Menene Jijiyoyin Trigeminal? Bari mu koyi game da shi a sauƙaƙe!

Sannu! Shin ka taɓa tunanin jijiyoyin da ke fuskarka? Wataƙila a'a, ko ba haka ba? Amma akwai wata jijiya ta musamman a fuskarmu wadda ke taimakawa wajen abubuwa da yawa masu muhimmanci, kamar jin daɗi da tauna abinci. Wannan ita ce jijiya da za mu yi magana a kai a yau.

Mene ne jijiyar Trigeminal?

A taƙaice dai, jijiyar trigeminal ɗinka babban jijiya ne mai sassa uku a cikin kanka. Ana kuma kiransa Cranial Nerve 5 , ko CN V. A taƙaice dai, yana aika sigina daga kwakwalwarka zuwa sassa daban-daban na fuskarka da kuma daga fuskarka zuwa kwakwalwarka. Kamar mai aiko da saƙo ne mai hanyoyi biyu. Kana da waɗannan jijiyoyi biyu na trigeminal—ɗaya a gefen dama na fuskarka, ɗayan kuma a hagu. Yana ɗaya daga cikin jijiyoyi 12 na cranial a cikin kanmu. Abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne cewa jijiyar trigeminal ita ce mafi girma a cikinsu duka.

Jijiyoyin trigeminal suna da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen samar da jin daɗi ga babban yanki na fuskarka kuma suna taimaka maka yin abubuwa kamar tauna abinci. Amma ba ma yin tunani sosai game da wannan jijiya har sai kai ko wani da ka sani yana da wata cuta kamar trigeminal neuralgia (ciwo mai tsanani a fuska), ko ba haka ba?

Mene ne aikin jijiyar trigeminal?

To, yanzu bari mu ga abin da ke faruwa da wannan jijiya. Jijiyar trigeminal ɗinku tana ba da bayanai game da motsi , ko motsi, bayanai, da motsin rai , ko ji, ga kai da fuska.

Zaruruwan jijiyoyi masu motsi suna gaya wa tsokoki lokacin da kuma yadda ake motsa su. Zaruruwan jijiyoyi masu ji suna gaya wa kwakwalwarka game da abubuwa kamar zafi, taɓawa, da zafin jiki a fatar jikinka.

Jijiyar trigeminal ta kasu kashi uku:

• Jijiyoyin ido (V1)
• Jijiyoyin Maxillary (V2)
• Jijiyoyin Mandibular (V3)

Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan rassan yana da nasa ayyukan. Bari mu duba hakan ma.

Aikin reshen jijiyar ido (V1)

Kalmar 'ophthalmic' tana nufin 'wanda ya shafi ido' . Wannan reshe na jijiyar ido yana ba da jin daɗi ga fuska da kwanyarka, musamman ta hanyar buɗewa tsakanin fatar idonka. Hakanan yana ba da jin daɗi ga wasu sassan hancinka.

Zaruruwan jijiyoyi masu tausayi da ke cikin wannan reshe na jijiya suna taimakawa wajen faɗaɗa ƙwallayen ido. Suna kuma ba da jin daɗi ga waɗannan sassan ido:

• Jikin Ciliary
• Iris (iris na ido)
• Lacrimal gland
• Conjunctiva
• Cornea (ɓangaren ido mai haske)

Aikin reshen jijiyar Maxillary (V2)

Maxillary tana nufin muƙamuƙinka na sama . Wannan jijiyar tana ba da ji, ko kuma ji, ga waɗannan sassan jikinka:

• Sassan ramin hanci
• Jakunkunan iska (sinus)
• Hakoran saman ciki
• Faleta
• Tsakiyar fuskarka da kwanyarka - wato, yankin da ke ƙasa da idanu da kuma sama da baki.

Aikin reshen jijiya na Mandibular (Mandibular - V3)

'Mandibular' yana da alaƙa da ƙananan muƙamuƙinka . Wannan reshen jijiya shine mafi girma daga cikin ukun. Hakanan yana da zaruruwan ji da kuma zaruruwan motsi. Sassan da ke ba da jin daɗi, ko jin daɗi, sune:

• Ciki na kuncinka (mucosa na hanji)
• Kasan bakinka
• Hakoran ƙashin ƙugu
• Harshenka
• Fata a ƙarƙashin baki

Wannan ɓangaren motsa jiki yana ba da bayanai game da motsin dukkan tsokoki da ake buƙata don yin mastic. Waɗannan tsokoki sune:

• Tsokoki masu ƙarfi
• Tsokoki na Temporalis
• Tsokokin Pterygoid

Ba wai kawai haka ba, har ma da jijiyar mandibular tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗiyewa, tana taimaka wa tsokar digastric da tsokar mylohyoid .

Ina ne jijiyar trigeminal take?

Kamar yadda na ambata a baya, kana da jijiyoyi biyu na trigeminal, ɗaya a kowane gefen kanka. Waɗannan suna farawa a cikin kwakwalwarka. Sannan suna yaɗuwa a cikin kanka kuma su rabu zuwa waɗannan rassan guda uku.

Mene ne tsarin jikin jijiya na trigeminal?

Tsarin, ko siffar, jijiyar trigeminal ɗinka tana kama da rassan bishiya da ke fitowa daga kwakwalwarka har zuwa fuskarka. Bari mu dubi yadda hakan ke aiki:

• Jijiyoyin trigeminal suna farawa a cikin kwakwalwarka da ƙwayoyin cuta guda huɗu - wurare huɗu inda aka haɗa jikin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi wuri ɗaya. Uku daga cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna da alhakin bayanai na jijiyoyi. Na huɗu yana sarrafa aikin motsi (motsi).
• Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ji guda uku suna haɗuwa don samar da tushen ji guda ɗaya kusa da pons, babban ɓangaren tsakiya na tushen kwakwalwarka .
• Wannan jijiyar da ke fitowa daga tushen kwakwalwa a kowane gefe, ta zama ganglion na trigeminal . (Ganglion tarin jikin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi ne a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin ku na gefe.)
• Kowace ƙwayar trigeminal tana gaban kunnenka, a kowane gefen kanka, kusa da goshinka. Musamman ma, tana cikin wani wuri mai cike da ruwan cerebrospinal da ake kira Meckel's kogo . Wannan yana tsakanin layuka biyu na membrane da ake kira dura mater wanda ke rufe ƙashin jikinka.
• Sai wannan trigeminal ganglion ya rabu zuwa rassan guda uku na jijiyoyin ido, na sama, da na ƙasa waɗanda muka yi magana a kansu. Waɗannan rassan suna gudana a gefen kai, suna miƙewa zuwa kowane ɓangare na jikinka.

Waɗanne yanayi ne ke shafar jijiyar trigeminal?

Abin takaici, wani lokacin yanayi daban-daban na iya faruwa wanda ke shafar aikin jijiyar trigeminal. Misali:

• Raunin kai ko yanayin kwakwalwa.
• Matsi da jijiyoyin jini na kusa, ciwace-ciwacen daji, ko kumburi ke haifarwa.
• Kumburi da wasu cututtuka ke haifarwa. Misali , cutar Herpes Zoster (wannan shine abin da ke haifar da cutar da ake kira Shingles ).
• Matsalolin tsarin zagayawar jini, misali cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta .
• Yanayin garkuwar jiki , misali , scleroderma da Sjögren's syndrome .
• Raunin da ya faru a lokacin tiyatar kwakwalwa, fuska, ko hakori.

Ga wasu takamaiman yanayin lafiya da ke da alaƙa da matsalolin jijiyoyin trigeminal:

• Ciwon Jijiyoyin ...ni: Wannan yanayi ne mai radadi na dogon lokaci wanda ke haifar da ciwo mai tsanani a fuska. Sau da yawa yana faruwa ne lokacin da jijiyoyin jini kusa da tushen kwakwalwa suka matsa kan jijiyar jijiya.
• Ciwon Jijiyoyin ...
• Ciwon Kai na Ƙungiya: Wannan nau'in ciwon kai ne da ke faruwa a gefe ɗaya na kai kuma yana ɗaukar mintuna 15 zuwa awanni 3. Wannan ciwon na iya faruwa kowace rana, makonni, ko watanni. Sau da yawa, yana faruwa a lokaci ɗaya na rana, har sau 8 a rana. Shanyewar jiki ko kumburin wani ɓangare na jijiyar trigeminal na iya haifar da wannan ciwon kai na ƙungiyar.
• Ciwon Lateral Medullary ko Ciwon Wallenberg:Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne bayan wani abu da ya shafi kwararar jini zuwa ga tushen kwakwalwarka, kamar bugun jini ko gudan jini. Wannan yana shafar aikin jijiyar trigeminal, yana haifar da alamu kamar wahalar haɗiyewa, jiri, da kuma motsin ido ba tare da son rai ba.

Ana magance matsalolin jijiyoyi na trigeminal dangane da dalilin da ya sa. Ƙaramin lalacewa yawanci yakan iya warkewa akan lokaci. Duk da haka, a lokuta da ba kasafai ake samun tiyata ba, ana iya buƙatar sake haɗa jijiya da aka yanke. Wasu mutane ma suna iya buƙatar samun dashen jijiya mai lafiya ( dashen jijiya ) don maye gurbin dashen jijiya da ya lalace.

Mene ne alamun lalacewar jijiyoyi na trigeminal?

Alamomin lalacewar jijiyoyi na trigeminal na iya bambanta sosai. Wannan saboda jijiya tana da girma sosai kuma tana da ayyuka da yawa. Dangane da inda jijiya ta lalace, lalacewar na iya shafar ƙaramin yanki ne kawai (kamar wani ɓangare na danshi) ko babban yanki (kamar gefe ɗaya na fuskarka).

Wasu daga cikin alamun lalacewar jijiyoyi na trigeminal sun haɗa da:

• Jin ƙaiƙayi ko kauri a fuska.
• Ciwon fuska.
• Ƙuraje a cikin hanci ( ƙarce-ƙarce a kan cornea na ido).
• Rashin gani.
• Ƙara ko rauni a cikin tsokoki na muƙamuƙi.
• Wahalar taunawa, magana, ko haɗiyewa.

Muhimmi: Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka ga likita nan take .

Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar jijiyar trigeminal dina?

Gaskiya ne, ba zai yiwu a hana duk wata lalacewa ga jijiyar trigeminal ba. Duk da haka, waɗannan matakan na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyin ku - gami da jijiyar trigeminal:

• Ku ci abinci mai gina jiki, musamman abinci mai wadataccen bitamin D da bitamin B12 . Waɗannan bitamin suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar jijiyoyi.
• Kula da yanayi na dogon lokaci wanda zai iya lalata jijiyoyi, kamar ciwon suga da hawan jini .
• Idan kana shan taba, nemi taimako don daina shan taba. Shan taba yana rage kwararar jini zuwa jijiyoyinka.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace da ke.
• Rage damuwa ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin lafiya kamar yin zuzzurfan tunani da tafiya.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna

Don haka, za ka iya ganin muhimmancin wannan jijiyar trigeminal ga abubuwa kamar jin a fuskarka da kuma tauna abinci. Kawai ka yi tunanin yadda abubuwa za su yi mana wahala ba tare da wannan jijiyar ba.

Idan ka taɓa samun matsala da idanunka, muƙamuƙi, ko kuma wani abu da ba a saba gani ba a fuskarka, kamar ciwo ko suma, yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon wani irin lahani ga jijiyar trigeminal. Idan hakan ta faru, tabbatar da ganin likita. Za su iya gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da suka dace don tantance ko wannan ya faru ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyar trigeminal.

Kamar kowane ɓangare na jikinmu, muna buƙatar kula da waɗannan jijiyoyi sosai.

` Jijiyoyin trigeminal, jijiyar fuska, ciwon kai, jijiyoyin kwakwalwa, tsarin juyayi