Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa mogya mu mframa pa a ɛba fam (Hypoxemia) ho!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw, wo moma so yɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ w’adwene tu fra bere a woakɔ akyirikyiri mpo no? Anaasɛ wo ti yɛ wo yaw mpɛn pii? Ade biako nti a ɛde eyi ba no betumi ayɛ oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu a ɛso tew. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi hypoxemia . Esiane sɛ eyi betumi ayɛ tebea a emu yɛ den nti, momma yɛnkɔ n’asɛm no ase tiawa na emu nna hɔ.

Okay, dɛn ne Hypoxemia yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Hypoxemia yɛ tebea a ɛma wo mogya mu oxygen sua sen sɛnea ɛfata. Oxygen ho hia na ama nkwammoaa ne akwaa biara a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu atumi ayɛ adwuma yiye, te sɛ nea kar hia pɛtro na ama atumi ayɛ adwuma no.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. Sɛ yɛhome a, mframa pa a ɛwɔ mframa mu no kɔ yɛn ahurututu mu. Mframa kotoku nketenkete bi a wɔfrɛ no alveoli wɔ ahurututu no mu. Mogya ntini a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye (capillaries) atwa mframa kotoku yi ho ahyia. Sɛ yɛhome a, mframa pa a ɛkɔ ahurututu mu no fa mframa nkotoku yi mu kɔ mogya ntini no mu. Afei mogya no fa mframa pa yi na ɛkyekyɛ kɔ ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa mu.

Hypoxemia ba bere a biribi asɛe wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no. Sɛ́ ebia wuntumi nhome mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso , anaasɛ mframa pa a wohome no ntumi nkɔ wo mogya mu yiye . Eyi nti na nnipa a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu yare ne komayare no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya saa tebea yi no.

So Hypoxemia ne Hypoxia yɛ nneɛma abien a ɛsono emu biara?

Yiw, ɛwom sɛ nnipa pii ma nsɛmfua abien yi yɛ basaa de, nanso nsonsonoe kakra wɔ mu. Ɛho hia sɛ wuhu saa.

• Hypoxemia yɛ oxygen dodow a ɛso tew wɔ mogya mu .
• Hypoxia yɛ oxygen dodow a ɛkɔ nipadua no ntini mu a ɛso tew .

Susuw mogya ho sɛ ‘lɔre a wɔde nneɛma kɔma’ a ɛde mframa pa kɔ. Ntini yɛ ‘adetɔfo’ a wɔretwɛn oxygen. Hypoxemia yɛ bere a lɔre no mu nneɛma (oxygen) sua. Enti, Hypoxia yɛ bere a adetɔfo no nsa anka nneɛma no. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ oxygen a ɛwɔ mogya no mu sua (Hypoxemia) a, ntini ahorow no nso nni oxygen (Hypoxia). Nanso ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛba saa.

Dɛn ne tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Hypoxemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina sɛnea emu yɛ den ne nea ɛde ba so. Wɔabobɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a ɛtaa ba wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no mu.

Dɛn nti na eyi ba? Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde hypoxemia ba?

Ntease pii betumi ama eyi aba. Nea enti titiriw ne aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛda adi a ɛka ɔhome anaa mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wokɔ beae a ɛkorɔn, te sɛ beae a mmepɔw wɔ a, tebea yi betumi aba bere tiaa bi esiane mframa pa a enni nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu nti.

Aduruyɛ mu tebea atitiriw a ebetumi ama mogya mu mogya a ɛba nipadua mu no ayɛ kɛse no bi wɔ ase ha.

• Akisikuru
• Ahurututu mu yare
• COPD (Ahurututu mu Yare a Ɛnkɔ Anim) .
• Koma a Ɛyɛ Den a Ɛyɛ Den
• Ahurututu mu Nkwammoaa a Ɛyɛ Fɛ
• Ahurututu mu Edema
• Dae mu ahomegye a ɛyɛ den
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu
• Koma mu Mfomso a Wɔde Awo Wɔn
• Ɔhome mu nyarewa a emu yɛ den te sɛ COVID-19

5 akwan titiriw a ɛma oxygen so tew

Sɛ yɛhwɛ aduruyɛ mu a, akwan titiriw 5 na ɛma oxygen nni mogya no mu. Eyinom yɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra, nanso momma yɛmma ɛnyɛ mmerɛw.

1. 1. Nnipa a wɔte saa.Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q) Mismatch: Fa ahurututu no sɛ bɔs gyinabea. Mframa (oxygen) ne akwantufo no. Mogya ne bɔs no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a akwantufo ahyɛ gyinabea hɔ ma, nanso bɔs biara nni hɔ (mogya a ɛkɔ fam). Anaasɛ bɔs pii wɔ hɔ, nanso akwantufo nni hɔ (mframa a ɛba fam). Wɔfrɛ saa mframa a ɛsen ne mogya a ɛsen ntam a ɛnhyia yi V/Q a ɛnhyia.

2. Diffusion Impairment: Afei fa no sɛ akwantufo (oxygen) no wɔ gyinabea hɔ, na bɔs (mogya) no retu. Nanso akwanside bi wɔ hɔ ma akwantufo no sɛ wɔbɛforo bɔs no. Eyi ne akwanside a ɛma oxygen a efi ahurututu mu kɔ mogya no mu no . Eyi betumi aba esiane nneɛma te sɛ ahurututu no afasu a ɛyɛ den nti.

3. Hypoventilation: Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a , home brɛoo anaasɛ wonhome nkɔ akyiri , a ɛma oxygen a ɛdɔɔso nkɔ ahurututu no mu.

4. Oxygen a Ɛba Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia: Eyi da adi pefee. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a yɛte mu no sua , sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ yɛkɔ bepɔw bi atifi a, yɛrentumi nnye mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso.

5. Nifa-kɔ Benkum Shunting: Yɛn koma no wɔ mogya a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛwom (mogya bruu) wɔ nifa so na mogya a oxygen pii wom (mogya kɔkɔɔ) wɔ benkum so. Saa abien yi nfrafra. Nanso wɔ komayare ahorow bi mu no, sɛ́ anka ɛbɛkɔ ahurututu mu akɔgye mframa pa no, mogya a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛwom no bi huruw kɔ benkum so tẽẽ na ɛkɔ nipadua no mu . Eyi nso yɛ ade a ɛde Hypoxemia ba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ oduruyɛfo no tie wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne wie a, ɔbɛhwɛ wo. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne wo koma ne w’ahurututu a wubetie, wo honam ani kɔla a wobɛhwɛ, na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu oxygen dodow a wowɔ.

• Pulse Oximetry: Ebia woahu eyi. Ɛyɛ afiri a ɛkyekyere wo nsateaa so na ɛsusuw oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mu. Ɛnyɛ yaw na ɛnyɛ den yiye. Ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden no koma bɔ yɛ 95% anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Nhwehwɛmu: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a edi mu sen biara. Wɔfa mogya ketewaa bi fi ntini bi a ɛwɔ nsateaa mu, nsateaa a ɛyɛ kronkron, anaa asen mu, na wɔsusuw oxygen, carbon dioxide, ne acidity (pH) dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu.
• Simma Nsia Nantew Sɔhwɛ (6MWT): Sɔhwɛ a ɛkyerɛ baabi a wubetumi anantew wɔ asase a ɛso yɛ toro so wɔ simma 6 mu, ne sɛnea wo oxygen dodow sesa bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Ade titiriw bere a wɔresa hypoxemia ne sɛ wɔbɛsa nea ɛde ba no . Nea ɛka ho no, wɔde ayaresa nso di dwuma na ama mframa pa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no asan ayɛ nea ɛfata ntɛmntɛm.

Akwan pii a wɔfa so sa yare:

• Oxygen: Wɔnam hwene mu kankyee anaa akataso so ma oxygen. Wɔkyerɛw nnipa binom nnuru a ɛma oxygen a wobetumi de adi dwuma wɔ fie.
• Nnuru a wɔde home: Wɔma nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu anaa COPD nnuru a ɛma mframa kwan no trɛw (bronchodilators) anaasɛ ɛtew ɔfe so (steroids).
• CPAP mfiri: Wɔde saa afiri yi ma nnipa a wɔyare nna mu ahomegye sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma anadwo.
• Mframa a Wɔde Ma: Sɛ ɔyarefo no tebea no mu yɛ den yiye, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ den ma n’ankasa sɛ ɔbɛhome a, wɔde bata afiri a wɔde home (ventilator) a wɔayɛ wɔ ayaresabea hɔ a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen no ho.
• Nnuru afoforo: Sɛ nsu ahyɛ ahurututu no ma a, wɔma nnuru (diuretics) de yi nsu a ɛboro so no fi hɔ.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ na ama oxygen dodow a eye?

Sɛ wowɔ komayare anaa ahurututu mu yare a, saa nneɛma yi ho hia na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya hypoxemia no so atew.

• Di wo tebea no ho dwuma yiye: Fa nnuru ne afiri a wɔde home a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no di dwuma wɔ bere ano. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ ayaresabea ahorow.
• Kwati sigaretnom koraa: Sigaretnom pira ahurututu no kɛse. Sigaretnom a wubegyae no bɛboa ma oxygen dodow akɔ soro.
• Yɛ ahomegye apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Bisa wo duruyɛfo nneɛma te sɛ ahome a emu dɔ ne mfiri te sɛ Incentive Spirometer a wode bedi dwuma ho asɛm.
• Hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo: Sɛ wo home yɛ tiaa foforo anaasɛ wo koko mu yɛ wo yaw a, mmu w’ani ngu so.
• Hwɛ yiye bere a worekɔ mmeae a ɛkorɔn no: Sɛ wowɔ koma anaa ahurututu mu yare bi a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa na nya afotu a ɛho hia ansa na woatu kwan akɔ beae a mmepɔw wɔ.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea yebetumi? (Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ETU)

Hypoxemia yɛ tebea a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a edidi so yi mu biara a, kɔ ayaresabea Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.

• Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa a emu yɛ den mpofirim.
• Anofafa, nsateaa nnadewa, anaa honam ani kɔla a ɛsakra bruu (Cyanosis).
• Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, basabasayɛ, anaa adwene a ɛyera.
• Sɛ wowɔ yare bi dedaw a, ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba no betumi asɛe mpofirim.