So owia hyew aniwa abien no nyinaa? Momma yɛnka (Photokeratitis) ho asɛm!

So woadi da tenten bi adi agoru wɔ owia mu, nantew mpoano, anaasɛ woayɛ welding, na sɛ woba fie anwummere a, w’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ, nsu, na ɛyɛ yaw, te sɛ nea anhwea wɔ w’ani so pɛn? Ɛtɔ da bi a w’ani ho ahonhon na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhwɛ hann no, ɛnte saa? Sɛ woanya saa osuahu no a, ebetumi aba sɛ efi tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no photokeratitis. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛte sɛ nea owia rehyew yɛn honam ani, nanso UV mframa rehyew yɛn ani.

Dɛn ankasa ne eyi (Photokeratitis)?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, photokeratitis ne bere a yɛn aniwa no ani, conjunctiva , ntini fitaa a ɛkata aniwa no fã fitaa a atwa aniwa tuntum no ho ahyia, ne cornea , ɔfã a emu da hɔ wɔ aniwa tuntum no anim no sɛe esiane sɛ yɛde ultraviolet (UV) mframa a efi owia mu ba nti. Ɛte sɛ nea sɛ owia hyew yɛn honam ani a, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ yaw. Nanso eyi to aniwa no. Mpɛn pii no, saa tebea yi ka aniwa abien no nyinaa.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ yɛkɔ mpoano, anaa sɛ yɛkɔ nantew, anaa sɛ yɛkɔ baabi a sukyerɛmma wɔ a, ɛnyɛ owia nko, na mmom owia hann a efi nsu, anhwea, ne sukyerɛmma mu ba no nso bɔ yɛn ani tẽẽ. Afei nso, hann a ɛboro so a efi welding mu, akanea a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mpa a wɔde yɛ tan, ne aduruyɛ akanea bi nso betumi de tebea yi aba. Ebinom frɛ eyi "sukyerɛmma anifurae" efisɛ efi UV mframa a ɛdannan fi sukyerɛmma mu no. Wɔ welders mu no, wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ "Arc eye" anaa "Welder's flash."

Dɛn ne photokeratitis ahorow atitiriw?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ saa tebea yi (Photokeratitis) mu ayɛ no ahorow abien:

1. Acute Photokeratitis: Eyi ba bere a wohyia UV mframa a ɛdɔɔso mpofirim, wɔ bere tiaa bi mu no. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ bere tiaa mu de na ɛyɛ yiye wɔ nna kakraa bi mu.

2. Photokeratitis a Enni sabea: Eyi ba esiane UV mframa a ɛba fam a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu bere tenten, nkakrankakra nti. Saa ɔkwan yi ntaa mma te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu no.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Sɛ wowɔ photokeratitis a, wubetumi anya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Aniwa a ɛyɛ yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ: Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea w’ani mu reyɛ wo yaw.
• Nusu/ani a nsu wom: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea nusu reba kɛkɛ.
• Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu: Ebia wuntumi nhu ade yiye, na ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea w’aniwa nhu ade yiye.
• Aniwa a ɛho ahonhon: Beae a atwa aniwa anaa aniwa no ho ahyia no betumi ahonhon.
• Hann ho nkate: Aniwa yɛ bruu dodo sɛ wobɛhwɛ, na hann ketewaa bi mpo yɛ den sɛ wobegyina ano.
• Te a wobɛte nka sɛ anhwea nketenkete bi wɔ aniwa no mu: Ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ nea biribi akɔhyɛ aniwa no mu, te sɛ nea ɛrebɔ.

Nea ɛka eyi ho no, ebia nneɛma afoforo bi wɔ hɔ:

• Halo a wubehu: Sɛ wohwɛ kanea bi a, ebia wubehu nkaa a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow a atwa ho ahyia.
• Tiyɛ: Tiyɛ a emu yɛ den betumi aba.
• Aniwa a ɛtwetwe: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea aniwa bi twitwiw kɛkɛ.
• Aniwa a ɛyera bere tiaa bi: Eyi ntaa nsi kakra, nanso ebetumi aba.
• Sɛ wuhu sɛ nneɛma sesa kɔla: Eyi nso yɛ ade a ɛntaa nsi koraa.

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi taa di nnɔnhwerew 6 kosi 24. Nanso mpɛn pii no, wobefi hɔ koraa wɔ nnɔnhwerew 48 ntam. Dodow a wode wo ho hyɛ (UV) mframa mu kyɛ no, dodow no ara na wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no betumi ayɛ kɛse.

Dɛn ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde photokeratitis ba?

Ultraviolet (UV) mframa ne nea ɛsɛe yɛn aniwa yi. UV-A ne UV-B mframa a efi owia mu nyinaa betumi asɛe yɛn aniwa bere tiaa bi ne bere tenten, na ebetumi aka yɛn ani nso. UV-C mframa no twetwe yɛn ozone layer no, enti ɛnpira yɛn aniwa.

Wɔ owia hann tẽẽ akyi no, nneɛma afoforo a ɛma UV mframa a ebetumi ama obi anya photokeratitis no bi ne:

• Owia hann a ɛdannan fi nneɛma te sɛ sukyerɛmma, nsukyenee, nsu, anhwea, anaa semɛnte so na ɛbɔ yɛn ani.
• (Tanning beds) anaa akanea a wɔde di dwuma wɔ adan nketewa mu.
• Laser hann a ɛma hann.
• Mercury vapor akanea anaa halogen desk akanea.
• Aprannaa a ɛbɔ anaa anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ.
• Arc welding mfiri anaa mfoninitwa nsuyiri akanea.
• Hann a wɔde kum mmoawa anaasɛ wɔde sa yare.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ yɛhwɛ Owia no tẽẽ, titiriw bere a owia retɔ a, ebetumi asɛe yɛn retina no bere tenten na ayɛ kɛse, na ebetumi ama yɛahyew. Enti nyɛ saa da.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?

Wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya photokeratitis sɛ:

• Sɛ woyɛ obi a wode bere pii tra abɔnten ne owia mu, yɛ nneɛma te sɛ akwantu, kwae mu nantew, skiing, anaa asuguare.
• Sɛ wode (owia kanea), (tanning bed), anaasɛ woyɛ adwuma anaa wode bere bi tra baabi a (UV) hann fibea wɔ hɔ a.
• Sɛ wote mmeae a ɛkorɔn yiye (UV mframa a ɛkɔ soro).

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi photokeratitis mu aba?

UV mframa kakraa bi mpo a wode wo ho bɛhyɛ mu bere tenten no betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ w’aniwa asɛe daakye no ayɛ kɛse.Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya tebea horow a edidi so yi betumi ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ (UV) mframa mu a, ɛboaboa ano bere tenten. Afei nso, sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ (UV) mframa mu bere tenten a, ebetumi ama ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no ani no akɔ soro. Wɔfrɛ eyinom (Pingueculae) ne (Pterygia) . Wobetumi asiw eyinom ano denam ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia a wɔde bedi dwuma yiye bere a wɔwɔ abɔnten no so.

Bio nso, hann bruu ne violet a ne tenten yɛ tiaa a efi nneɛma te sɛ (LED) akanea, kɔmputa, ne smartphone mu ba no nso betumi apira yɛn retinas na ebetumi ayɛ asiane a ɛbɛma macular degeneration aba akyiri yi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Photokeratitis?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. Ɔbɛhwehwɛ w’ani mu na wabisa wo nsɛm afa wo dwumadi ahorow a woayɛ nnansa yi ne baabi a woyɛ adwuma no ho. Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ wo sɛ w’ani asɛe ne sɛnea emu yɛ den no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Oduruyɛfo no de nsu bi a wɔfrɛ no fluorescein bɛhyɛ w'ani mu na afei wayɛ kanea a wɔapaapae mu nhwehwɛmu . Eyi yɛ ade titiriw bi a wɔde yɛ ade. Ebetumi ahu pefee sɛ biribiara a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ anaasɛ nsensanee biara a ɛwɔ w’aniwa no ani.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa (Photokeratitis)?

Sɛ wufi ase te yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne nka ara pɛ a, kɔ dan mu ntɛm ara. Tra dan a emu yɛ sum kakra mu. Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade a, yi fi hɔ. Mfa w’ani ntwitwiw wo ho da.

Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie, te sɛ:

• Mum w’ani na gye w’ahome.
• Mum w’ani na fa ntama a ɛyɛ nwini gu so.
• Hyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia na ama hann a ɛbɛba no so atew.
• Fa nusu a wɔde nsa ayɛ di dwuma. Wobetumi atɔ eyinom wɔ nnurutɔnbea hɔ.
• Sɛ wobɛtew ɛyaw so a, fa aduru a ɛnyɛ steroid a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa (NSAID) te sɛ ibuprofen (e.g., Advil®, Motrin®) a wobetumi anya afi nnurutɔnbea.

Mpɛn pii no, tebea yi ankasa fi hɔ wɔ nnɔnhwerew anaa nna kakraa bi mu. Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa wo yare a, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw wo aduru a wɔde siw aniwa so de asiw ɔyare mmoawa ano.

Hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu bere nyinaa: Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara te sɛ aniwa a ɛyera, anaasɛ ɛyaw no kyɛ bɛboro nna abien a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ yɛn ho ban afi Photokeratitis ho?

Wubetumi ayɛ saa nneɛma yi de abɔ wo ho ban afi photokeratitis ho:

• Hyɛ aniwa ho banbɔ a ɛfata:Nneɛma te sɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia anaa sukyerɛmma ahwehwɛ. Nhwehwɛmufo ka sɛ sɛ wogye bere wɔ abɔnten a, hyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia anaa ahwehwɛ a esiw UV mframa 99% kosi 100% ano anaasɛ ɛtwetwe. Nea eye sen biara ne ahwehwɛ a wɔde kyekyere owia anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde bɔ owia a ɛwɔ nkyɛnkyɛn. Eyi ma UV mframa a epira no ntumi mfi afã nyinaa nkɔ mu. Da a mununkum wɔ hɔ mpo no, sukyerɛmma, anhwea, anaa nsu a ɛhyerɛn betumi ahyew w’ani, enti awia ahwehwɛ ho hia.
• Hyɛ kyɛw a ano trɛw anaa visor bere a worekɔ abɔnten no.
• Sɛ wohyia UV mframa wɔ adwumam a, fa nnwinnade a ɛfata a ɛbɔ wo ho ban di dwuma.
• Sɛ woyɛ adwuma anaa wodi agoru wɔ baabi a owia bɔ kɛse a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛtwetwe UV.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara na ɔnyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ.

Sɛ wunya photokeratitis a, dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan?

Asɛmpa a ɛfa photokeratitis ho ne sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛyɛ bere tiaa mu tebea na mpɛn pii no wo sɛnkyerɛnne no fi hɔ koraa wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi anaa nnansa kosi nnansa mu. Wobetumi de ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie agyae yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne pii.

Ɛho behia sɛ wotra dan mu da koro anaa nnanu kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ photokeratitis ho?

Sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ aniwa mu yaw anaasɛ w’aniwa yɛ mmerɛw bere a woakɔ abɔnten anaa baabi a UV mframa wɔ akyi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo, oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ na owia hann anaa UV hann fibea bi te sɛ mfiri a wɔde weld yɛ. Wo duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a obetumi ahu sɛ ebia photokeratitis na ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba anaa.

Obetu wo fo wɔ nea wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie de anya ahotɔ ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu mmoa ho.

Awiei koraa no, kae (Take-Home Message) .

Photokeratitis yɛ aniwa mu yare a ɛyɛ yaw, nanso ɛtra hɔ bere tiaa bi. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi ho – bere nyinaa hyɛ awia ahwehwɛ anaa aniwa ho banbɔ foforo a esiw/twetwe UV mframa bere a wowɔ abɔnten (wɔ nna a mununkum wɔ hɔ mpo). Afei nso, sɛ w’adwuma no ma wunya hann bi a, fa ahwehwɛ a ɛbɔ wo ho ban a ɛfata hann ko a worehyia no di dwuma. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara kɔhwɛ w’ani akwahosan, efisɛ eyi betumi aboa wo ma woahu aniwa mu haw biara ntɛm. W’ani som bo, enti ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wobɛhwɛ so!

` Photokeratitis, UV mframa, aniwa a ɛhyew, sukyerɛmma anifurae, aniwa a ɛyɛ arc, aniwa ho banbɔ, ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ owia