Komai game da fatar jikinka, farce, da gashinka! - Bari mu koyi game da Tsarin Integumentary.

Sannu! Yaya kake? A yau za mu yi magana game da wani muhimmin tsari a jikinmu, amma wanda wataƙila ba ma tunani sosai a kai. Wannan shine mafi girman sashin jikinmu. Yana kama da suturar kariya da muke sanyawa a jikinmu.

Menene wannan da ake kira Tsarin Integumentary?

A taƙaice dai, wannan shine mafi girman sashin jikinka. Ya haɗa da fatar jikinka, farce, gashi , da kuma gland da jijiyoyi a cikin fata. Ka yi tunanin hakan a matsayin garkuwa ga jikinmu. Wannan tsarin yana kare jikinmu daga ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, raunuka, haɗurra, har ma da hasken rana mai ƙarfi. Ba wai kawai haka ba, yana kuma taimakawa wajen daidaita zafin jikinmu kuma yana ba mu damar jin abubuwa kamar zafi da sanyi. Shin ba abin mamaki ba ne?

To da me aka yi wannan tsarin rufe fata?

Yana kama da gabobi. Akwai manyan sassa da dama: fata, farce, gashi, da gland. Hakanan yana da jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke taimaka masa.

Bari mu fara magana game da fatarmu.

Shin kun san cewa fatar jikinku ita ce babbar gaɓar jiki kuma mafi nauyi a jikinku? Tana da nauyin kimanin kilogiram 2.7 (fam 6) a matsakaici. Tana da kauri kusan milimita 2. Amma tana da siriri a wurare masu laushi kamar fatar ido. Tana da kauri a wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai yawa, kamar tafin ƙafafu. Akwai ƙwayoyin halitta kusan miliyan 19 a cikin inci ɗaya kawai na fatar jikinku! Abin mamaki ne, ko ba haka ba?

Fatar jikinmu ta ƙunshi manyan layuka uku. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan layukan yana ɗauke da jijiyoyi waɗanda ke gano ji daban-daban:

• Epidermis: Wannan shine saman fatar jiki. Wannan shine ɓangaren da zaka iya gani da taɓawa. Ya ƙunshi manyan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda uku: melanocytes (ƙwayoyin da ke ba fata launinta), keratinocytes (ƙwayoyin da ke ba fata ƙarfi da hana ruwa shiga), da kuma ƙwayoyin Langerhans (ƙwayoyin da ke taimakawa wajen garkuwar jiki). Wannan Layer shine abin da ke ba fatarmu launinta kuma yana kare ta daga ruwa.
• Dermis: Wannan shine tsakiyar fata. Wannan shine mafi kauri. Glandan gumi, sebaceous gland, da gashin gashi suna cikin wannan Layer.
• Hypodermis: Wannan shine Layer ɗin da ke ƙarƙashin fata. Yana da wani Layer na kitse. Yana taimakawa wajen riƙe zafin jikinmu.

Yanzu bari mu kalli ƙusoshin.

Yatsun hannunmu, wato, ƙarshen yatsunmu da yatsun hannunmu, suna da kariya daga ƙusa. Akwai wasu manyan sassan ƙusa:

• Farantin farce: Sashen tauri na farce da za ku iya gani.
• Gadon farce: Fatar da ke ƙarƙashin farantin farce.
• Cuticle: Siraran fata a ƙasan farantin farce.
• Tushen Farce / Matrix na Farce: Sashen "tushen" farce wanda ke da alhakin samuwarsa, wato, girma.
• Lunula: Farin wuri mai siffar wata a kan gadon ƙusa. Wasu mutane suna ganin wannan a sarari, yayin da wasu ba su da shi sosai.

Na gaba, bari mu yi magana game da gashinmu.

Gashinmu ba wai kawai don kyau bane. Gashin kanmu yana taimakawa wajen riƙe zafin jiki. Gashin ido da gira suna kare idanunmu daga ƙura da ruwa.

Gashinmu an yi shi ne da furotin da ake kira keratin . Akwai manyan sassa uku na gashin da ke daure da gashi:

• Shaft na gashi: Sashen gashi da za ka iya gani, taɓawa, da kuma yin salo.
• Gashi mai siffar bututu: Tsarin da ke kama da bututu a cikin fata wanda ke riƙe da sandar gashi.
• Kwandon Gashi: Wannan ɓangaren, wanda yake ƙarƙashin fata, shine ke da alhakin girman gashi.

Shin kun san cewa wannan tsarin shingen fata yana haifar da kumburin azzakari ? Duk muna da tsokoki masu tayar da gashi da aka haɗa da gashin mu da fatar mu. Idan waɗannan tsokoki suka ƙaru, sai gashin ya tsaya. A lokacin ne muke ganin ƙananan kumburin da muke kira "ƙumburin azzakari."

Bari mu kuma koyi game da gland.

Akwai gland a ko'ina cikin fatarmu. Waɗannan suna da alhakin sakin abubuwa daga ƙarƙashin fata, kamar ruwa, gishiri, da mai, zuwa saman fata. Akwai manyan nau'ikan gland a cikin tsarin haɗin fatarmu:

• Glandan gumi: Waɗannan su ne glandan da ke fitar da gumi ta fata. Akwai nau'ikan glandan gumi guda biyu: glandan eccrine da glandan apocrine . Glandan eccrine suna samuwa a ko'ina cikin jiki kuma suna buɗewa cikin ramuka a cikin fata. Glandan apocrine suna buɗewa cikin gashin gashi.
• Gashin Sebaceous: Waɗannan gashin suna samar da mai da ake kira sebum . Waɗannan su ne dalilan da ya sa fuskarka ke da mai.
• Ƙwayoyin Ceruminous: Waɗannan suna cikin kunne. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna fitar da kakin kunne.
• Glandan mama: Waɗannan su ne gland a cikin ƙirji. A cikin mata, waɗannan glandan mama suna samar da madara bayan haihuwa.

To menene rawar da wannan tsarin rufe fata ke takawa?

Tsarin kariya na fatar jikinka yana kare jikinka daga kamuwa da cututtuka da raunuka daga duniyar waje. A wata ma'anar, kamar sulken jikinka ne. Shi ne layin farko na kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan yana kare ka daga hasken rana mai cutarwa kuma yana daidaita zafin jikinka. Yana adana kitse, ruwa, glucose, da bitamin D. Hakanan yana taimakawa garkuwar jikinka wajen yaƙi da cututtuka.

Kalli irin muhimmancin aikin da wannan tsarin yake yi:

• Yana ba da kariya ta jiki daga ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Yana taimakawa wajen warkar da raunuka, raunuka, da sauran raunuka.
• Yana kare jiki daga kamuwa da cututtuka kuma yana aiki kamar matashin kai.
• Yana kare ku daga haskoki masu cutarwa na rana (UV) da kuma ƙonewar rana.
• Ana fitar da man fetur (mai), gumi, da sauran sharar gida daga jiki.
• Yana daidaita zafin jikinka kuma yana sa ka ji sanyi.
• Yana taimakawa wajen jin kamar zafi da sanyi.
• Yana taimakawa wajen samar da bitamin D.

Ta yaya wannan tsarin shingen fata yake aiki tare da sauran tsarin?

Jikinmu kamar wata na'ura ce mai matuƙar rikitarwa. Kowace gabobi, kowace sashi, kowace tsarin suna aiki tare don sa komai ya yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Tsarin kariya na fatar jikinka kuma yana taimakawa sauran tsarin.

Ka yi tunani a kai, yana taimakawa garkuwar jiki , domin ita ce hanyar farko ta kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka. Haka kuma, idan aka samu rauni, yana aika ƙwayoyin jinin fararen zuwa wurin da aka yi wa tiyatar don fara warkarwa.

Bugu da ƙari, tsarin garkuwar jikin ku yana taimaka muku shan bitamin D. Wannan bitamin D yana aiki kamar hormone. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar ƙashi, domin yana shafar shan sinadarin calcium .

Kananan gashin da ke cikin hancinka suna taimakawa tsarin numfashinka . Ka san yadda ake yi? Suna tace ƙura da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kafin su shiga huhunka.

Waɗanne cututtuka ne ake dangantawa da wannan tsarin rufe fata?

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka bambanta game da tsarin haɗin gwiwa shine cewa muna iya ganin yawancin cututtukan da ke tattare da shi. Ba kamar gabobin ciki ba, cututtukan fata, gashi, da farce yawanci ana iya ganin su daga waje. Wannan yana nufin kai da likitanka za ku iya ganin su.

Matsalolin fata

Wasu daga cikin cututtukan fata da suka fi yawa sune:

• Cututtukan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki, kamar su dermatitis na lamba , da kuraje da tsire-tsire masu guba ke haifarwa a wasu mutane.
• Kurajen da suka faru sakamakon raunuka.
• Cizon kwari (cizon kwari) kamar cizon gizo-gizo, cizon ƙura, da cizon sauro.
• Ciwon daji na fata , misali melanoma .
• Cututtukan fata kamar cellulitis .
• Kurajen fata da bushewar fata.
• Cututtukan fata kamar kuraje , eczema , psoriasis, da vitiligo .
• Raunukan fata kamar su mole , freckles , da alamun fata .
• Raunuka, ƙonewa (gami da ƙonewar rana) da tabo.

Matsalolin Gashi

Mafi yawan matsalar da ke shafar gashi ita ce asarar gashi . Wasu asarar gashi na ɗan lokaci ne, yayin da wasu kuma na dindindin ne. Mafi yawan nau'ikan asarar gashi sune:

• Alopecia areata: Wannan cuta ce da ke haifar da asarar gashi mai yawa.
• Alopecia na Androgenic: Gadowar gashi.
• Anagen effluvium: Asarar gashi a lokacin girman gashi. Ana ganin wannan a lokacin jiyya kamar chemotherapy .
• Telogen effluvium: Asarar gashi a lokacin hutu. Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne bayan watanni kaɗan bayan wani lokaci na damuwa ko canjin hormonal.
• Ciwon kai mai tsanani: Rage gashi wanda ke faruwa sakamakon lalacewar fatar kai sakamakon gyaran gashi, ko kuma ci gaba da goge fatar kai, ko sanya hula, ko kuma yin wasa da gashi.

Sauran matsalolin da suka shafi gashi wadanda ba su da alaƙa da asarar gashi sun haɗa da:

• Dandruff: Wannan yana haifar da farin ko rawaya mai kama da launin rawaya a fatar kai da kuma gashin kai. Wannan kuma ana kiransa seborrheic dermatitis .
• Kwarkwatar kai: Ƙananan kwari masu rarrafe waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin gashin kai.
• Hirsutism: Yawan girman gashi a cikin mata.

Matsalolin Farce

Kamar sauran sassan shingen fata, farce na iya fuskantar rana a koda yaushe. Matsalolin farce na iya faruwa saboda takalma, rashin tsafta, ko rashin amfani da abin goge farce da abin yanke farce mara kyau. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan farce da suka fi yawa sune:

• Onychomycosis: Cutar fungal da ke shafar farce na hannu ko ƙafafu.
• Onycholysis: Raba farce daga gadon farce.
• Psoriasis na farce: Wannan cuta ce ta fata da ke haifar da alamu kamar su kumburi da canza launin farce.
• Lichen planus: Kuraje masu kama da layuka ko duwawu a kan ƙusa.
• Paronychia: Kumburi ko kamuwa da cuta a cikin kyallen da ke kewaye da ƙusa.

Matsalolin glandar ciki

Wasu daga cikin matsalolin da ke tattare da glandar gumi da kuma sebaceous gland sune:

• Hyperhidrosis: Gumi mai yawa.
• Ciwon fata na Seborrheic: Ja, faci mai kaifi a fuska, ƙirji, ko baya. Idan wannan ya faru a fatar kai, ana kiransa dandruff.
• Sebaceous hyperplasia: Ciwon fata ne da ya zama ruwan dare a wasu mutane yayin da suke tsufa. Yana haifar da ƙananan kumbura masu launin rawaya a fata.

To, menene mafi mahimmancin abin da ya kamata mu koya daga wannan? (Saƙon Gida)

A taƙaice dai, abin da ke hana fata kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta, rauni, da kuma abubuwan da ke waje kamar hasken rana da ruwan sama. Fata, da duk abin da ke da alaƙa da ita, kamar gashi, farce, da gland, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita sauran tsarin jikinka.

Kamar kowace gabobi, fatar jiki na iya fuskantar matsaloli kamar kuraje, asarar gashi, da kuma naman gwari. Abu mafi mahimmanci da za a tuna shi ne cewa likitanka zai iya taimaka maka ka kiyaye lafiyar fatar jikinka, gashinka, da farce. Idan ka lura da wani abu na daban, ba a makara ba wajen yin magana da likita game da shi. Bayan haka, wannan tsarin yana kare mu, kuma muna buƙatar kula da shi sosai, ko ba haka ba?

Tsarin Hanci , fata, farce, gashi, gland, cututtukan fata