So wusuro PSA nhwehwɛmu no? Momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa (PSA Test) .

So woadi boro mfe 50? Anaasɛ woadi mfe 40 awiei? Afei ebia wo duruyɛfo no aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ PSA nhwehwɛmu. Nnipa binom suro kakra na wɔn ho yeraw wɔn bere a wɔte saa din yi. "So eyi nyɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ebia prostate kokoram wɔ hɔ anaa?" wosusuw ho. Dɛn ankasa ne PSA? Dɛn na sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ? So ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho? Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm tiawa koraa, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne PSA sɔhwɛ yi?

PSA yɛ Prostate-Specific Antigen tiawa . Eyi yɛ protein bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Prostate gland a mmarima nkutoo na wohu no na ɛyɛ. Fa no sɛ, saa ntini yi kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ walnut ketewaa bi, na ɛwɔ yɛn akisikuru ase.

Enti, te sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw wɔ prostate mu no, kokoram nkwammoaa nso yɛ protein bi a wɔfrɛ no PSA. Nanso nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, kokoram nkwammoaa taa yɛ PSA protein no pii . PSA nhwehwɛmu no yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Ɛsusuw PSA protein dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Sɛ PSA dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia biribi asɛe wɔ wo prostate no ho, ebia asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram.

Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ dijitaal rectal exam (DRE) aka PSA nhwehwɛmu no ho. Eyi hwɛ sɛnea prostate gland no kɛse, ne nsusuwii, ne sɛnea ɛte no mu hwɛ sɛ ebia biribiara a ɛnteɛ te sɛ akisikuru anaa.

So PSA dodow a ‘ɛyɛ daa’ no sesa bere a obi nyin no?

Yiw, koraa. Eyi yɛ biribi a nnipa pii nnim ankasa. Botae biako biara nni hɔ a "ɛyɛ daa" ma obiara. Bere a yɛrenyin no, sɛ yennya yare biara mpo a, yɛn prostate gland no yɛ kɛse kakra. Enti PSA dodow kɔ soro nkakrankakra fi awosu mu.

Wɔtaa de nanogram susuw PSA wɔ mililita biara mu (ng/ml) . Sɛ́ akwankyerɛ a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no, mfe a obi adi ho gyinapɛn ahorow bi a ɛfata ni:

Ma ɛntra w’adwenem sɛ eyinom yɛ akwankyerɛ ahorow a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so ara kwa. Esiane sɛ wo PSA boro saa anohyeto yi so kakra nti, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Yɛbɛka saa asɛm no ho asɛm kakra.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ PSA nhwehwɛmu?

Eyi nso yɛ asɛm a ɛho hia.

• Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wɔn a wɔwɔ asiane mu: Gye sɛ wowɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a emu yɛ den a wowɔ prostate kokoram, nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ PSA nhwehwɛmu mfe abien kosi abiɛsa biara, mpɛn pii no bere a woadi mfe 50 akyi .
• Wɔn a asiane kɛse wom: Sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ fi nhwehwɛmu yi ase bere a woadi mfe 40-45 .

Henanom ne saa nnipa yi a wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu?

• Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ wo papa, wo nuabarima, anaa wo babarima anya prostate cancer, anaa sɛ w’abusua mufo pii anya yare no a.
• Awosu mu nneɛma: Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ mmarima a wofi Afrika no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya prostate kokoram na wɔadi mfe kakraa bi.

Bio nso, wɔde PSA sɔhwɛ no di dwuma de hwɛ sɛnea prostate kokoram ayaresa no ayɛ yiye na wɔahu sɛ ebia yare no asan aba bio anaa.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no

Okay, enti momma yɛnka sɛ woayɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wobɛyɛ PSA nhwehwɛmu. Sɛ wubenya amanneɛbɔ a edi mu a , nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no. Saa nneɛma yi betumi aka wo PSA bo a ɛsom no.

Ka nneɛma yi ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo:

• Sɛ worenom nnuru a wɔde sa Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (e.g. Finasteride, Dutasteride).
• Sɛ wode nnuru te sɛ `Finasteride (Propecia®)` redi dwuma ama wo ti nhwi a ɛtɔ a.
• Sɛ wɔayɛ wo prostate oprehyɛn (TUR) nnansa yi a.
• Sɛ woayɛ prostate biopsy wɔ adapɛn 6 a atwam no mu a.
• Sɛ wɔde catheter ahyɛ wo mu nnansa yi a.
• Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yareɛ (te sɛ `Cirrhosis`, `Hepatitis C`).
• Sɛ mprempren wowɔ urinary tract infection (UTI) anaasɛ woanya bi wɔ asram 3 a atwam no mu a.

Mma nnyɛ saa nneɛma yi nnɔnhwerew 48 ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no:

• Mfa wo ho nhyɛ nna mu dwumadi biara mu (a nea ɛka ho ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu kyɛfa). Nsu a ɛtwetwe no betumi ama PSA dodow akɔ soro bere tiaa bi.
• Kwati apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den, titiriw nneɛma te sɛ sakre a ebetumi ama PSA dodow akɔ soro bere tiaa bi.

Sɛ yedi akwankyerɛ yi akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ nkutoo a yebetumi asusuw wo PSA dodow ankasa.

So PSA dodow a ɛkɔ soro no kyerɛ kokoram ankasa?

Dabi , ɛnte saa koraa. Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ obiara kae. Sɛ wo PSA amanneɛbɔ ka sɛ ɛkorɔn a, mma wo ho nnpopo. Ɛkyerɛ kɛkɛ sɛ biribi rekɔ so wɔ wo prostate gland no mu na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu kɔ akyiri.

Sɛ kokoram da nkyɛn a, nneɛma afoforo bi a enti wobetumi ama PSA dodow akɔ soro ni:

• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Eyi nyɛ kokoram. Ɛyɛ tebea a ɛtaa ba a ɛka mmarima pii bere a wɔrenyin no.
• Prostatitis: PSA betumi akɔ soro esiane ɔyare mmoawa ne prostate gland a ɛho ahonhon nti .
• Nsuo mu yareɛ (UTI): Nsuo mu yareɛ nso tumi ma PSA dodoɔ kɔ soro.
• Nnansa yi aduruyɛ mu akwan horow: Esiane nneɛma te sɛ biopsies ne catheterizations a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm nti.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den ne nna mu dwumadi: Eyinom betumi ama PSA akɔ soro bere tiaa bi sɛ wɔyɛ no bɛn sɔhwɛ no a.

Sɛ PSA bo no yɛ kɛse a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?

Sɛ wo PSA dodow no dɔɔso ma wo mfe a, wo duruyɛfo no remmɔ hu, na mmom ɔbɛyɛ w’anammɔn a edi hɔ ho nhyehyɛe sɛnea ɛfata.

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ PSA bo no yɛ 4 kosi 10 (ng/ml) , a, nea ebetumi aba sɛ obi benya prostate kokoram no bɛyɛ 25%. Sɛ botae no boro 10 a , nea ebetumi aba no betumi aboro 50%.

Enti, ebia oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom akyerɛ:

• PSA sɔhwɛ foforo: Ebia wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ foforo wɔ asram kakraa bi mu ahwɛ sɛ bo a ɛsom no da so ara yɛ kɛse anaa.
• MRI scan: Wobetumi ayɛ MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan de atwa prostate no ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri na wɔahwɛ sɛ mmeae biara a ɛyɛ hu wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Prostate Biopsy: Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wowɔ prostate kokoram anaa ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo nipadua mu. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobegye ntini ketewaa bi afi prostate no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ahwɛ mu ahwɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Dɛn ne prostate kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Eyi nso ho hia paa. Wɔ prostate kokoram mfiase no, mpɛn pii no, wonhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Ɛno nti na sɔhwɛ te sɛ PSA ho hia no. Bere a yare no kɔ so no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Nsuo mu nsɛnnennen: Nsuo a wɔtaa to, nsuo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɔhyew anaa ɛyaw bere a ɔreto nsu (Dysuria), ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi nsu so.
• Mogya a ɛba denam nsu anaa mmadwoa so.
• Akyi, asen, anaa koko mu yaw a ɛtaa yɛ: (Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ nnompe no mu).
• Mu duru a wɔtew so a ntease biara nnim.
• Erectile dysfunction anaa ɛyaw a ɛba bere a ɔreto ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu.

So nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de ahyɛ PSA dodow so?

Nkrabea biara nni hɔ a ebetumi ama PSA dodow akɔ fam anadwo biako. Nanso nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛ sɛ asetra ne aduan pa a wobɛkɔ so akura mu no betumi aboa ma prostate akwahosan akɔ so na woadi PSA dodow so.