Shin jininki Rh negative ne? Ki sani cewa a lokacin daukar ciki (Rh Factor)

Idan ke uwa ce mai juna biyu, ko kuma wacce ke da juna biyu nan ba da jimawa ba, ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen farko da likitanki zai yi shine gwajin jini. Wannan zai duba nau'in jininki da wani abu mai mahimmanci. Wannan shine Rh factor ɗinki. Wataƙila kun taɓa jin wannan kalmar a baya. Amma mutane da yawa ba su da cikakken fahimtar ma'anarta. Menene ainihin Rh factor? Me yasa yake da mahimmanci a lokacin daukar ciki? Kada ku damu, za mu yi magana a kai a hankali kuma a bayyane.

A taƙaice dai, menene ma'aunin Rh factor?

To, bari mu faɗi haka. Ka yi la'akari da ƙwayoyin jinin ja a jikinka a matsayin ƙananan ƙwallo masu zagaye. Wasu mutane suna da wani nau'in furotin na musamman da aka haɗe a saman, ko a waje, na waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Wannan furotin shine abin da muke kira Rh factor , ko Rhesus factor, a magani.

Wannan wani abu ne da za ka gada. Wannan yana nufin za ka same shi daga mahaifiyarka da mahaifinka.

• Rh-positive: Idan kana da furotin a saman ƙwayoyin jininka na ja, kana da Rh-positive. A Sinhala, yana nufin Rh-positive. A Sri Lanka da sauran duniya, yawancin mutane, wato, kusan 85 cikin 100, suna da Rh-positive.
• Rh-negative: Idan ba ka da wannan furotin a saman ƙwayoyin jininka, to Rh-negative ne. Wannan yana nufin kana da Rh-negative.

Nau'in jininka zai iya zama A, B, AB, ko O. Wannan Rh factor yana da alaƙa da wannan nau'in jinin. Misali, idan nau'in jininka A ne kuma kana da Rh-positive, jimlar nau'in jininka shine "A positive." Idan kana da Rh-negative, to "A negative" ne.

Me yasa Rh factor yake da mahimmanci a lokacin daukar ciki? (Rashin jituwa da Rh)

Ga abin da ke faruwa. Muna kiran wannan yanayi na musamman rashin jituwa da Rh , wanda ke faruwa ne kawai lokacin da uwa take da Rh-negative kuma jaririn da ke cikin mahaifa yana da Rh-positive .

Bari mu ƙara sauƙaƙa wannan. Ka yi tunanin jikinka a matsayin ƙasa mai ƙarfin tsaro. Tunda kana da Rh-negative, ƙasarka (jikinka) ba ta da wannan furotin na Rh. Yanzu, idan jinin jariri a cikin mahaifarka ya zama Rh-positive, hakan yana nufin jaririn yana da wannan furotin a cikin ƙwayoyin jininsa ja.

A lokacin daukar ciki, jinin uwa da jariri yawanci ba ya haɗuwa kai tsaye. Amma wani lokacin, musamman a lokacin haihuwa, ƙaramin adadin jinin jariri zai iya shiga jinin uwa.

Idan haka ta faru, kariyar uwa (tsarin garkuwar jiki) tana ganin furotin Rh da ke cikin jinin jariri a matsayin maƙiyi na waje, mai mamayewa. Suna tunanin, "Menene wannan sabon abu da ya shigo jikinmu? Wannan ba ya cikin jikinmu," kuma suna fara yin makamai na musamman don yaƙi da shi. Muna kiran waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi na makamai. Wannan tsari ana kiransa Rh sensitization .

Yanayi inda jinin jariri zai iya gauraya da na uwa:

• A lokacin haihuwa: Wannan shine yanayin da aka fi gani. Yana iya faruwa yayin haihuwa ta farji ko kuma lokacin tiyatar haihuwa.
• Zubar da jini a farji yayin daukar ciki.
• Rauni ko haɗari ga ciki.
• Matsalolin da ke faruwa a farkon daukar ciki, kamar zubar da ciki ko kuma daukar ciki a mahaifa.
• A lokacin gwaje-gwaje na musamman kamar amniocentesis.
• Idan jaririn yana cikin yanayin iska mai ƙarfi, likita yana ƙoƙarin juya jaririn da hannu yayin aikin ECV.

Shin wannan haɗarin yana shafar jariri na farko ko jariri na biyu?

Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Yawanci, jariri na farko mai Rh-positive ga uwa mai Rh-negative ba ya fuskantar wata babbar matsala.

Dalili kuwa shi ne, kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, jinin jariri yana iya shiga jikin uwa yayin haihuwa. Sannan, lokacin da jikin uwa ya fara samar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi, jaririn ya riga ya haihu. Don haka ba za a cutar da jaririn farko ba.

Amma, ainihin matsalar tana farawa ne a lokacin daukar ciki na gaba.

Yanzu jikin uwa ya gane furotin Rh kuma ya shirya yin rigakafi don yaƙar sa. Idan kina ɗauke da jariri mai Rh-positive a cikin mahaifa a karo na biyu , ƙwayoyin rigakafi da kika yi a baya, kina tunanin, "Ga maƙiyi ya sake zuwa!", sai ki tsallaka mahaifar ki fara lalata ƙwayoyin jinin jaririn. Kamar yaƙi ya fara a cikin jaririn.

Ana kiran wannan yanayin da cutar Rh . Idan ba a yi maganinta ba, tana iya zama da haɗari sosai ga jaririn da ke cikin mahaifa.

Yaya ake gane wannan? Menene hanyoyin magance shi?

Abin farin ciki, gano cutar da kuma magance ta abu ne mai sauƙi a waɗannan lokutan.

Ganewar Ganewa

Da zarar kin gano cewa kina da juna biyu, likitanki zai yi odar a yi miki gwajin jini domin a tantance ainihin nau'in jininki da kuma Rh factor.

• Idan kana da Rh-positive , babu matsala. Ba sai ka yi wani abu ba.
• Idan kana da Rh-negative , za a sake yin wani gwaji don ganin ko jikinka yana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi da ke yaƙi da furotin Rh.

Magani: Allurar riga-kafi ta hana D

Idan kana da Rh-negative kuma jikinka bai samar da kwayoyin rigakafi ba tukuna, likitoci za su ba ka allurar mai sauƙi amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Wannan allurar yawanci ana kiranta Anti-D . Sunan likita shine Rh immune globulin (RhIg) .

Wannan allurar rigakafi kamar saƙon ƙarya ce ga tsarin garkuwar jikinka. Yana hana jikinka yin waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu haɗari gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa ko da ɗan jinin jaririnka ya shiga jikinka, jikinka ba zai gane shi a matsayin maƙiyi ba.

Ana bayar da wannan allurar rigakafi ne a lokacin da:

• Kimanin makonni 28 na ciki: Kowace uwa mai dauke da Rh-negative ana ba ta allurar rigakafi guda ɗaya a wannan lokacin a matsayin rigakafin.
• Cikin awanni 72 bayan haihuwa: Ana gwada jinin jaririn kuma idan jaririn yana da Rh-positive ne kawai, za a sake yi wa uwar allurar. Wannan don kare jaririn a lokacin daukar ciki na gaba.
• A wasu lokuta: Likitan zai iya bayar da wannan allurar idan akwai zubar jini a lokacin daukar ciki, idan akwai hatsarin ciki, ko kuma idan an zubar da ciki.

Wadanne matsaloli jaririn zai iya fuskanta idan ba a yi masa magani ba?

Rashin daidaiton Rh ba ya shafar uwa, amma idan ba a yi maganinsa ba, zai iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani ga jaririn da ke cikin mahaifa a lokacin daukar ciki na biyu ko na gaba.

Babbar matsalar ita ce cutar anemia ta hemolytic . A taƙaice dai, ƙwayoyin jinin jariri suna lalacewa da sauri fiye da yadda ake samar da su. Kwayoyin jinin ja su ne ke ɗaukar iskar oxygen a jiki. Idan suka lalace, jaririn zai iya samun matsaloli masu tsanani.

• Ciwon Jaundice: Idan ƙwayoyin jinin ja suka karye, ana samar da wani abu mai launin rawaya da ake kira bilirubin. Idan wannan ya taru, fatar jariri da idanunsa za su yi rawaya. Yawan matakan na iya lalata kwakwalwa.
• Matsalar Hanta da Zuciya: Zuciya da hanta na jariri dole ne su yi aiki tukuru don maye gurbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja da suka lalace. Wannan na iya sa waɗannan gabobin su faɗaɗa kuma su lalace.
• Haihuwa a Bacci: A cikin mafi munin yanayi, jaririn zai iya mutuwa a cikin mahaifa saboda rashin jini da kuma gazawar zuciya.

Amma kada ku damu. Da yake an samar da allurar rigakafin hana kamuwa da cutar, irin waɗannan yanayi masu tsanani ba kasafai ake samun su ba a kwanakin nan.