Kana da matsala da ciki ko hanjinka? Bari mu yi magana game da likitan ciki!

Wani lokaci muna samun nau'ikan matsalolin ciki iri-iri. Ciwon ciki, muna jin kumburi, muna jin kamar ba za mu iya narke abinci ba... Yana da ban haushi idan abubuwa irin wannan suka ci gaba da faruwa, ko ba haka ba? Shin kun san cewa akwai likita wanda ya ƙware a cututtukan da suka shafi tsarin narkewar abinci? Wannan likitan ana kiransa likitan gastroenterologist . Bari mu yi magana dalla-dalla a yau.

Wanene likitan gastroenterologist?

A taƙaice dai, likitan ciki likita ne wanda ya ƙware a cututtukan tsarin narkewar abinci - wato, dukkan gabobin da ke cikin narkewar abinci. Da farko suna horarwa a matsayin likitoci na gabaɗaya. Bayan kimanin shekaru uku na makarantar likitanci, suna samun gogewa wajen magance kowace irin cuta. Sannan, don zama likitan ciki, dole ne su yi karatu na musamman na tsawon shekaru uku. A ƙarshe, suna samun takardar shaida ta musamman. Wannan shine abin da ke nuna cewa ƙwararru ne a cututtukan tsarin narkewar abinci. Haka kuma, suna da ƙwarewa ta musamman don yin wasu gwaje-gwaje da jiyya waɗanda likitoci na gaba ɗaya ba sa yi, da kuma fahimtar sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwaje da jiyya.

Akwai ƙwararre a tsarin narkewar abinci na yara ƙanana? (Likitan Gastroenterologist)

Eh, akwai da gaske. Muna kiransu da `(Likitan Gastroenterologist na yara)`. Waɗannan likitocin an fara horar da su a matsayin `(Likitan yara)`. Sannan suna samun horo na musamman na tsawon shekaru uku a tsarin narkewar abinci. Sun fi mai da hankali kan cututtukan tsarin narkewar abinci da hanta na jarirai, yara ƙanana, da ƙananan yara . Suna da matuƙar damuwa da abinci mai gina jiki na yara. Waɗannan mutanen an horar da su musamman don gane alamun yara da kuma bincika cikin ƙananan jikinsu.

Waɗanne sassa na jiki ne likitan gastroenterologist ke mayar da hankali a kai?

Idan ka ji wannan suna – (Likitan Gastroenterologist) – 'Gastro' na nufin ciki , 'entero' na nufin hanji . 'Likitan' na nufin ƙwararre. Don haka, galibi ciki da hanji. Amma, tsarin narkewar abinci namu ya fi haka girma.

Ka yi tunani a kai, wannan tsarin yana farawa ne tun daga baki lokacin da muke cin abinci.

Na gaba , makogwaro, esophagus, ciki , ƙaramin hanji, da babban hanji suna cikinsa.

Ba wai kawai haka ba, har ma da gabobin da ke samar da enzymes na narkewar abinci da ke taimakawa wajen narkar da abinci suma suna da hannu. Su ne:

• Hanta
• Mafitsara (wurin da ake tattara bile daga hanta da kuma adana shi)
• Pancreas
• Bututun bile (bututun da ke ɗauke da bile)

Don haka likitan ciki yana neman cututtukan da ke faruwa a cikin duk waɗannan gabobin .

Me yasa muke buƙatar ganin likitan gastroenterologist?

Tambaya mai kyau. Wataƙila kana da alamun narkewar abinci (misali, ciwon ciki, gudawa, maƙarƙashiya), amma likitan iyali na yau da kullun ba zai iya gano shi ba, ko kuma magungunan da suka rubuta ba za su yi tasiri ba. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau ka ga likita.

Ko kuma, idan ka riga ka san kana da wata matsala ta narkewar abinci (kamar IBD), ya fi kyau ka ga likita domin ya sami mafi kyawun magani.

Saboda waɗannan ƙwararrun likitoci suna ci gaba da bincike, bincike, da kuma gwada irin waɗannan nau'ikan cututtuka, sun fi iya gano cutar daidai da sauri, kuma suna magance ta da ƙarancin matsaloli .

Waɗanne manyan cututtuka ne likitan ciki ke magancewa?

Akwai cututtuka da yawa. Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin manyan.

Cututtukan ciki:

• Ciwon hanji mai ban haushi (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) (IBS), wata cuta ce da ke haifar da gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya akai-akai
• Ciwon hanji mai kumburi (IBD) (wannan ya haɗa da cutar Crohn da Ulcerative Colitis)
• Cutar Celiac , rashin lafiyar furotin gluten da ake samu a cikin garin alkama
• Ƙaramin Girman Kwayoyin cuta na Cikin Hanci (SIBO)
• Rashin lafiyar abinci da kuma rashin haƙuri ga abinci daban-daban
• Ciwon ciki
• Diverticulitis ( ƙananan jakunkuna da ke fitowa a cikin babban hanji kuma suna kamuwa da cuta )
• Ciwon appendicitis (wannan yakan buƙaci tiyata)
• Ƙananan girma a cikin hanji da ake kira "Colorectal polyps" (yana da mahimmanci a cire su domin suna iya zama ciwon daji)
• Ciwon basir

Matsalolin esophagus:

• Wahalolin haɗiyewa
• Cutar Ciwo ta Gastroesophageal (GERD) cuta ce da acid na ciki ke haifarwa ta hanyar shiga cikin esophagus (muna kuma kiran wannan acid reflux).
• Ciwon esophagus
• Ciwon hernia na hiatal ( wani ɓangare na ciki da ke fitowa zuwa ƙirji )

Cututtukan hanta:

• Ciwon hanta mai saurin yaɗuwa (misali hepatitis B, C)
• Lalacewar hanta sakamakon guba (Ciwon hanta mai guba)
• Ciwon hanta mai kitse
• Ciwon hanta (cirrhosis)

Cututtukan pancreas, biliary da gallbladder:

• Duwatsun ƙashi
• Ciwon cholecystitis
• Ciwon pancreas

Waɗanne alamomi ne ya kamata ka gaya wa likitan gastroenterologist?

Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka gaya wa ƙwararre:

• Ciwon ciki
• Ciki mai kumburi
• Matsalolin narkewar abinci, rashin narkewar abinci
• Ciwon iskar gas da iskar gas
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Zubar jini ta dubura (wannan na iya zama ja ko baƙi)
• Gudawa (yawancin hanjin da ke shiga)
• Maƙarƙashiya ko wahalar yin bayan gida
• Rage nauyi ko ƙara nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba
• Ƙwannafi (kamar yadda yake a cikin GERD)
• Rawaya a fata da idanu (Jaundice)

Me likitan Gastroenterologist ke yi?

Da farko, likita zai duba ka da ido . Za su yi tausa cikinka, su ji da bututu, har ma za su iya saka yatsa a cikin duburarka (gwajin dubura na dijital).

Sannan, suna iya yin odar gwaje-gwajen jini , gwaje-gwajen bayan gida, ko gwaje-gwajen hoto na waje kamar X-ray don samun ƙarin bayani.

Duk da haka, idan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen kaɗai ba za su iya gano cutar daidai ba, an horar da likitocin ciki musamman don yin hanyoyin endoscopic .

Menene endoscope?

A taƙaice dai, wannan ya ƙunshi saka dogon bututu mai siriri, mai sassauƙa (wanda ake kira endoscope) tare da kyamara a cikin jiki da kuma duba gabobin ciki kai tsaye. Wannan zai iya samar da bayanai masu yawa.

Akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen endoscopy guda uku:

• Binciken Endoscopy na sama (EGD): Wannan ya ƙunshi duba esophagus, ciki, da kuma ɓangaren farko na ƙaramin hanji (duodenum) ta hanyar amfani da bututu da aka saka ta baki.
• endoscopy na ƙaramin hanji (`Enteroscopy`): Ana amfani da wannan don duba dukkan ƙaramin hanji.
• Kolonofi: Mutane da yawa sun ji labarin haka. Ana saka bututu ta dubura sannan a duba dukkan babban hanji (colon).
• Duban dan tayi na endoscopic: An haɗa ƙaramin ɓangare na na'urar duban dan tayi a ƙarshen endoscope ɗin kuma ana duba zurfin kyallen gabobin ciki (musamman gallbladder da pancreas).
• ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Wannan gwaji ne mai ɗan rikitarwa. Ana yin sa kamar na'urar duban dan tayi ta sama, sannan a saka wani abu na musamman a cikin bututun bile da bututun pancreas sannan a ɗauki hoton X-ray.
• Yin tiyatar cire ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (polyps) a cikin ciki ko hanji yayin aikin tiyatar endoscopy.

Gwaje-gwajen Endoscopy ba wai kawai suna taimakawa wajen ganin ainihin menene cutar ba, har ma suna da wasu fa'idodi. Likitan zai iya yin ƙananan kayan aiki ta hanyar endoscope sannan ya ɗauki samfuran nama (biopsies) ya aika su zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje. Hakanan zasu iya yin ƙananan jiyya . Misali, suna iya faɗaɗa wurin da aka toshe, dakatar da zubar jini, ko cire ƙananan ƙari kafin a yi tiyata. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya yin su nan take.

Shin likitocin ciki suma suna maganin ciwon daji?

Haka ne, a mafi yawan lokuta, likitan ciki shine na farko da ke gano cutar kansa a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci (kamar ciki, hanji, esophagus, hanta, pancreas, gallbladder). Suna iya amfani da endoscopy da biopsy don gano ci gaban ciwon daji da kuma ɗaukar samfura don tabbatar da ganewar cutar.

Idan an tabbatar da cutar kansa, za a iya yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen endoscopic don ganin yadda ta yaɗu (wanda ake kira 'staging').

A wasu lokuta, likitocin ciki na iya cire wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji ta hanyar amfani da na'urar endoscope (dissecting) ko kuma su lalata su da laser.

Nau'ikan ciwon daji da ake dangantawa da su sune:

• Ciwon daji na ciki
• Ciwon daji na hanji
• Ciwon daji na makogwaro
• Ciwon daji na hanta
• Ciwon daji na pancreas
• Ciwon daji na mafitsara
• Ciwon daji na bututun bile

Ba wai kawai ba, har ma wanda ke da wani nau'in ciwon daji na iya buƙatar taimakon likitan ciki don ganin ko ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa tsarin narkewar abinci, ko kuma don magance illolin magungunan ciwon daji (misali, `(Chemotherapy)`, `(Radiation therapy)`) waɗanda ke shafar tsarin narkewar abinci (misali, gyambon baki/na hanji `(Mucositis)`, `(Radiation enteritis)`, tashin zuciya, amai, gudawa, maƙarƙashiya, ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki).

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin likitan Gastroenterologist da likitan Proctologist?

Tambaya mai kyau. Ba a cika amfani da kalmar "proctologist" a waɗannan lokutan ba. Madadin haka, kalmar " likitan tiyatar hanji" ta fi yawa.

A taƙaice dai, "Likitan Gyaran Jiki" ko "Likitan Gyaran Jiki" likitoci ne. An horar da su musamman don yin tiyata a kan cututtukan hanji, dubura, da dubura. Suna yin kimanin shekaru biyar a tiyatar gabaɗaya bayan sun kammala karatun likitanci, sannan su sami horo na musamman a fannin hanji.

Duk da haka, likitan ciki ƙwararre ne a fannin likitanci, ba likitan tiyata ba . Babban aikinsa shine gano cututtuka, magance su da magani, da kuma yin gwaje-gwaje kamar endoscopy.

Likitan ciki zai iya gaya maka ko kana buƙatar tiyata ko a'a. Amma ba ya yin tiyatar. Yana tura ka zuwa wurin likitan fitsari na hanji. Wannan shine babban bambanci.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Tsarin narkewar abinci namu tsari ne mai sarkakiya, mai haɗin gwiwa na gabobi. Tsarin ne da ake ci gaba da yi na wargaza abincin da muke ci, shan abubuwan gina jiki da muke buƙata, da kuma fitar da sharar gida. Don haka, idan wani abu ya faru da wannan tsarin, jikinmu zai ji shi.

Ciwon ciki da matsalolin narkewar abinci abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare. Amma ba abu ne mai sauƙi a gano ainihin abin da ke haifar da su ba. A lokacin ne ake buƙatar taimakon ƙwararre. Likitan gastroenterologist zai iya fahimtar yadda duk waɗannan gabobin ke aiki tare, ya gano ainihin abin da ke damun tsarin narkewar abinci, sannan ya ba ku maganin da kuke buƙata.

Saboda haka, idan kana fama da ciwon ciki mai ɗorewa ko matsalar narkewar abinci, kada ka ji tsoron ganin likitan gastroenterologist. Zai iya ba ka sauƙi sosai.

` Tsarin narkewar abinci, likitan gastroenterologist, cututtukan ciki, endoscopy, colonoscopy, hanta, ciki