ne ayaresa a wonya so ankasa. Sɛ wɔsa tebea a ɛde ba no wie a, ebia akuturuku a wɔde bɔ obi no befi hɔ ntɛmntɛm.

So biribi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew eyi a ɛba no so?

HOA (PHO) ho asiane titiriw

Esiane sɛ PHO yɛ awosu mu nneɛma nti, biribiara nni hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew ne hyehyɛ so.

HOA (SHO) ho asiane a ɛto so abien

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya SHO no so atew no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wodi asetra a ahoɔden wom akyi . Eyi ho hia titiriw sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya komayare anaa ahurututu mu yare a. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Mu duru a ɛfata a wobɛkɔ so akura mu.
• Aduan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden a wobedi.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa.
• Nsa ne nnubɔne a wɔde di dwuma ano hye.
• Sigaretnom a wobegyae. Eyi ho hia yiye, efisɛ sigaretnom yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde ahurututu mu nyarewa pii ba.
• Adwennwen a wɔbɛtew so.

Dɛn na daakye bɛyɛ ama obi a ɔwɔ HOA?

Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ HOA titiriw (PHO) fam no .

Ebia PHO ankasa begyae sɛ ɛbɛsɛe. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ mmerantebere ne mmabaabere akyi no, ebetumi ayɛ yiye koraa mpo.

Wɔ obi a ɔwɔ HOA a ɛto so abien (SHO) fam no .

Sɛ wɔsa nea ɛde ba no yiye a, wobetumi asa tebea no koraa. Nanso, sɛ wɔantumi ansa nea ɛde ba no yiye (sɛ nhwɛso no, kokoram a emu yɛ den) a, tebea no betumi akɔ so atra hɔ.

Sɛ HOA tebea no kyɛ a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ HOA tebea no akɔ so akyɛ a, ebia wubehyia nneɛma te sɛ:

• Sɛnea nkwaa no tumi keka ne ho a ɛyera
• Nnompe mu yare (nkwaa mu yaw) .
• Yeaw

Nanso kae sɛ wobetumi adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi pii so denam ayaresa a ɛfata so .

Sɛ HOA wɔ hɔ a, wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ wo ho?

Sɛ wowɔ HOA a, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ so anom ayaresa a wɔde ma wo no de adi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ saa nneɛma yi ho:

• Bere a wɔasa no yare akyiSɛ clubbing ho sɛnkyerɛnne san ba a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Eyi betumi akyerɛ sɛ tebea a ɛde ba no asan aba bio.
• Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma bɔne a efi ayaresa mu ba ho dadwen a .
• Sɛ wonhu nkɔso biara ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔasa no yare bere tiaa bi a.

Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ wo ayaresa afoforo a ɛfata wo.

Nsɛm a Wɔaboaboa Ano: Nneɛma a Ɛsɛ sɛ Wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, momma yɛnkae nea yɛaka ho asɛm no tiawa.

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) yɛ tebea a ɛma nsateaa ano hohoro na nnadewa no yɛ mmerɛw. Ebetumi ayɛ nea edi kan (awosu) anaa nea ɛto so abien (a yare foforo na ɛde ba). Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde HOA a ɛto so abien ba ne ahurututu ne komayare.

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne: Nsateaa ano a ɛho ahonhon, nansoaa nnadewa a enyin, nkwaa mu yaw, ne honam ani a ɛyɛ den.
• Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ: Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu, sɔhwɛ titiriw (Lovibond, Shamroth nkontaahyɛde), ne scan a wɔde hwehwɛ nea ɛde ba.
• Ayaresa: Wɔ PHO ho no, wɔde nnuru ma sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te. Wɔ SHO fam no, ade titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛsa yare a ɛde ba no.
• Nea ɛho hia sen biara: Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo nsateaa mu a, mmu w’ani ngu so na hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu. Efisɛ, bere a HOA nyɛ asiane no, yare a ɛda adi a ɛde ba no betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ wubehu sɛ mfaso wɔ saa nsɛm yi so. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy, nsateaa a ɛho ahonhon, nnadewa a ɛsakra, PHO, SHO, ahurututu mu yare, komayare, nkwaa mu yaw, clubbing