Shin ɗanka yana buƙatar taimako? Menene Masanin Ilimin Halayyar Yara?

Wani lokaci za ka iya jin cewa ƙaramin yaronka yana da wata matsala ta hankali, wata matsala ta hankali, ko kuma wani canji a halayensa. Don haka, a irin waɗannan lokutan, yana da wahala mu magance waɗannan abubuwa da kanmu, ko ba haka ba? A lokacin ne masanin ilimin halayyar yara (Masanin ilimin halayyar yara) Muna daraja taimakon wani da ake kira masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam . A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da wanene masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na yara, irin taimakon da zai iya bayarwa, da kuma yadda za a yanke shawara ko ɗanku yana buƙatar taimakon irin wannan mutumin.

Wanene wannan masanin ilimin halayyar yara?

A taƙaice dai, ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar yara ƙwararre ne mai horo na musamman da ƙwarewa a fannin likitanci don gano da kuma magance matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, motsin rai, zamantakewa, da kuma ɗabi'a a jarirai, yara ƙanana, da ƙananan yara .

Ka yi tunanin su kamar masana ilimin halayyar yara ne. Suna da kyakkyawar fahimta game da:

• Game da menene ainihin buƙatun ilimin halayyar yara da matasa .
• Yadda iyalin yaro da sauran alaƙar zamantakewa (kamar makaranta, abokai) ke shafar ci gabansa, ci gabansa , da halayensa na zamantakewa da motsin rai.
• Suna kuma da ilimi na musamman game da yanayi daban-daban na tunani da halaye da ke shafar yara.

Me likitan ilimin halayyar yara ke yi?

Masanin ilimin halayyar yara yana amfani da hanyoyi da ƙwarewa daban-daban yayin aiki tare da yara. Bari mu duba menene su:

• Kimantawa: Ana yin gwaje-gwaje da kimantawa daban-daban don tantance matsalolin tunani, tunani, fahimta (da suka shafi ilimi da fahimta), da kuma ɗabi'u . Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gano ainihin matsalar.
• Shawara da Magani: Ana taimaka wa yara ta amfani da hanyoyi kamar Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam (wanda aka fi sani da Maganin Magana) da Gudanar da Halayya .
• Maganin tunani na nufin yin magana da yaron, fahimtar tunaninsa da matsalolinsa, taimaka masa ya magance su, da kuma nemo mafita.
• ` Gudanar da Ɗabi'a tsari ne na canza ɗabi'un da ba su dace ba na yaro da kuma taimaka masa ya gina ɗabi'u nagari.
• Shirye-shiryen rigakafi: An tsara shirye-shirye ne don hana wasu matsaloli kafin su faru. Misali, shirye-shirye don hana cin zarafi a makarantu, shirye-shiryen hana shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, da shirye-shirye don hana daukar ciki ga matasa.
• Haɗa kai da sauran ƙwararru: Muna aiki tare da sauran likitoci, malamai, da sauran ma'aikatan lafiya waɗanda ke aiki tare da yara don samar da mafi kyawun kulawa ga yaron.

Wani lokaci, idan yaro yana da rashin lafiya ta jiki (misali, yaro da ke fama da ciwo mai ɗorewa, matsalolin barci , ko rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci), ana ƙara masu ilimin halayyar yara cikin ƙungiyar likitoci don samar da tallafin tunani ga yaron.

Kula da yara ya bambanta da kula da manya. Saboda yara sun bambanta a shekaru, matakin fahimta, da kuma balaga fiye da manya, masana ilimin halayyar yara suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na magani waɗanda suka dace da shekarun yaron da takamaiman yanayinsa. Wani lokaci, dangane da shekarun yaron da buƙatunsa, masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam zai iya yin magana da kai (mahaifi/mai kula da shi) shi kaɗai ya ba da shawara kan yadda za a renon yaron da kuma yadda za a sarrafa halayen yaron.

Ga wasu irin waɗannan magunguna:

• Maganin Fasaha
• Maganin Halayya
• Maganin Wasan Yara Mai Tsari
• Maganin Hulɗa tsakanin Yara da Iyaye
• Maganin Kula da Fushin Yara
• Maganin Rauni ga Yara
• Maganin Halayyar Fahimta (CBT)
• Maganin Halayyar Magana (DBT)
• Maganin Mai da Hankali Kan Motsin Rai
• Rukuni ko Maganin Iyali
• Maganin Kiɗa
• Maganin Sana'a
• Maganin Hulɗa tsakanin Iyaye da Yara

Menene bambanci tsakanin Masanin Ilimin Halayyar Yara da Masanin Ilimin Ilimin Halayyar Yara?

Wataƙila ka ɗan ruɗe game da waɗannan biyun. Dukansu mutane ne da ke taimaka wa lafiyar kwakwalwa ta yara. Amma akwai wasu ƙananan bambance-bambance.

• Mai Ilimin Ra'ayin Yara: Mai ilimin ra'ayin yara yawanci yana da digiri na biyu a fannin da ya shafi lafiyar kwakwalwa (kamar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, ilimin halayyar ba da shawara, aure da kuma ilimin iyali). Mai ilimin ra'ayin yara ya cancanci ya tantance lafiyar kwakwalwa da halayyar yara da kuma amfani da dabarun magani kamar maganin magana. Masu ilimin ra'ayin yara galibi suna mai da hankali kan magance matsaloli .

• Masanin Ilimin Halayyar Yara: Yana da Digirin Digiri na uku (PhD ko PsyD). Sau da yawa suna da horo mai zurfi a binciken ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ko aikin asibiti. Suna iya yin gwaje-gwaje da yawa waɗanda masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ba za su iya ba .Masana ilimin halayyar yara na iya yin wannan. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna taimakawa wajen gano matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ilmantarwa kamar ADHD (Rashin Hankali Mai Rage Yawan Aiki), Ciwon Autism, da nakasassun ilmantarwa .

Muhimmi: Likitocin yara ko kuma masana ilimin halayyar yara ba za su iya rubuta magani ba . Idan yaronka yana da wata matsala ta hankali da ke buƙatar magani, ya kamata ka kai shi ko ita wurin likitan ilimin halayyar yara . Likitan tabin hankali likita ne mai digirin likitanci wanda ya ƙware wajen gano cututtuka, magance su, da kuma hana matsalolin tunani, motsin rai, da ɗabi'a. Su ne waɗanda za su iya rubuta magani.

Ya kamata ɗana ya je wurin likitan kwantar da hankali ko masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam?

Ko da yake akwai kamanceceniya da yawa a cikin aikin duka biyun, akwai wasu bambance-bambance bayyanannu a cikin ayyukan da kai da ɗanka ke samu daga gare su.

Yaronka zai iya amfana daga ganin likitan kwantar da hankali a cikin waɗannan yanayi:

• Idan yaron yana buƙatar tallafi ta motsin rai da kuma wanda zai yi magana da shi game da yadda yake ji.
• Idan yaron yana fama da damuwa, baƙin ciki, fushi, ko manyan canje-canje a rayuwa .
• Idan kana buƙatar taimako wajen magance matsalar ɗanka da kuma shawo kan ɗabi'un da ke kawo cikas .
• Idan kana son yaronka ya riƙa ganin wani a kai a kai, amma ba ya buƙatar magani ko taimako game da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa masu sarkakiya .

Yaronka zai iya amfana daga ganin likitan ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin waɗannan yanayi:

• Idan kana tunanin yaronka yana da wata matsala da ke shafar hulɗar koyo ko zamantakewa (misali, ADHD, nakasa ta koyo, Cutar Autism Spectrum).
• Idan yaronka yana buƙatar taimako wajen magance matsalolin motsin rai ko na ɗabi'a .
• Idan kana buƙatar ƙarin bayani game da ganewar asali game da ɗanka.
• Ɗaya daga cikin manufofinka shine gano irin canje-canje da za ka iya yi a gida da kuma irin canje-canjen da makarantar ɗanka za ta iya yi don tallafa wa ɗanka . (Misali, ƙirƙiri 'IEP - Tsarin Ilimi na Musamman', wato, tsarin ilimi na musamman ga ɗanka.) Makarantu galibi suna son yin aiki tare da likitan halayyar ɗan adam don irin waɗannan abubuwa.

Wadanne yanayi ne masana ilimin halayyar yara ke kula da su?

Masana ilimin halayyar yara na iya magance matsaloli daban-daban na ɗabi'a, motsin rai, zamantakewa, da kuma lafiyar kwakwalwa a cikin yara da matasa. Suna kuma taimaka musu su shawo kan yanayi masu wahala a makaranta, a gida, da kuma a rayuwar yau da kullun.

Ga wasu irin waɗannan yanayi:

• Cin zarafi: Cin zarafi ta jiki, ta motsin rai, ta hanyar jima'i ko kuma sakaci ga yara.
• Matsalolin fushi .
• Daidaitawa da rayuwa tare da sabon ganewar asali ko rashin lafiya mai ɗorewa.
• Yin nasarar jure wa saki ko wasu matsalolin iyali .
• Nakasassun ci gaba da ilmantarwa: ADHD (cutar rashin kulawa da hankali), nakasassun tunani, nakasassun Autism, Dyslexia (wahalar karatu), da kuma nakasassun sadarwa.
• Matsalolin Halayya Masu Rugujewa: Matsalolin Ɗabi'a da Matsalolin Halayya Masu Tauye Hakki.
• Matsalolin Cin Abinci: Rashin Cin Abinci Mai Tsanani, Bulimia, da Rashin Cin Abinci Mai Tsanani.
• Baƙin ciki da asara .
• Matsalolin asali da girman kai: Misali, Ciwon Dysmorphic na Jiki (damuwa ta al'ada game da jikin mutum).
• Yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa: 'Baƙin ciki', 'Damuwa', 'Phobia', 'Rashin Lafiyar da ke damun mutum (OCD)', da kuma 'Rashin Lafiyar da ke Bayan Rauni (PTSD)'.
• Matsaloli a cikin dangantakar zamantakewa .
• Matsalolin barci: Rashin barci, mafarkai masu ban tsoro, da kuma fargabar barci.
• Damuwa da manyan canje-canje a rayuwa ke haifarwa .

Ta yaya zan san ko ɗana yana buƙatar ganin likitan ilimin halayyar yara?

Maganin gargajiya kayan aiki ne mai mahimmanci ga manya da yara, yana samar da wuri mai aminci don tattaunawa da kuma fuskantar matsalolin rayuwa, yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa, ko matsalolin ɗan lokaci.

Babu wanda ya fi ku sanin ɗanku. Idan kuna tunanin ɗanku yana fama da aikin makaranta, dangantaka da abokai, daidaita motsin rai, ɗabi'a, da/ko ilmantarwa, zai iya amfana daga ganin likitan ilimin halayyar yara.

Ka yi tunanin, ɗanka yana jin daɗi sosai a makaranta, yana wasa da abokansa. Amma yanzu yana kama da yana baƙin ciki a kowane lokaci, baya magana da kowa, baya yin aikinsa na makaranta da kyau, kuma koyaushe yana fushi. A lokacin ne muke buƙatar yin taka tsantsan.

Ga wasu yanayi da halaye na yau da kullun waɗanda zasu iya nuna cewa yaronku yana buƙatar taimakon likitan ilimin halayyar yara:

• Idan ɗanka yana fuskantar babban sauyi ko yanayi mai wahala (misali, cin zarafi, matsalolin lafiya, saki na iyaye, ƙaura zuwa sabon birni ko makaranta).
• Idan matsalolin tunani, motsin rai, da/ko halayen yaronka suka fara muni akan lokaci maimakon su inganta .
• Idan yaronka ko iyalinka sun fuskanci mummunan rauni (misali, mutuwa, haɗari, cin zarafi).
• Ka lura da manyan canje-canje a cikin halayen ɗanka da/ko halayensa.Idan ka gani.
• Idan yaron yana da matsala wajen yin abokai da kuma riƙe su .
• Idan aikin yaron yana raguwa a fannin karatu ko kuma yana yawan samun matsalolin ɗabi'a a makaranta .

Ta yaya mutum zai zama ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar yara?

Wannan tafiya ce mai tsawo. Domin zama ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar yara, kuna buƙatar kammala waɗannan abubuwan cikin nasara (wannan galibi ana karɓarsa a ƙasashen waje, ana buƙatar irin waɗannan takaddun shaida a Sri Lanka):

• Digiri na shekaru huɗu (digiri na farko) daga jami'a.
• Sannan digiri na biyu na shekaru huɗu zuwa shida (digiri na uku - digiri na uku ko na uku). A cikin wannan, kuna yin nazarin ilimin halayyar yara musamman.
• Aikin horo na cikakken lokaci na shekara ɗaya a lokacin digirin ku na digiri na biyu.
• Jarrabawar matakin ƙasa da ƙarin jarrabawa da suka shafi yankin/ƙasar da ake hidima.
• A ƙasashe da yawa, dole ne ka kammala wani shekara na horo mai kulawa kafin ka zama ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar yara mai lasisi.
• Yawancin masana ilimin halayyar yara suna yin horo bayan digiri na uku don samun ilimi na musamman.

Ana buƙatar ƙwararrun masana ilimin halayyar yara masu lasisi su halarci shirye-shiryen ci gaba da ilimi, kamar tarurruka, bincike, da darussa, kowace shekara a tsawon ayyukansu don ci gaba da samun sabbin bayanai game da sabbin abubuwan da suka faru a fanninsu.

Takaitaccen Bayani: Abubuwan da ya kamata mu tuna

Zai iya zama da wahala a yarda cewa ɗanka yana fama da matsalar tunani, motsin rai, zamantakewa, ko ɗabi'a, amma yana da mahimmanci a nemi taimakon ƙwararru.

Masanin ilimin halayyar yara zai iya taimaka wa yaronka ya yi magana game da yadda yake ji da kuma fahimtarsa ​​a cikin yanayi mai aminci, mai goyon baya, kuma mara yanke hukunci . Su ƙwararru ne a fanninsu. Haka kuma suna da kyakkyawar fahimtar sabbin bincike da hanyoyin magancewa waɗanda za su iya taimaka wa yaronka. Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗanka zai yi aiki tare da kai da ɗanka don tantance mafi kyawun tsarin magani ga ɗanka.

Kada ka damu. Ba kai kaɗai ba ne. Neman taimako ba alama ce ta rauni ba, alama ce da ke nuna kana kula da ɗanka.

` Ilimin halin yara, lafiyar kwakwalwa, halayyar yara, magani, ba da shawara ga iyaye, ADHD, autism