Akwai matsala da jininka? Bari mu koyi game da gwajin Coombs!

Shin kun taɓa jin labarin Gwajin Coombs? Wataƙila likitanku ya gaya muku game da shi, ko kuma wataƙila an yi muku wannan gwajin a lokacin da kuke da juna biyu. Ko da yake yana iya kama da ɗan rikitarwa, a zahiri yana duba wani abu mai mahimmanci a cikin jininku. A yau, za mu yi magana game da menene Gwajin Coombs, abin da zai iya gaya muku, da kuma lokacin da aka yi.

Menene Gwajin Coombs?

A taƙaice dai, gwajin Coombs gwaji ne da ke duba ko akwai ƙwayoyin rigakafi a jikinka waɗanda za su iya kai hari ga ƙwayoyin jininka masu ja. Yanzu za ka iya mamakin menene waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi.

Ka yi tunanin jikinmu a matsayin sansanin soja. Muna da rundunar sojoji a cikin jikinmu don yaƙi da maƙiya (ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da sauransu, waɗanda muke kira antigens ) waɗanda ke fitowa daga waje. Waɗannan sojoji na musamman a cikin wannan rundunar ana kiransu antibodies. Suna gane kuma suna yaƙi da abubuwa masu cutarwa daga waje, suna kare mu daga cututtuka.

Amma wani lokacin, waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin rundunarmu suna yin kuskure kaɗan. Suna fara kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halittarmu masu kyau da lafiya, suna tunanin su mamaya ne daga ƙasashen waje. A lokacin ne matsaloli ke tasowa. Gwajin Coombs yana neman ƙwayoyin rigakafi daga ƙwayoyin jininmu masu ja.

Menene ake amfani da gwajin Coombs?

Domin fahimtar wannan, da farko kuna buƙatar sanin cewa akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen Coombs guda biyu.

1. Gwajin Coombs Kai Tsaye - Wani lokaci ana kiran wannan Gwajin Antiglobulin Kai Tsaye (DAT).

2. Gwajin Coombs na Kai Tsaye

Bari mu kalli waɗannan biyun daban-daban.

1. Gwajin Coombs Kai Tsaye

Wannan gwajin yana ɗaukar ƙwayoyin jinin ku masu ja kuma yana duba kai tsaye a saman su don ganin ko suna da ƙwayoyin rigakafi da aka haɗa musu. Ka yi tunanin ƙwayoyin jinin ja a matsayin ƙananan ƙwallo. Wannan gwajin yana neman ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke kai hari ga ƙwayoyin da ba daidai ba da ke kewaye da su.

Ana amfani da wannan sau da yawa don gano cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da jini kamar su anemia na hemolytic autoimmune . Mutanen da ke da wannan (anemia na hemolytic autoimmune) suna da nasu ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna lalata ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Wannan yana sa su rasa ƙwayoyin jinin ja da suke buƙata don su kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya.

2. Gwajin Coombs na Kai Tsaye

Wannan gwajin zai iya gaya wa likitanka idan akwai wasu ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ke yawo cikin jininka cikin sauƙi waɗanda za su iya haɗawa da ƙwayoyin jinin ja.Wannan yana nufin, waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba su haɗu da ƙwayoyin jinin ja ba tukuna, amma suna cikin jinin, a shirye suke su haɗu a kowane lokaci.

Ana amfani da wannan galibi a yanayi biyu:

• A matsayin gwaji kafin a yi maka ƙarin jini: Kafin a ba ka jini, ana yin hakan ne don ganin ko jinin da aka bayar ya dace da nau'in jininka, ko kuma ko ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ke jikinka za su kai hari ga sabon jinin.
• A matsayin wani ɓangare na gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a lokacin daukar ciki: Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Bari mu yi magana a kai dalla-dalla.

Gwajin Coombs a lokacin Ciki

Idan kina da juna biyu, likitanki zai iya ba da umarnin a yi miki gwajin Coombs a kaikaice domin a duba kwayoyin hana kamuwa da cutar Rh a cikin jininki.

Yanzu menene wannan Rh?

Akwai abubuwa da dama da ke tantance nau'in jininmu. Baya ga nau'ikan jini A, B, AB, da O, wani muhimmin abu kuma shine Rh factor. Wasu mutane suna da wannan alamar a saman ƙwayoyin jininsu. Muna kiransu Rh-positive. (Misali: O positive, A positive). Wasu mutane ba su da wannan alamar a kan ƙwayoyin jininsu. Muna kiransu Rh-negative. (Misali: O negative, A negative).

Misali, idan uwa tana da Rh-negative (wato, O negative), kuma jaririn da ke cikin mahaifa yana da Rh-positive, matsala na iya tasowa. Wannan ana kiransa Rh sensitization. Abin da ke faruwa a nan shi ne cewa tsarin garkuwar jikin uwa ya gane Rh factor akan jajayen ƙwayoyin jinin jariri a matsayin "maƙiyi" kuma ya fara yin ƙwayoyin rigakafi don lalata shi.

Yawanci, yana ɗaukar lokaci kafin jikin uwa ya samar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi kuma su yi ƙarfi sosai don su shafi jaririn. Saboda haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, jaririn ba ya yin tasiri sosai a lokacin ɗaukar ciki na farko. Duk da haka, idan uwa ta sake ɗaukar jariri mai Rh-positive, ƙwayoyin rigakafi da suka riga suka samo asali a cikin jinin uwa za su iya kai hari ga ƙwayoyin jinin jariri ja. Wannan na iya haifar da jaririn ya kamu da wata cuta da ake kira Rh disease . Wannan na iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya masu tsanani ga jaririn, kamar rashin jini da jaundice. Waɗannan matsalolin na iya ƙaruwa tare da kowace jariri mai Rh-positive da uwa ta haifa.

Amma kada ku damu! Idan kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar Rh, magani mai kyau zai iya hana wannan matsala. Idan kun riga kun ji rauni, akwai magunguna don kare jaririnku. Shi ya sa yake da mahimmanci a yi gwajin Coombs a lokacin watanni uku na farko na ciki.

Gwajin Coombs ga Jarirai

Idan jaririnka yana da jaundice a lokacin haihuwa, likitanka zai yi gwajin Coombs. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gano duk wani maganin rigakafi "baƙi" da ya makale a cikin jinin jariri jajayen ƙwayoyin jininsa. Wannan yana nufin abubuwa kamar maganin rigakafi waɗanda suka wuce daga uwa zuwa jariri.

Yaya ake yin gwajin Coombs?

Domin yin wannan gwajin, likita zai buƙaci ya ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin jini daga gare ku.

Kana buƙatar shiryawa don wannan?

A'a, babu wani abu da za ku yi don shiryawa musamman kafin gwajin Coombs.

Me ke faruwa a lokacin gwajin?

Likitan ko ma'aikacin jinya zai yi amfani da ƙaramin allura don ɗaukar ƙaramin jini daga jijiyar hannu ko hannunka. Idan aka saka allurar, za ku ji wani irin "ƙunci" ko "ciwo" a cikin fitsarinku . Wannan zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci. Bayan an ɗauki samfurin jinin, za a aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don yin bincike. Likitan zai sanya ƙaramin bandeji a wurin huda. Za ku iya cire shi cikin kimanin mintuna 10 zuwa 20.

Har yaushe ake ɗauka don sanin sakamakon?

A mafi yawan lokuta, za ku san sakamakon gwajin cikin awanni 24.

Me sakamakon gwajin Coombs ya gaya mana?

Menene gwajin Coombs mai kyau?

Idan gwajin Coombs ya nuna cewa akwai ƙwayoyin rigakafi a jikinka, ko kuma ba a saba da su ba, to yana nufin kana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi a jikinka waɗanda za su iya kai hari ga ƙwayoyin jininka na ja. Wannan na iya faruwa saboda dalilai da dama. Misali:

• Ciwon jini na jini na Autoimmune hemolytic : Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, yanayin da kwayoyin halittar jiki ke lalata jajayen ƙwayoyin jinin.
• Cutar mononucleosis mai yaduwa : Wannan cuta ce da ke shafar glandar da ke kumbura sakamakon kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Ciwon sankarar lymphocytic na dogon lokaci : Wannan nau'in ciwon daji ne na jini.
• Syphilis : Wannan cuta ce da ake kamuwa da ita ta hanyar jima'i.
• Cutar Mycoplasma : Wannan nau'in kamuwa da cuta ce da ke shafar tsarin numfashi.
• Lupus : Wannan kuma cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki, ma'ana tana kai hari ga tsarin jiki.
• Mummunan martani ga ƙarin jini.

Me zai faru idan gwajin ya nuna cewa an tabbatar da ingancinsa kafin a ba da jini (ƙara jini)?

Idan gwajin Coombs, wanda aka yi kafin a ba ku jini, ya nuna cewa likita yana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan lokacin zabar wanda zai ba da jini. Mutanen da suka karɓi jini sau da yawa na iya samun nau'ikan ƙwayoyin rigakafi daban-daban. Saboda haka, yana iya zama da ɗan wahala a sami wanda ya yi daidai da jini a gare su.

Me zai faru idan gwajin ya nuna cewa yana da kyau a lokacin daukar ciki?

Idan gwajin Coombs ya nuna cewa kina da cutar Rh a lokacin da kike da juna biyu, hakan yana nufin kina buƙatar ɗaukar matakan kariya na musamman don kare jaririnki daga kamuwa da cutar Rh. Likitan ki zai ba ki shawara kan wannan.

Menene ma'anar Coombs positive ga jariri?

Gabaɗaya, gwajin Coombs mai kyau a cikin jariri yana nuna ko dai rashin jini ko jaundice. Idan gwajin jaririn ya nuna cewa yana da cutar, likita zai ƙara duba jaririn kuma ya ba da shawarar maganin da ya dace.

Menene ma'anar sakamakon gwajin Coombs mara kyau?

Idan gwajin Coombs bai nuna wata alama ta rashin lafiya ba, ko kuma ta al'ada, to labari ne mai daɗi! Yana nufin cewa ba a sami wani maganin rigakafi da aka haɗa da ƙwayoyin jinin ja ba. Dangane da yanayinka, yana iya nufin abubuwa kamar:

• Ana iya samun jini lafiya ta hanyar yin ƙarin jini daga mai bayarwa.
• Idan kina da juna biyu, babu buƙatar damuwa game da tasirin Rh a kan jaririn.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Idan ka fuskanci alamun cutar rashin jini mai tsanani (hemolytic anemia), kamar jaundice, jin kasala, jiri, ko kuma matsalar mayar da hankali , ka ga likitanka nan da nan. Zai iya duba ka, ya yi maka gwaje-gwaje idan ya cancanta, sannan ya tantance maganin da ya dace.

Ka tuna, alamu da yawa na yau da kullun na iya kama da na sauran cututtuka. Idan kana jin wani abu na daban ko daban, ya fi kyau ka nemi shawara daga likita.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Gwajin Coombs muhimmin gwaji ne wanda ke neman ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda za su iya kai hari da lalata ƙwayoyin jininku masu ja. Don yin wannan, ana ɗaukar samfurin jini daga gare ku. Duk da cewa sakamakon Gwajin Coombs zai iya taimakawa wajen nuna wa ƙungiyar likitocin ku hanya madaidaiciya, wani lokacin ana iya buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don nemo ganewar asali da magani da ya dace. Don haka, bi umarnin likitan ku daidai. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa, kada ku ji tsoron yin magana da likitan ku.

Gwajin Coombs , ƙwayoyin jinin ja, ƙwayoyin rigakafi, Rh factor, ciki, anemia, jaundice