Èbu alesi míaƒe ŋutilã ɖɔlia gbedasi suesuesuewo tsɔ wɔa avu kple dɔlélewo hekpena ɖe mía nɔewo ŋui kpɔa? Míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa aɖewo li siwo wɔa dɔ abe adzame dɔla suewo ene.
Cytokines nye atikewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si wɔa dɔ tɔxɛ ma tɔgbe. Egbea, míaƒo nu tso dɔla sue siawo siwo le vevie ŋutɔ la ŋu.
Nuka tututue nye cytokines?
Kpuie ko la, cytokines nye protein ƒomevi aɖe. Wole abe atikewo ƒe dɔla siwo naa nyatakakawo le míaƒe
dɔlélenutsiŋutete me ene . Bu míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete be enye aʋakɔ si ʋlia dukɔ aɖe ta. Asrafoha sia ƒe
alɔdzewo to vovo , asrafowo. Emegbe amekae ɖoa gbedasiwo ɖe asrafo siawo (i.e. dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo) abe, "Futɔ lae nye esi!" "Yi afisia eye nàwɔ avu!" "Kpɔ ɖokuiwò ta alea!"? Nu mae
cytokines siawo wɔna. Ne
dɔlékuiwo abe dɔlékuiwo, dɔlékuiwo, dɔlékuiwo, alo nusiwo nana ame ƒe ŋutilã melɔ̃na o ge ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me la, cytokines siawo gblɔna na míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo be "woadze dɔ gɔme, awɔ avu kple amedzidzela siawo." Menye ema ɖeɖeko o, ke cytokines siawo kpena ɖe mía ŋu be míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete nɔa dɔ wɔm nyuie eye wòwɔa nu aduadu kple mía nɔewo, ne afɔku aɖeke mele míaƒe ŋutilã ŋu o gɔ̃ hã. Abe alesi woɖɔlia gbedasiwo be míaƒe dɔwɔƒea nayi edzi anɔ dɔ wɔm nyuie ene.
Cytokines ƒomevi kawoe li?
Dɔla ƒomevi sia si woyɔna be cytokines la me tɔ vovovo geɖewo li. Wo katã wogblɔa afisi dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo nayi kple nusi woawɔ. Gake ƒomevi vovovowo li, le woƒe dɔ tɔxɛwo nu. Mina míalé ŋku ɖe ƒomevi vevi ʋɛ aɖewo ŋu.
- Chemokines: Esiawoe nye "mɔfialawo." Wole abe GPS ene. Woawoe fiaa mɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo yia afisi dɔlékui aɖe le, hegblɔna na wo be, "Va mɔ sia dzi."
- Interferons: Esiawo ƒe ŋkɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ gɔmee nye "be woade nu eme." Nukae wòfia be woade nu nyaa me? Wowɔa dɔ to dɔlékuiwo ƒe gege ɖe míaƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me nutsitsi kple dɔlékui geɖe wɔwɔ (‘gbugbɔgawɔ’) me. Ele abe dzesi aɖe dede dɔlékuiwo ŋu si gblɔ be, "Mígayi afisia azɔ o!"
- Interleukins: Woɖe ŋkɔa tso nya siwo nye "inter" (le dome) kple "leukocyte" (ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi) me. Wosusui tsã be ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo dome koe atike siawo doa ka ɖo. Gake wova kpɔe azɔ be lãmenugbagbevi bubuwo hãe wɔa wo eye be wodoa ka le ʋumenugbagbevi siwo menye ɣie o hã dome.
- Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF): Esia ɖi ŋkɔ sesẽ aɖe vie, alo? Eƒe dɔ vevitɔe nye beEɖua dɔdzẽ , si fia be avuvu kple abibi la dzi. Enaa dzesi dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo hã be woatsrɔ̃ dɔdzẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo .
- Colony-Stimulating Factors (CSF): Esiawo le abe "lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔƒe ƒe dɔdzikpɔlawo" ene le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Elabena, lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi tɔxɛ aɖe li si woyɔna be ʋumenugbagbeviɣiwo (HSC) . Lãmenugbagbevi siawo ate ŋu awɔ ʋumenugbagbevi ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe abe ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo, ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo, kple ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo ene. "Ewɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo" sia ( Hematopoiesis ) kpena ɖe "CSF" sia ŋu, si fia be egblɔna na lãmenugbagbeviwo be "woawɔ lãmenugbagbevi sia ƒomevi". Le kpɔɖeŋu me, " G-CSF " kpena ɖe ame ŋu be woawɔ ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi aɖe si woyɔna be "Neutrophil" . Neutrophil siawo le vevie ŋutɔ le avuwɔwɔ kple dɔlékuiwo me.
Wotsɔ lãmenugbagbevi si ƒomevi wɔa wo la ƒe ŋkɔ na cytokine bubu aɖewo.
- Lymphokines: Elabena ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi aɖe si woyɔna be lymphocytes ye wɔa wo.
- Monokines: Elabena ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi aɖe si woyɔna be monocytes ye wɔa wo.
Kpekpeɖeŋu kae cytokines naa míaƒe ŋutilã?
Ne míeƒo nu tso cytokines ŋu la, ame akpa gãtɔ ƒe susu nɔa
dɔdzẽ ŋu . Ne míebu abi ŋu la, míaƒe susu yia abi kple abi si doa dziku na ame si dona le dɔléle alo nulɔdɔwo me. Gake le nyateƒe me la, dɔdzẽ nye dzesi be míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo le avu wɔm kple amedzidzelawo alo le lãkusi siwo xɔ abi la dam.
Bu eŋu kpɔ ne ètso wò asibidɛ la, teƒea vuvu hebiã, alo? Emae nye dɔdzẽ. Ema fia be woɖoa cytokines ɖe afima, gblɔna be, "Kuxi aɖe le afisia, va lé ŋku ɖe eŋu, eye nàda abi la," eye wotsɔa lãmenugbagbevi siwo sɔ la vaa eme eye wodzea dɔwɔwɔ gɔme.
Eyata cytokines le abe atikewo ƒe dɔla siwo gblɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo "alesi woawɔ nui" ene. Wofiaa dzesi nuwo abe:
- Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ: Egblɔa afisi lãmenugbagbeviwo ayi kple nusi woawɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, efiaa mɔ dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo yia afisi dɔlékui aɖe le be woawɔ avu kple dɔlékui siwo le afima. Efiaa dzesi hã be woadzi dɔwɔwɔ siwo do ƒome kple dɔdzẽ ɖe edzi alo aɖe wo dzi akpɔtɔ.
- Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe vovototodedeameme:Esia le abe hehexɔƒe ene. Woxɔa lãmenugbagbevi siwo metsi o eye wona hehe wo be woanye "lãmenugbagbevi sia ƒomevie nèdi be yeanye ne ètsi." Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woxɔa lãmenugbagbevi sue aɖe hetrɔnɛ wòzua ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi si ate ŋu awɔ avu kple dɔlékuiwo.
- Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dzidziɖedzi: Esia fia be "na ame geɖe nalɔ̃ wò." Ele abe fotokɔpi wɔwɔ ene. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne èhiã ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi geɖe wu be nàtsɔ awɔ avu kple dɔlékui aɖe la, èdea dzesi wò ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi siwo li fifia be “woana ame geɖe nalɔ̃ wò.”
Menye ema ɖeɖeko o, ke ɣeaɖewoɣi la, cytokines hã naa dzesi míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo be "woawɔ cytokines geɖe wu." Emegbe dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖoa dzina ɖe edzi wu.
Vovototo kae le cytokines siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ kple esiwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu dome?
Ne míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete le dɔ wɔm nyuie la, cytokines hea dɔdzẽ vɛ ne ehiã be woatsɔ awɔ avu kple amedzidzelawo ahada gbe le lãmekawo ŋu. Emegbe la, wogblɔna be, "Enyo, ema sɔ gbɔ, eyae nye ema," eye woɖea dɔdzẽa dzi kpɔtɔna hedzudzɔa. Ele abe ʋu ƒe
accelerator (gas pedal) kple brek ene.
- Cytokines siwo doa alɔ dɔdzẽ: Esiawoe nye "gas pedals." Esiawoe nye ŋutsu siwo naa dzesi be dɔdzẽ nadze egɔme eye wòadzi ɖe edzi. Ne futɔ aɖe ge ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me la, wogblɔna be, "Amesiame, dzra ɖo ɖe aʋawɔwɔ ŋu!"
- Cytokines siwo tsia dzodzodzoetsitsi nu: Esiawoe nye "breki". Esiawoe nye esiwo naa dzesi be woadzudzɔ dɔdzẽ eye woaɖe edzi akpɔtɔ . Elabena, ne dɔdzẽ dzi ɖe edzi akpa la, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmenugbagbevi nyui siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me hã ŋu. Esiawoe xea mɔ na ema.
Ne míagblɔe tututu la, dɔdzẽ nu tsotso le vevie abe alesi wòdze egɔmee ene. Dzoxɔxɔ fũ ate ŋu ahe dzesi siwo meɖea dzi ɖi o vɛ, dɔléle siwo nɔa anyi didi, eye ɣeaɖewoɣi ne womedae o la, ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me.
Aleke cytokines siawo wɔa dɔe?
Esia dzɔna le mɔ bɔbɔe aɖe ŋutɔ nu. Bu cytokine ŋu abe
safui ene , eye
`xɔla` aɖe le lãmenugbagbevi la dzi si sɔ kple safui ma. Ne cytokine (safuia) yi eye wòge ɖe `xɔla` ma me le lãmenugbagbevi ma dzi la, lãmenugbagbevi ma xɔa gbedasi si nye "Nukae woawɔ?". Emegbe lãmenugbagbevi ma wɔa dɔ le gbedasi ma nu. Na míalé ŋku ɖe eƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖe ŋu. Ne míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dometɔ ɖeka de dzesi nane si gblẽa nu le ame ŋu, abe dɔlékui ene, le ŋutilãa me la, lãmenugbagbevi ma ɖea cytokine ɖe go. Cytokine sia zɔa mɔ to ʋukawo me alo toa lãkusiwo me eye wòkpɔa lãmenugbagbevi aɖe si si `xɔla` si sɔ kplii le. Ne cytokine la bla ɖe `receptor` ma ŋu la, lãmenugbagbevi si xɔ gbedasi ma xɔa mɔfiame la. Ðewohĩ lãmenugbagbevi ma ayi afisi dɔlékuia le eye wòadze edzi. Alo, ado ŋusẽ eƒe ametakpɔnuwo be dɔlékuia nagage ɖe eme o. Cytokines ate ŋu aɖo gbedasiwo ɖe lãmenugbagbevi si ɖe asi le wo ŋu, ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo te ɖe wo ŋu, alo ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le adzɔge ʋĩ gɔ̃ hã.
- Gbedasiwo ɖoɖo ɖe eya ŋutɔ ƒe lãmenugbagbevi (`Autocrine signaling`):Cytokine la blana ɖe lãmenugbagbevi si ɖe asi le eŋu la dzi.
- Paracrine signaling: blana ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo te ɖe wo ŋu dzi ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo xɔa dɔlékuiwo ŋu.
- Dɔlékuiwutikewo ƒe dzesiwo: Cytokines blana ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le adzɔge ʋĩ tso lãmenugbagbevi si ɖe asi le wo ŋu gbɔ la ŋu.
Lãmenugbagbeviwo le míaƒe ŋutilã katã me siwo si cytokine `receptors le. Le nyateƒe me la, lãmenugbagbevi siwo si `nuxɔla` siawo le le ŋutinu geɖe me le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Esia tae dɔdzẽ ate ŋu adzɔ le afisiafi ɖo.
Afikae cytokines tsona? Amekae wɔa wo?
Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo , siwo nye ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo (leukocytes) ye wɔa cytokines siwo bɔ wu le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Esiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Macrophages ƒe lãmenugbagbevi gãwo
- Dendritic lãmenugbagbeviwo
- Lãmetsiŋusẽ (T kple B ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo) .
- Monocytes ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo woyɔna be monocytes
- Neutrophils ƒe dɔwɔwɔ
- Basophils ƒe lãwo
- Eosinophils ƒe lãwo
- Mast cells ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo
Gake menye dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo koe o, ke lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi bubu geɖe siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me ate ŋu awɔ cytokines. Kpɔɖeŋu ʋɛ aɖewoe nye esi:
- Endothelial cells: Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le míaƒe ʋukawo ƒe eme.
- Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãkusi me: Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le míaƒe ŋutinuwo me.
- Fibroblasts: Lãmenugbagbevi siwo le kadodoŋusẽ me.
- Stromal cells: Lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi bubu si le kadodoŋusẽ me.
- Schwann lãmenugbagbeviwo: Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ƒo xlã lãmekawo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo (ahɔhɔ̃mekawo).
Lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi vovovowo ate ŋu awɔ cytokine ƒomevi ɖeka ma ke.
Dɔléle kawoe ate ŋu ado ƒome kple cytokines?
Cytokines le vevie na míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete, eye wogblɔ be wodo ƒome kple dɔléle geɖe siwo míate ŋu axɔ. Zi geɖe la, cytokines kpena ɖe mía ŋu be dɔlékuiwo nagaxɔ mí o. Gake ɣeaɖewoɣi la, míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete te ŋu wɔa cytokines geɖe akpa. Esia ate ŋu anye dɔlékui aɖe ƒe ŋuɖoɖo alo abe atikewɔwɔ abe dɔlélenutsiŋutete
ƒe atikewɔwɔ ene ƒe akpa aɖe ene . Woyɔa esia be
cytokine release syndrome (CRS) alo
cytokine storm . Esia ate ŋu ahe dzesi vovovo siwo gblẽa nu le míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔɖoɖo geɖe ŋu vɛ. Ne womewɔ atike na dɔléle sia o la, ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me. Ne cytokines sɔ gbɔ akpa la, dɔdzẽ ƒe ŋuɖoɖoa dzina ɖe edzi. Dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme sia ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmekawo ŋu, si ahe dɔlélewo abe:
- Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔlélewo: Esia nye ne mía ŋutɔwo ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dze mía ŋutɔwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me dzi vodadatɔe.
- Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔlélewo:Kuxi siwo ku ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, si nye nusi dzi míaƒe ŋutilã tona trɔa nuɖuɖu wòzua ŋusẽ eye wòɖea gbeɖuɖɔ ɖa.
- Kansa
- Sepsis: Esiae nye esime ŋutilãa ƒe dɔdzẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu sẽ ale gbegbe be ʋu ƒe sisi yi ŋutinu gãwo me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Sepsis nye atikewɔwɔ kpata si ate ŋu awu ame.
Gake mègatsi dzi o. Ne cytokine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi ɖe edzi le wò ŋutilã me eye wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete le dɔ wɔm akpa la, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu aŋlɔ atikewo na wò be wòaɖe dɔdzẽ ma dzi akpɔtɔ.
Nukae nye cytokine panel?
Ðɔktawo ate ŋu anya ne wò ŋutilã le cytokines geɖe wɔm alo le ʋɛ akpa. Wowɔa esia kple nane si woyɔna be
cytokine panel . Esia nye ʋudodokpɔ bɔbɔe aɖe. Woɖea wò ʋu eye wokpɔa cytokines siwo do ƒome kple dɔdzẽ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ. Ne cytokine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ sɔ gbɔ la, efia be dɔdzẽa dzina ɖe edzi. Emegbe, woate ŋu adze atike siwo hiã la zazã gɔme.
Nu vevitɔ kekeake siwo dzi wòle be míaɖo ŋkui tso ŋutinya sia mee nye
Eyata, ɖewohĩ èse alesi gbegbe cytokines le vevie na dɔlélenutsiŋutete si le lãmesẽ me le míaƒe ŋutilã me gɔme azɔ. Abe nusianu ene la,
dadasɔ nye nu vevitɔ.
Ne cytokine ƒe dzesiwo le agbɔsɔsɔ nyuitɔ me eye wòle mɔ nyuitɔ nu la, ate ŋu akpɔ mía ta tso dɔlékuiwo xɔxɔ me. Gake ne cytokine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ va sɔ gbɔ akpa la, dɔdzẽ si gbɔ eme si dona tso eme ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ame ŋu ne womewɔ atike nɛ o.
Eyata ele vevie ŋutɔ be míanya kadodo wɔnuku sia si yia edzi le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Ne nyabiase alo ɖikeke aɖe le ŋuwò le esia ŋu la, mègahe ɖe megbe gbeɖe le nuƒoƒo kple ɖɔkta me o.
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