Bari mu koyi komai game da Glycogen - 'bankin wutar lantarki' a jikinmu!

Shin kun taɓa yin mamakin inda kuzarin yake fitowa idan muka ci wani abu kamar shinkafa ko burodi? Haka kuma, kun taɓa yin mamakin yadda muke samun kuzarin da muke buƙata don motsa jiki, gudu, ko tsalle? Ƙarfin da muke samu daga abincin da muke ci yana adanawa a wani wuri a cikin jikinmu don amfani daga baya. Kamar riƙe batirin wayarmu yana caji ko kuma samun ƙarin tankin mai a cikin motarmu. Babban hanyar da jikinmu ke adana makamashi ana kiranta glycogen, wanda muke magana a kai a yau.

Menene glycogen, a takaice?

A taƙaice dai, glycogen wani nau'in glucose ne da ke cikin jikinmu. Ka yi tunanin haka. Carbohydrates ɗin da muke ci, kamar shinkafa, burodi, dankali, dankali mai daɗi, da 'ya'yan itatuwa, ana narkewa su kuma a mayar da su cikin sukari mai sauƙi da ake kira glucose a cikin jikinmu. Wannan glucose shine babban tushen kuzari ga ƙwayoyin jikinmu, musamman kwakwalwa. Kamar yadda mota ke buƙatar man fetur don aiki, jikinmu yana buƙatar glucose don yin aiki.

Yanzu, bayan mun ci abinci, ana ƙara yawan sukari fiye da yadda jikinmu yake buƙata don makamashi nan take a cikin jini. Don haka maimakon kawai jefar da wannan ƙarin glucose ɗin, jikinmu yana tattara shi da wayo, kuma yana haɗa dubban ƙananan ƙwayoyin glucose tare don samar da babban ƙwayar. Wannan shine abin da muke kira glycogen.

Wannan tsari yana faruwa ne ta hanyar amfani da wasu sunadaran musamman da ake kira enzymes.

• Tsarin samar da glycogen daga glucose ana kiransa Glycogenesis .
• Tsarin rushe glycogen da aka adana don ƙirƙirar glucose lokacin da ake buƙata ana kiransa glycogenolysis .

Ko da yake waɗannan sunaye biyu na iya zama kamar sun yi kama da na kimiyya, kawai ku tuna, ɗaya don adanawa ne, ɗayan kuma don ɗaukowa daga ajiya ne.

Glucose, glycogen, da glucagon: Menene bambanci tsakanin waɗannan ukun?

Mutane da yawa suna rikicewa saboda waɗannan sunaye uku suna kama da juna. Duk da haka, waɗannan ukun suna yin ayyuka uku daban-daban. Bari mu duba teburin da ke ƙasa don fahimtar wannan a sarari.

Shin ka fahimci bambancin? Glucose makamashi ne. Glycogen makamashi ne da aka adana. Glucagon shine hormone wanda ke gaya wa jiki ya saki makamashi daga ajiya. Hormone ɗin da ke aiki akan wannan, wato, lokacin da sukarin jini ya ƙaru, yana taimakawa wajen adana shi azaman glycogen, shine insulin .

Ina ake adana glycogen a cikin jiki?

Jikinmu yana adana wannan ma'ajiyar makamashi mai mahimmanci a wurare biyu.

1. Hanta: Hanta babbar cibiyar ajiya ce. Wani muhimmin ɓangare na nauyin hanta zai iya kasancewa daga glycogen.

2. Tsokokin Ƙashi: Tsokokin da ke jikinmu suna adana mafi yawan glycogen. Saboda yawan tsoka ya fi hanta girma, kusan kashi uku cikin huɗu na jimlar glycogen na jiki ne kawai ake adanawa a cikin tsokoki.

Baya ga waɗannan manyan wurare guda biyu, ƙaramin adadin glycogen yana kuma adanawa a cikin gabobin jiki kamar kwakwalwa.

Adadin glycogen da ke jikinmu ba ya zama iri ɗaya a tsawon yini. Yana canzawa. Akwai abubuwa da dama da ke shafar sa:

• Adadin carbohydrates da kuke ci:Idan ka ci abinci mai wadataccen carbohydrates, glycogen ɗinka yana cika.
• Gibin Lokacin Cin Abinci: Idan ka yi awanni ba tare da cin abinci ba, jikinka zai yi amfani da waɗannan wuraren adana makamashi, wanda hakan zai sa matakan glycogen su ragu. Yawanci, azumi na tsawon awanni 12-24 zai lalata hanta da ke adana glycogen.
• Yawan motsa jiki da ƙarfi: Idan ka yi motsa jiki mai ƙarfi, musamman motsa jiki mai ƙarfi, glycogen da ke cikin tsokokinka yana raguwa da sauri.

Me ke faruwa da glycogen a cikin jiki?

Glycogen da ke cikin hanta da tsokoki yana aiki da ayyuka daban-daban guda biyu. Dukansu suna aiki ta hanyar son kai.

Aikin ajiyar glycogen a cikin hanta

Babban aikin glycogen na hanta shine kiyaye matakan glucose na jini daidai gwargwado.

Kwakwalwarmu tana buƙatar samun isasshen glucose akai-akai. Idan ya yi ƙasa kaɗan, sai mu fara jin jiri da kuma rashin jin daɗi. Don haka, idan muna tsakanin abinci ko barci da daddare, idan babu sabon sukari a cikin jini, matakan sukari a cikin jininmu suna raguwa.

A wannan lokacin, pancreas ɗinmu yana samar da hormone glucagon . Wannan hormone yana zuwa hanta yana aika sigina, "To, yanzu, a wargaza glycogen da aka adana a yi glucose a sake shi cikin jini." Daga nan hanta tana yin glucose ta sake shi cikin jini. Wannan glucose yana tafiya ta cikin jini zuwa ga dukkan jiki, musamman kwakwalwa, yana samar da makamashin da ake buƙata. Shi ya sa za mu iya zama a faɗake na tsawon sa'o'i ba tare da cin abinci ba.

Aikin glycogen yana adanawa a cikin tsokoki

Tarin glycogen da ke cikin tsokoki yana da son kai sosai. Suna amfani da wannan glycogen ne kawai don samar da makamashi ga wannan tsoka. Ba sa karya shi don samar da glucose su saka shi cikin jini.

Idan muka yi tafiya, muka gudu, ko muka ɗaga nauyi, tsokokinmu suna buƙatar kuzari mai yawa don yin kowace motsi. Idan muka yi ƙoƙarin samun wannan kuzarin daga glucose a cikin jini, glucose ɗin da ke cikin jini zai ƙare da sauri.

Saboda haka, yanayi ya ƙirƙiri tarin kuzari a cikin tsokoki da za su iya amfani da su da kansu, wato glycogen stores. Da zarar mun fara motsa jiki, tsokoki suna karya wannan glycogen don samar da kuzarin da suke buƙata.

Ka yi tunanin ɗan wasan kurket yana gudu tsakanin gudu. Ko kuma ɗan wasa yana gudu mita 100. A lokacin irin waɗannan ayyukan masu ƙarfi, tsokoki suna buƙatar kuzari mai yawa nan take. A lokacin ne waɗannan shagunan glycogen suka zo don ceto. Shi ya sa ake gaya wa 'yan wasa su ci abinci mai wadataccen carbohydrate (loda carbohydrates) kafin gasa, don cike waɗannan shagunan glycogen har zuwa ƙarshe.

Menene Cutar Ajiye Glycogen (GSD)?

Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, wanda aka gada. Mun yi magana game da yadda jikinmu ke buƙatar nau'ikan enzymes daban-daban don yin glycogen da kuma wargaza shi don yin glucose. A cikin mutumin da ke da GSD, ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan enzymes ko dai sun ɓace ko ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata.

Sakamakon haka, jikin mutum ba zai iya samar da glycogen yadda ya kamata ba, adanawa, ko kuma ya lalata shi idan ana buƙata. Wannan na iya haifar da lalacewar hanta, raunin tsoka, da kuma ƙarancin sukari a jini (hypoglycemia). Akwai nau'ikan GSD da yawa, ya danganta da ƙarancin enzymes. Sau da yawa, waɗannan alamun suna fara bayyana tun suna ƙanana.

Akwai gwaje-gwaje na musamman don duba matakan glycogen?

Babu wani gwaji guda ɗaya da zai iya auna kai tsaye, "Nawa ne glycogen da nake da shi a jikina?" Domin, kamar yadda muka yi magana a baya, wannan matakin yana canzawa koyaushe a cikin yini, ya danganta da abin da muke ci da abin da muke yi.

Duk da haka, idan alamunku sun nuna matsala tare da metabolism na glycogen na jikinku, likitanku zai iya ba da shawarar wasu gwaje-gwaje don duba yanayin kamar GSD.

Idan kana da wata shakka game da waɗannan alamomin, abin da ya fi kyau ka yi shi ne ka ga likitan iyali ka yi magana a kai.

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