Menene Glycogen? Bari mu yi magana game da ajiyar makamashin jikinmu a cikin sauƙi!

Shin kun taɓa mamakin yadda jikinmu ke adana kuzarin da muke samu daga abincin da muke ci don amfani da shi daga baya? A nan ne wani abu na musamman da ake kira glycogen yake shigowa. Kamar bankin wutar lantarki ne wanda ke ci gaba da caji wayoyinmu.

Menene glycogen?

A taƙaice dai, glycogen wani nau'in sukari ne da ake kira glucose wanda ake adanawa a jikinmu. Ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin glucose da yawa da aka haɗa su wuri ɗaya.

Yanzu za ku iya tambayar menene glucose. Glucose shine babban mai da ke samar da makamashi ga jikinmu. Muna samun wannan glucose daga wasu abincin da muke ci, musamman waɗanda ke ɗauke da carbohydrates. Idan glucose daga abincin da muke ci ba a buƙatar shi nan take don makamashi ba, jikinmu yana adana shi azaman glycogen a cikin hanta da tsokoki , don amfani daga baya.

Tsarin da jikinmu ke amfani da shi wajen samar da glycogen daga glucose ana kiransa Glycogenesis . Haka kuma, tsarin da ake mayar da wannan glycogen zuwa glucose lokacin da ake buƙata kuma ake amfani da shi don makamashi ana kiransa Glycogenolysis . Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna taimakawa ta hanyar nau'ikan enzymes daban-daban. Enzymes nau'ikan sunadarai ne na musamman da ake samu a cikin ƙwayoyin halittarmu. Suna aiki a matsayin abubuwan kara kuzari kuma suna taimakawa ayyuka daban-daban a cikin jiki su gudana cikin sauƙi. Akwai dubban irin waɗannan enzymes a cikin jikinmu, kuma kowannensu yana yin aiki mai mahimmanci.

Menene bambanci tsakanin Glucose, Glucose da Glucagon?

Yanzu bari mu ga bambanci tsakanin waɗannan kalmomi uku: Glycogen, Glucose, da Glucagon. Duk ukun suna da alaƙa da yadda jikinmu ke amfani da carbohydrates don samar da makamashi, amma kowannensu yana da aiki daban.

GlucoseIta ce nau'in sukari da muke samu daga abincin da muke ci, musamman carbohydrates. Babban nau'in sukari a cikin jininmu shine glucose na jini, ko kuma abin da muke kira ' sukarin jini'. Wannan sukari yana ba jikinmu kuzari, kuma yana ciyar da gabobinmu, tsokoki, da tsarin jijiyoyi. Glucose yana da matukar muhimmanci domin shine babban tushen kuzari ga kwakwalwarmu. A gaskiya ma, kwakwalwarmu tana buƙatar glucose akai-akai, shi ya sa ake ba da shawarar babba ya ci akalla gram 130 na carbohydrates a kowace rana.

Yanzu mun san cewa lokacin da jikinmu ba zai sake buƙatar glucose ba, yana adanawa a cikin hanta da tsokoki a matsayin glycogen .

Glucagon wani sinadari ne da pancreas dinmu ke samarwa. Yana taimakawa wajen mayar da glycogen da aka adana zuwa glucose sannan ya sake shi cikin jini. Sannan jiki zai iya amfani da wannan sinadari don samar da makamashi. Glucagon da insulin sune hormones guda biyu da ke sarrafa matakan glucose a cikin jini a jikinmu.

Shin glycogen shine carbohydrate?

To, shin glycogen carbohydrate ne? To, glycogen ana yin sa ne daga carbohydrates, wato, daga abincin da ke ɗauke da sitaci da muke ci. Duk da haka, glycogen ba carbohydrate ba ne a kowane lokaci. Idan muka ci abinci mai ɗauke da carbohydrates, jikinmu yana wargaza su ya mayar da su glucose don amfani da su don makamashi. Glycogen ita ce hanyar da ake adana glucose. Ya ƙunshi tarin ƙwayoyin glucose da aka haɗa tare.

A ina ake adana glycogen?

To, ina aka adana wannan glycogen a jikinmu? Glycogen galibi ana adana shi a cikin jikinmu.Ana samunsa a cikin hanta da tsokoki na ƙashi . Tsokoki sune tsokoki da ke haɗe da ƙasusuwanmu da jijiyoyinmu. Bugu da ƙari, ƙaramin adadin kuma yana cikin kwakwalwarmu.

Duk da cewa hantarmu tana adana kaso mafi girma na glycogen fiye da tsokoki, jimlar nauyin tsokarmu ya fi hantarmu girma, don haka kashi uku cikin huɗu na jimlar glycogen da ke cikin jiki ne kawai ke cikin tsokokinmu.

Idan muka yi motsa jiki sosai, musamman na dogon lokaci, adadin glycogen a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka masu aiki na iya raguwa sosai. Adadin glycogen a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta yana canzawa a duk tsawon yini. Wannan ya faru ne saboda dalilai da yawa:

• Adadin carbohydrates da muke ci.
• Tazarar lokaci da muke ajiyewa tsakanin abinci.
• Ƙarfin da tsawon lokacin aikin motsa jiki da muka yi kwanan nan.

Ka yi tunanin, idan ba ka ci abinci ba na tsawon awanni 12 zuwa 24 (a lokacin azumi), kusan dukkan glycogen da ke cikin hanta za su ƙare.

Wane irin aiki glycogen ke yi wa jikinmu?

Yanzu bari mu ga irin hidimar da wannan glycogen ke bayarwa ga jikinmu. Dangane da inda aka adana shi - ko a cikin hanta ko a cikin tsokoki - aikinsa ma ya ɗan bambanta.

Aikin Shagunan Glycogen na Hanta

Jikinmu yana amfani da glycogen, galibi a cikin hanta , don taimakawa wajen sarrafa matakan glucose na jini.

A al'ada, jikinmu yana sarrafa matakan sukari a cikin jininmu da kyau ta hanyar amfani da hormones da ake kira glucagon da insulin. Idan matakan sukari a cikin jininmu suka yi ƙasa sosai, wanda ake kira hypoglycemia , pancreas ɗinmu yana fitar da ƙarin glucagon. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da glucagon ke yi shine mayar da glycogen a cikin hanta zuwa glucose sannan ya sake shi cikin jini. Kuna iya tuna cewa mun kira wannan tsari glycogenolysis. Lokacin da aka saki glucose cikin jini, ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin jiki za su iya amfani da shi don makamashi.

Tarin glycogen a cikin hanta kuma yana taimakawa wajen aikin tsoka da motsa jiki zuwa wani mataki. Da zarar ka fara motsa jiki, tsokoki masu aiki suna amfani da glucose don samar da makamashi, don haka hanta tana fara rushe glycogen don kiyaye matakan sukari a cikin jini. Duk da haka, tsokoki suna amfani da nasu glycogen a cikin ajiyar glycogen.

Aikin Shagunan Glycogen na Muscle

Glycogen da ke cikin tsokoki galibi yana aiki azaman tushen makamashin metabolism ga tsokoki.

Domin mu motsa jiki, tsokoki suna buƙatar kuzari mai yawa. Ka yi tunanin, idan tsokokinmu za su ɗauki glucose daga jini don samun wannan kuzarin, glucose ɗin da ke cikin jiki zai ƙare da sauri.

Shi ya sa jikinmu ke adana kashi uku cikin huɗu na dukkan glycogen a cikin kowace tsokar ƙashi. Wannan yana ba tsokoki damar ci gaba da samun kuzari ba tare da yin tasiri sosai ga matakan sukari a cikin jini ba, musamman a lokacin motsa jiki.

Yawan yadda glycogen ke raguwa a cikin tsokokinmu yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin motsa jiki. Yayin da ƙarfin motsa jiki ke ƙaruwa, saurin da glycogen ke raguwa a cikin tsokoki shi ma yana ƙaruwa. Saboda haka, a lokacin ayyukan da ke da ƙarfi sosai, kamar gudu , glycogen yana adanawa a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka masu aiki da sauri, koda kuwa jimlar tsawon lokacin aikin ya yi gajere.

Idan muka ci isasshen carbohydrates, tsokokinmu za su sake cika da glycogen.

Menene Cutar Ajiye Glycogen (GSD)?

Wani lokaci, matsaloli na iya tasowa tare da wannan glycogen. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan yanayin shine cutar ajiyar glycogen, ko GSD a takaice.

GSD yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, wanda aka gada.Wannan shine lokacin da aka haifi mutum ba tare da wasu enzymes da ake buƙata don yin da/ko rushe glycogen ba. Saboda jikinmu yana amfani da enzymes daban-daban don sarrafa glycogen, akwai nau'ikan GSD daban-daban. GSD sau da yawa yana iya haifar da lalacewar hanta da raunin tsoka . A cikin nau'ikan GSD da yawa, alamun suna fara bayyana ne tun suna jarirai ko kuma tun suna ƙanana.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ne ake da su don tantance matakin glycogen?

To, akwai wasu gwaje-gwaje na musamman don duba matakan glycogen a jikinmu? A zahiri, babu wani gwaji na musamman da ke auna matakan glycogen kawai. Bugu da ƙari, matakan glycogen ɗinmu koyaushe suna canzawa dangane da adadin aikin da muke yi da adadin carbohydrates da muke ci kowace rana.

Madadin haka, idan kana da alamun cutar, likitoci suna amfani da wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin ko kana da matsala da yadda jikinka ke samar da kuma rarraba glycogen, wanda ake kira cutar ajiyar glycogen (GSD). Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sune:

• Gwajin jini: Abubuwa kamar allon aikin hanta da allon aikin koda na iya taimaka maka ganin yadda waɗannan gabobin ke aiki yadda ya kamata. Gwajin matakin glucose na jini zai iya taimaka maka ganin yadda jikinka yake amfani da glycogen. Mutanen da ke da GSD galibi suna da ƙarancin sukari a jini.
• Duban dan tayi na ciki: Wannan gwajin hoton zai iya taimaka wa likitanka ya gani ko hantarka ta girma.
• Binciken ƙwayoyin cuta: Likitanka zai iya ɗaukar ƙaramin samfurin nama daga tsoka ko hanta ya auna matakan glycogen ko enzymes a ciki.
• Gwajin Halittar Halitta: Likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar gwajin kwayoyin halitta don ganin ko kana da kwayar halittar Glycogen Storage Disease.

Menene mafi muhimmanci da ya kamata mu tuna daga wannan labarin?

To, yanzu wataƙila kun fahimci cewa glycogen yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa matakan sukari na jini da kuma samar da kuzari don motsa jiki. Abin farin ciki, matsaloli tare da samarwa da amfani da glycogen a jikinmu ba kasafai suke faruwa ba.

Mafi kyawun abin da za ku iya yi don daidaita glycogen ɗinku, musamman idan kai ɗan wasa ne, shine ku ci isasshen carbohydrates kowace rana. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da abincinku da burin motsa jiki, ku tabbata kun yi magana da likitanku ko ƙwararren masanin abinci mai rijista. Za su iya ba ku shawara da ta dace da ku.