Are you thinking about a family planning method? Or do you have some questions about the method you are already using? So today we are talking about the hormonal IUD , which is a popular and very successful family planning method among many people. You will find answers to almost all your questions about this in this article.
What is this hormonal IUD?
Simply put, it's a small, T-shaped plastic device that your doctor inserts into your uterus. Once inserted, it releases a very small amount of a hormone called progestin . This is what helps prevent pregnancy .
Another good thing about this is that once inserted, you will continue to be protected for three to eight years. But that doesn't mean you have to keep it in for that long. You can have it removed by a doctor at any time. It's very easy. Although not available in Sri Lanka, there are different types of IUDs abroad like Mirena®, Liletta®, Kyleena®, Skyla®. Although they all contain the same hormone, the time they can be used varies.
How does this work inside the body?
There are two ways this works very cleverly.
1. Thickens cervical mucus: Imagine there is heavy traffic on a road. It is difficult to move around, right? In the same way, this IUD thickens the cervical mucus. Then the chances of sperm traveling up the uterus and meeting an egg are greatly reduced.
2. Stopping ovulation : This can stop some women from releasing an egg from an ovary (ovulation). So, if there is no egg for a sperm to fertilize, there is no way for a pregnancy to occur.
What are the advantages, disadvantages, and risks of this?
As with anything, this method has its advantages as well as some risks. It is very important for you to be clear about these.
| Pros | Cons & Risks |
|---|---|
| Very effective: Over 99% effective. That means the chance of pregnancy is very low. | No protection against STIs: This is very important. It does not protect against any sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS. |
| Long-lasting and convenient: Once you put it on, you don't have to worry about it for years. This is a great solution for those who forget to take their pills every day. | IUD detachment: Very rarely, the IUD can spontaneously detach. This risk is slightly higher for women who have had multiple children. |
| Reduced menstrual pain and bleeding: This provides relief for those who have heavy, painful periods. For some, menstruation may even stop altogether. | Perforation of the uterine wall: This is also very rare. When the IUD is inserted, a hole can form in the uterine wall. If this happens, it can cause severe pain and bleeding. |
| Regaining fertility: If you want to have a baby, your fertility will return to normal as soon as the IUD is removed. | Risk of infection: If someone with an undiagnosed sexually transmitted disease (STD) gets the IUD inserted, it can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). |
Does this have side effects?
Yes, some people may experience minor side effects at first. But don't worry, most of these will go away on their own within 3 to 6 months.
The most important thing is, if any of these side effects are very bothersome to you, or persist, be sure to talk to your doctor.
These are the things that can happen in the early stages:
- Feeling some discomfort.
- Spotting during menstruation.
- In the first few months, your period may bleed a little more than usual.
- Headaches , breast pain, and mood swings.
Will this make you feel bigger?
This is a question that many people ask. Many studies have shown that hormonal birth control does not cause significant weight gain. So there is no need to worry too much about it.
Who is this method not good for?
While the hormonal IUD is safe for most people, it may not be right for some. If you have any of the conditions below, you should definitely talk to your doctor before considering this method.
- If you have had cancer of the uterus or cervix.
- If you have vaginal bleeding without knowing the exact cause.
- If you currently have a sexually transmitted disease ( STI ) or other pelvic infection.
A few more things to know
- How quickly does it start working?: If you insert the IUD within 7 days of your period, you will be protected from that day on. However, if you insert it after 7 days, you will need to use an additional form of birth control, such as a condom, for the first week.
- Can you get pregnant while wearing an IUD?: The chances of this happening are very low, but it can happen in rare cases. If you have even the slightest suspicion that you are pregnant while wearing an IUD, see a doctor immediately.
- Talk to your doctor: It's best to talk to your doctor to decide if this method is right for you, what type is best for you, and what its pros and cons are.
Take-Home Message
- The hormonal IUD is a birth control method that is over 99% effective, long-lasting, and can be removed at any time.
- This can reduce pain and heavy bleeding during menstruation.
- It is normal to experience minor side effects during the first few months, and they often go away over time.
- While this prevents pregnancy, it does not protect against any sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV. It is important to use a method such as a condom for this.
- Always consult with your doctor before deciding if this method is right for you.
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