You are very happy to be a mother, but sometimes you can get scared about small things, right? During pregnancy, sometimes certain health problems , that is, complications, can occur that affect both you and your baby. But don't worry, if you recognize all these things in advance and treat them properly, you can prevent serious situations to a large extent. Your doctor is always attentive to such things. You should also go to every clinic and help them.
Why do these pregnancy complications occur?
Okay, now you're probably wondering why these pregnancy complications occur. It's really hard to say that there's only one cause. Sometimes it could be because of a pre-existing health condition. For example, something like diabetes or high blood pressure. Or it could be a new condition that develops because of pregnancy. That's why we say to follow your doctor's instructions exactly and go to every clinic. Because early detection is very important.
What are the common complications seen in early pregnancy?
Some complications can occur during the first few months of pregnancy. Let's take a look at what they are.
Ectopic pregnancy
This is called an ectopic pregnancy. Simply put, it is when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube. When this happens, the baby cannot develop. This requires surgery or medication to remove the tissue. It is important to recognize this very early.
Miscarriage
A miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Most often, this happens in the first trimester. In fact, between 10% and 20% of pregnancies end in miscarriage. This is a heartbreaking experience for many people. But remember, it is not your fault.
Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG)
Although morning sickness is common during pregnancy, this is a more serious condition. To be precise, it is called `(Hyperemesis Gravidarum - HG).` It is more severe than normal vomiting and is persistent. This can lead to dehydration, significant weight loss, and nutritional deficiencies. In such a situation, it is essential to seek medical advice.
Congenital disorders
Sometimes doctors may suspect that the baby has a congenital disorder . This means that the baby is born with a condition that is not easily diagnosed. If this happens, extra care and special tests may be needed during pregnancy. The baby may also need special care after birth.
Complications that may occur in late pregnancy
As the pregnancy progresses, other complications may arise.
Preeclampsia
Preeclampsia is a condition that can develop in the second half of pregnancy, or even up to six weeks after delivery. It can also cause protein in the urine. About 10% of pregnant women develop this condition. Those who already have high blood pressure are at higher risk. It can affect both the mother and the baby, so it is important to recognize and treat it early. However, this condition gradually subsides after the baby is born.
Gestational diabetes
This is called gestational diabetes . The hormones released during pregnancy can sometimes make it difficult to control your blood sugar levels. That's why blood sugar tests are done during pregnancy. Most people can control this with diet and exercise. Some people need medication. This usually gets better after the baby is born.
Preterm labor
Preterm labor is when a baby is born before the expected time, that is, before 37 weeks. This can lead to low birth weight, underdeveloped organs, and health problems after birth.
Infections
Many viral and bacterial infections can affect pregnancy.
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Yeast infection
- Bacterial infection called `(Group B strep)`
- Vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can also cause problems. Some infections, such as TORCH infections, can also be passed on to the baby, so this is something to be aware of.
Vaginal bleeding
If you are bleeding heavily during pregnancy, it is something you should tell a doctor about immediately. If you notice bleeding at any time, inform your doctor immediately.
Placenta problems (Placenta previa or placenta accreta)
Placental problems, such as placenta previa, where the placenta is located low in the uterus, or placenta accreta, where the placenta attaches too closely to the uterine wall, can affect pregnancy and delivery.
Low amniotic fluid `(Oligohydramnios)`
Oligohydramnios is when there is not enough amniotic fluid around the baby. This increases the risk of premature birth. Polyhydramnios is when there is too much amniotic fluid, and it can also cause complications, but it is more common to see a decrease.
Depression and anxiety
Feelings of extreme sadness and anxiety, whether during pregnancy or postpartum, can affect your baby's development. If you are having thoughts of harming yourself or your baby, please see a doctor as soon as possible. Don't be afraid to talk about this and get help.
Anemia
Anemia is a condition in which there are not enough red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. This can make you feel tired and lifeless. This is common during pregnancy, as your baby also needs more red blood cells to carry oxygen. Iron deficiency is the main cause of anemia. This can be prevented by taking iron tablets and eating iron-rich foods (such as spinach, meat, and poultry).
Who is most at risk for these complications?
Anyone can experience complications during pregnancy, but some people are at a slightly higher risk.
Pre-existing health conditions
Some pre-existing medical conditions may increase your risk of complications during pregnancy. For example:
- Diabetes
- Cancer
- High blood pressure. Some people have high blood pressure before they get pregnant, while others develop it during pregnancy. This high blood pressure can prevent the placenta from getting enough blood.
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Kidney diseases
- Epilepsy
- Anemia
Most medications for chronic conditions like these are safe to use during pregnancy. However, some medications may require a change in dosage or more frequent medical tests. Never stop taking your current medication or change the dosage without first consulting your doctor.
Other risk factors
- Being over 35 years old.
- Being under 20 years of age (especially young girls under 15 years of age).
- Smoking, drinking alcohol.
- Multiple pregnancies, like twins and triplets.
- If you have had a previous miscarriage.
- If you are obese.
- If you have a condition like anorexia, that is, a loss of appetite.
Do uterine fibroids cause problems during pregnancy?
Uterine fibroids usually do not cause any major problems during pregnancy. However, sometimes they can cause premature birth or a change in the baby's position (breech position). If a fibroid makes it difficult for the baby to come out of the vagina, it is safer to have a cesarean section (C-section).
Can birth control pills cause pregnancy complications?
There is no strong evidence that taking birth control pills early in pregnancy will harm the baby. However, you should stop taking all hormonal birth control as soon as you find out you are pregnant. If you suspect you are pregnant, take a pregnancy test immediately.
What can we do to prevent these complications?
While we can't control some complications, there are things we can do to reduce the risk. Think of it this way, it's like being careful when driving.
- Staying healthy before you get pregnant: This means managing pre-existing conditions, reaching a healthy weight, and quitting smoking.
- Attending every clinic and ultrasound scan that the doctor prescribes: This is something that must be done.
- Informing your doctor about any unusual symptoms you are experiencing: Don't be afraid to mention even the smallest thing.
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle: Eat nutritious foods (vegetables, fruits, and herbs) throughout pregnancy, do regular doctor-approved exercise, and completely avoid alcohol and smoking.
- Trying to reduce stress: It is very important to get enough rest and keep your mind happy.
- Taking the prenatal vitamin prescribed by the doctor correctly.
- Do not take any medicine without your doctor's approval.
How common are pregnancy complications? And is there a risk of death?
Most people don't have any major complications during pregnancy. Studies show that about 8% of pregnancies end in complications that can be harmful to you or your baby if left untreated. That's why we say it's important to recognize and treat these early.
In fact, in some countries of the world, there are cases of mothers dying due to pregnancy complications. But because we have good health services like our country, and because these conditions are identified and treated early, that risk is very low. The most important thing is to identify the symptoms early and seek treatment. According to the World Health Organization, many deaths are preventable, especially if they are identified and treated early.
Often leads to serious conditions:
- Heart disease and circulatory system issues (including high blood pressure).
- Infection or sepsis.
- Excessive bleeding.
- Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blood clot in the lungs.
People with pre-existing chronic conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, are at higher risk of complications during pregnancy. If you have such a chronic condition, it is very important to consult a doctor before getting pregnant.
Are there any special complications that arise when young people get pregnant?
If a young girl, such as one under the age of 15, becomes pregnant, there is a higher chance of some complications.
- Premature birth.
- Anemia.
- High blood pressure during pregnancy (Pregnancy-induced hypertension - PIH) or (Toxemia).
- Cephalopelvic disproportion (the baby's head is larger than the mother's pelvic opening).
Also, research has shown that the mortality rate is higher among babies of young parents.
When should I see a doctor as soon as possible?
It's important to talk to your doctor about any symptoms you experience during pregnancy. This will help them diagnose and treat any problems you may have. If you have any of these symptoms, tell your doctor right away:
- If there is excessive bleeding or a watery fluid coming out of the vagina.
- If you have a persistent, severe headache.
- If your body suddenly swells, especially your hands, legs, and face.
- If you feel dizzy or your vision is blurry.
- If you have stomach pain or cramping (especially if it is severe and persistent).
- If you have a fever, chills, or feel like vomiting.
- If your baby's movements (stirring) seem to be less than usual.
It's normal to feel scared when you find out you have a pregnancy complication. It's also normal to feel worried about your baby and yourself. But many pregnancy complications, especially if caught early, can be treated. The best thing you can do is go to every clinic and scan. Don't be afraid to ask your doctor questions about your diagnosis. They can put your mind at ease. Share your symptoms with them so they can get you the right treatment quickly.
The most important things for you to remember (Take-Home Message)
Pregnancy is a very beautiful time, but it is also a time to be careful.
The most important thing is to listen to what your doctor says, go to every clinic, and let them know about anything unusual you feel.
Many complications can be successfully managed if detected early. So don't be afraid, talk openly with your doctor. May you find the strength to be a healthy, happy mother!
` Pregnancy complications, pregnancy, childbirth, women's health, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, miscarriage, abortion, premature birth, anemia
💬 අදහස් (0)
තවමත් කිසිදු අදහසක් පළ කර නොමැත. ඔබේ අදහස පළමු වරට මෙහි එක් කරන්න.
ඔබේ අදහස එක් කරන්න