So saa mmoawa yi de ɔhaw reba w’ahurututu mu? Momma yensua (MAC Lung Disease) ho ade pɛpɛɛpɛ!

So ɛtɔ da bi a wote nka sɛ woabrɛ a ntease biara nnim, anaasɛ wofefe a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ? Ɛwom sɛ yɛmfa yɛn adwene nsi nneɛma nketenkete a ɛte saa so kɛse wɔ yɛn da biara da asetra mu de, nanso ebia ntease ahorow bi wɔ akyi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛdwen ho kakra. Wiɛ, ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yare bi a mmoawa kuw titiriw bi a ebetumi aka yɛn ahurututu na ɛde ba ho asɛm. Wɔfrɛ eyi MAC Ahurututu Yare .

Dɛn ne MAC ahurututu mu yare?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, MAC ahurututu mu yare yɛ ɔyare mmoawa kuw bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) na ɛde ba yɛn ahurututu mu. Nokwarem no, saa mmoawa yi atwa yɛn ho ahyia bere nyinaa, wɔ mfutuma, dɔte, ne nsu mu. Ɛwom mpo sɛ saa mmoawa yi hyɛn nipadua no mu bere a yɛhome anaa yɛmene biribi de, nanso nnipa dodow no ara nnyare. Nanso, wɔ nnipa binom fam, titiriw wɔn a wɔwɔ mmerɛwyɛ ahorow bi wɔ wɔn ahurututu mu dedaw anaa wɔn a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no sua fam no, sɛ saa MAC mmoawa yi hyɛn ɔhome mu a, ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den betumi anya. Saa ɔyare mmoawa yi ma ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome. Sɛ wohu sɛ yare no akyiri a, ebetumi ayɛ den kakra nso sɛ wɔbɛsa. Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ saa MAC ahurututu mu yareɛ yi nyɛ yareɛ a ɛbɛtumi afiri onipa mu akɔ onipa foforɔ mu.

MAC mmoawa no te dɛn?

MAC mmoawa yɛ mmoawa abusua kɛse bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) mufo . NTM ahorow bɛyɛ 200 na ɛwɔ hɔ. MAC mmoawa na ɛde NTM yareɛ bɛyɛ 80% ba ahurututu mu wɔ aman te sɛ United States.

Susuw ho hwɛ, saa NTM yareɛ yi nte sɛ Tuberculosis (TB) a yɛn nyinaa nim no. Nsamanwaw yɛ yare a ɛtrɛw fi onipa biako so kɔ foforo so na ebetumi abɛyɛ nea emu yɛ den ntɛm. Mmoawa a wɔde ba nso yɛ soronko, wɔfrɛ no `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)`.

Mycobacteria ahorow pii wɔ MAC kuw no mu, nanso sɛnea wɔsa yare no ne sɛnea wɔhwɛ so no fã kɛse no ara yɛ pɛ.

MAC ahurututu mu yare abu so dɛn?

Nnipa bɛboro 86,000 na wɔwɔ NTM yare no wɔ United States nkutoo. MAC ahurututu mu yareɛ na ɛtaa ba, ɛyɛ bɛyɛ 80% wɔ NTM yareɛ mu. NTM ahurututu mu ayarefo dodow akɔ soro bere nyinaa wɔ mfe aduonu a atwam no mu , na abenfo ka sɛ saa su yi bɛkɔ so.

MAC nyarewa ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ MAC nyarewa mu ayɛ no ahorow atitiriw pii:

• Ahurututu mu MAC nyarewa: Eyinom ne nea ɛka yɛn ahurututu ne yɛn home nhyehyɛe tẽẽ.
• MAC yareɛ a ɛtrɛw: Eyinom yɛ nyarewa a ɛnam mogya mu trɛw kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu . Wɔtaa hu wɔn wɔ nnipa a tebea horow te sɛ AIDS ama wɔn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa ayɛ mmerɛw kɛse no mu .
• MAC-a ɛne lymphadenitis wɔ abusuabɔ:Eyi ka mmofra a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden titiriw. Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ɛwɔ mmeae te sɛ kɔn mu no hohoro.

MAC ahurututu mu yare atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ...

MAC ahurututu mu yare atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a yehu:

1. Nodular bronchiectasis: Eyi ne bere a ɔyare no ba mframa kwan nketewa ne mframa kotoku a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛte sɛ ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ ahurututu no so bere a wɔhwehwɛ mu no. Saa ntini ahorow yi tumi nyin kɛse paa. Saa ɔyare mmoawa a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ yi de tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no bronchiectasis ba . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mframa kwan no trɛw a wontumi nsakra no, te sɛ rɔba afiri dedaw bi a wɔatrɛw mu. Eyi ma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa ɔyare mmoawa na ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya ɔyare mmoawa foforo no yɛ kɛse. Wɔtaa hu saa ɔkwan yi wɔ mmea a wɔn mfe akɔ anim, wɔyɛ teateaa, na wɔnnom sigaret mu. Sɛ wɔansa a, tebea horow te sɛ ahurututu mu yare ne ahurututu mu yare betumi aba.

2. Fibrocavitary yare: Eyi ne MAC ahurututu mu yare a emu yɛ den sen biara. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm. Sɛ ɔyare no ma ntokuru (cavities) ba ahurututu mu ntini no mu a, ɔyare no mu dɔ yiye na ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa. Saa tebea yi taa ba wɔn a wɔnom sigaret anaa nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ emphysema mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na MAC ahurututu mu yare ba?

Yɛaka sɛnea wohu MAC mmoawa fi awosu mu wɔ asase ne nsu mu ho asɛm dedaw. Sɛ yetutu dɔte na yɛkanyan mfutuma a, saa mmoawa yi tumi fi mframa mu na sɛ yɛhome a, etumi hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu. Ebia nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mfuw mu na wɔtaa ne asase di nkitaho no betumi anya MAC mmoawa asen afoforo. Afei nso, saa mmoawa yi wɔ nsu mu, na ebetumi aba nsu a yɛde di dwuma wɔ fie no mu. Chlorine, nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa, ne ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a wɔma nsu no yɛ hyew no nkum mmoawa yi. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu kakra, nanso mmoawa yi npira nnipa dodow no ara. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ yɛn nyinaa nya NTM mmoawa da biara, nanso nnipa dodow no ara nnya ɔyare mmoawa.

Nanso, wɔ nnipa kakraa bi a wɔwɔ asiane ahorow bi mu no, mmoawa no tumi tu kwan kɔ ahurututu mu na enyin brɛoo paa, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mfe pii. Saa MAC ahurututu mu yare yi ma ɔfe a ɛba fam ne nsakrae a wontumi nsakra wɔ mframa kwan no mu, kosi sɛ wobehu yare no na wɔasa.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya MAC ahurututu mu yare?

MAC ahurututu mu yare betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu ne ɔbarima anaa ɔbea biara mu, nanso nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 65 ne mmea a wɔakɔ brayɛ mu no wɔ asiane kɛse mu.

Bio nso, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya MAC ahurututu mu yare sɛ:

• Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a.
• Sɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw a.
• Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu yare te sɛ eyi a:
• (Ahurututu mu yare) .(ne tebea horow a ɛde ahurututu mu yare ba) .
• (Ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea - COPD )
• (Cystic fibrosis) .
• (Emphysema) .
• Sɛ woadi kan anya nsamanwaw (TB).

Dɛn ne MAC ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

MAC ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne gu ahorow, na esiane sɛ ɛnyɛ pɔtee nti, wobetumi akyɛ sɛ wobehu. Ebia nnipa binom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den koraa anaasɛ wontumi nhu mpo. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ne ɔhome nhyehyɛe no nni abusuabɔ. Sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba ampa a, ebia wubenya:

• Ɔfe a enni sabea (a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu anaasɛ enni mu). Fa no sɛ obi te sɛ Nilanthi a wafe asram pii, na nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ no repue nkakrankakra, nanso osusuw sɛ ɛyɛ atiridiinini ara kwa.
• Mogya a wɔfe (Hemoptysis) .
• Ɔbrɛ .
• Atiridiinini a ɛba fam (mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ digrii Celsius 37.5 ne 37.9 - 99.6 F kosi 100.3 F).
• Fifiri a ɛba anadwo.
• Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa .
• Mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu ne aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew.
• Koko mu yaw.
• Brɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu MAC ahurututu mu yare?

Wo duruyɛfo no bedi kan ahwɛ wo na wabisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔde hu MAC ahurututu mu yare no bi ne:

• Chest X-ray ne titiriw no CT scan. Eyinom tumi hu nsakrae a ɛba ahurututu mu a ɔyare mmoawa de ba.
• Sputum amammerɛ ahorow. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wubegye nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ bi afi w’ahurututu mu na woasɔ ahwɛ ahwɛ sɛ ɛma MAC mmoawa no nyin anaa. Esiane sɛ yɛn nyinaa nya MAC mmoawa da biara nti, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi mpɛn pii wɔ nna kakraa bi mu de ahwɛ ahu sɛ mmoawa no fi w’ahurututu mu ankasa.
• Ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu. Eyi te sɛ colonoscopy, nanso wɔyɛ no wɔ ahurututu no so (wɔde adwinnade foforo a ɛyɛ ketewaa di dwuma). Wɔyɛ bere a wontumi mfa ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu nhu yare no.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa MAC ahurututu mu yare?

Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ den kakra sɛ wɔbɛsa MAC ahurututu mu yare nti, ɛho behia sɛ wokɔ ɔyare mmoawa ho ɔbenfo anaa ahurututu ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. Nnuruyɛfo baanu yi nyinaa wɔ nimdeɛ titiriw wɔ ɔyare mmoawa a wohu na wɔsa mu.

MAC ahurututu mu yare no ayaresa gu ahorow gyina sɛnea sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den so. Ebia nea ɛka ho ne:

• Ɔwɛn a wɔtwɛn:Ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den na nsakrae titiriw biara mma wɔn ahurututu mu wɔ sɔhwɛ ahorow mu no nhia sɛ wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa sa wɔn yare mfiase no. Nanso, ebehia sɛ wɔkɔ wɔn duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa na wɔyɛ wɔn ahome ne ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Mframa kwan a wɔyi fi hɔ: Eyi yɛ ayaresa kuw bi a ɛboa ma ahurututu no yi nsu (ne mmoawa a ɛwɔ mu) fi mframa kwan a yare no mu. Wɔtaa de yɛ ahurututu mu yare. Nea ɛka ho ne ahomegye ho ayaresa ahorow a wɔde ma denam nebulizer , ne mfiri bi a ɛboa ma nsu a ɛwɔ ahurututu no ase no fi hɔ a wɔde di dwuma.
• Nnuru: Sɛ wo mframa kwan a wobɛpopa no nnɔɔso a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa . Gyinae a wubesi sɛ wubefi ayaresa ase no begyina nneɛma ahorow bi ne nkɔmmɔbɔ a wo ne wo duruyɛfo titiriw bɛbɔ so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a mmoawa tumi tumi ko tia nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnuru no ntumi nkum wɔn. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na asiane yi so atew na wɔakum mmoawa no koraa no, ebia ebehia sɛ wonom nnuru ahorow abiɛsa a ekum ɔyare mmoawa wɔ asram 12 kosi 18 mu. Wɔ nnipa a wɔmfa nnuru afoforo a ekum ɔyare mmoawa nni dwuma wɔ asram asia mu fam no, nnansa yi U.S. Aduan ne Nnuru Dwumadibea (FDA) penee nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔhome so.
• Oprehyɛn: Ɛntaa mma koraa, sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa mmoa a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi ahurututu no fã a ɔyare no wɔ no. Sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn wie a, ebehia sɛ wonom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa bere tiaa bi na ama woakum mmoawa biara a aka.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na yɛtra ase wɔ MAC ahurututu mu yare ho? (Ntotoeɛ)

Saa nneɛma yi betumi aboa ma MAC ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no afi hɔ:

• Hwehwɛ akwan a wobɛfa so ayi nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ afi wo mframa kwan mu. Eyinom bi ne anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 150 a wobɛteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu a emu yɛ den dapɛn biara (titiriw sɛ wofata sɛ wobɛyɛ ahurututu mu ayaresa ), sɛ wubesua koko ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so home ho ade afi ɔhome ho ɔyaresafo hɔ, ɔfe a wɔahyɛ so, nsu a wɔde gyina hɔ (gyinabea a ɛboa ma nsu fi ahurututu mu), ne wo koko a wobɛbɔ de ama nsu a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu no ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Nya mmoa na ama woagyae sigaretnom , na kwati sigaretnom ne nneɛma afoforo a epira w’ahurututu.
• Nya vaccine a wɔde bɛbɔ wo ho ban. Bɔ wo ho ban fi ɔhome mu nyarewa afoforo te sɛ atiridii, ahurututu mu yare, ne COVID-19 ho.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu denam aduan a ahoɔden wom a wubedi so. Mmeae pii wɔ aduan ho abenfo a wobetumi aboa wɔ aduannuru a enni nipadua mu a ɔyare mmoawa a ɛsa nkakrankakra te sɛ MAC de ba no ho.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi MAC ahurututu mu yare mu aba?

Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde bedi dwuma bere tentenAsiane a ɛwɔ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔko tia mu no betumi ayɛ kɛse. Afei nso, nnuru no ho nsunsuanso bɔne te sɛ akisikuru, akisikuru, ne yafunu mu yaw betumi aba. Esiane sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa biara wɔ n’ankasa nsunsuanso pɔtee nti, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa ho.

Nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no Clostridium difficile (C. diff) bere a wɔnom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa bere tenten no. Eyi ba efisɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa kunkum mmoawa pa a wɔwɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu a wɔboa ma wɔyam no. C. diff yare mmoawa no ka aduan mu nneɛma na ɛde akisikuru a emu yɛ den a enni sabea ba. Eyi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Ebia MAC ahurututu mu yare a emu yɛ den remma wuntumi nyɛ nneɛma a kan no na w’ani gye ho no. Ne saa nti, wubetumi anya adwenemhaw anaa dadwen.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ menya MAC ahurututu mu yare no so?

Saa anammɔn yi betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya MAC mmoawa no so:

• Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ ebia wo MAC mmoawa no fibea ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew anaa sauna a, kwati mmeae a ɛyɛ hyew, ɛyɛ hyew, na nsu di akɔneaba mpɛn pii.
• Dane mframa a wɔde ma wɔ aguaree ne adididan mu no na yi nsu a ɛyɛ hyew no afi hɔ.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, fa wo fie nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew no to digrii Celsius 54.4 (Fahrenheit 130).
• Hyɛ mfutuma akataso bere a woreyɛ adwuma wɔ turo mu anaa woreyɛ turo no.
• Ansa na wode dɔte a wɔde yɛ nkuku bɛyɛ adwuma no, petepete nsu bi so na ama mfutuma so atew.
• Di mframa kwan a wɔfa so yi mframa kwan a ano yɛ den so.

So wobetumi asa MAC ahurututu mu yare koraa?

Sɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ ɔyare biara nni hɔ asram 12 a, nnuruyɛfo bu MAC ahurututu mu yare sɛ wɔasa. Nanso, ɔyare no betumi asan aba bio. Eyi betumi afi mmoawa no foforo a wode wo ho ahyɛ mu anaasɛ mmoawa a wɔaka wɔ ahurututu no mu, titiriw sɛ woda so ara wɔ tebea a ɛde MAC bae wɔ nea edi kan no mu (te sɛ ahurututu mu mmerɛwyɛ) a.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo so sɛ ɔyare no asan aba bio anaa. Wontumi nsakra sɛnea MAC ahurututu mu yare asɛe w’ahurututu mu no. Ebia woda so ara wɔ ɔhaw wɔ ahome mu bere a woasa wo yare awie no. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wunya botae ne akwanhwɛ a emu da hɔ ansa na woafi ayaresa ase.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo...

Ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo nneɛma te sɛ:

• Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na minyaa MAC ahurututu mu yare?
• MAC ahurututu mu yare bɛn na mewɔ?
• So mihia ayaresa?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• So oprehyɛn fata ma me? Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ oprehyɛn mu?
• So nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a metumi ayɛ wɔ fie na ama me home ayɛ mmerɛw?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn akwati MAC ahurututu mu nyarewa daakye?

So eyi yɛ ɔyare mmoawa fi onipa biako so kɔ foforo so?

Ɛwom sɛ wuntumi nnya MAC mfi obi foforo hɔ de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a tebea no ka abusua koro mufo pii. Abenfo gye di sɛ nnipa binom wɔ awosu mu nsakrae bi a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobenya MAC yare mmoawa.

So MAC ahurututu mu yare betumi akum obi?

Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, MAC ahurututu mu yare betumi ama wɔn ɔhome a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye na wɔawuwu mpo. Nanso eyi taa si bere tenten. Nnipa bɛyɛ 4 biara mu 1 a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw na cavitary type MAC ahurututu mu yare no wuwu wɔ mfe anum akyi bere a wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ bi no.

Sɛ wohu yare no ntɛm na wɔsa no a, ebetumi atew asiane ahorow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ so kɛse.

Nnipa dodow no ara nnyare mfi MAC mmoawa mu. Wɔ wɔn a wɔyɛ saa no fam no, MAC ahurututu mu yare betumi de ɔhome mu haw a emu yɛ den a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu aba. Sɛ wofe mogya, anaasɛ wofe a ɛkɔ so na wote nka sɛ woabrɛ kɛse a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw ne wɔn a wɔwɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa afoforo titiriw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobenya MAC ahurututu mu yare. Wobetumi de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa asa MAC ahurututu mu yare, nanso ebia ebehia sɛ wonom aduru no bɛboro afe biako.

Awiei koraa no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae...

MAC ahurututu mu yare yɛ tebea a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho kakra. Nanso, biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw yɛn ho. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wowɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi, wuhu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ, na wunya ayaresa a ɛfata a. Sɛ saa a, yebetumi de saa yare yi abɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` MAC ahurututu mu yare, Mycobacterium avium complex, NTM yareɛ, ahurututu mu yareɛ, ɔfe a enni sabea, ɔhome mu nyarewa, ɔyare mmoawa