Ua lohe anei ʻoe i ka SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea me nā kikoʻī!

E hoʻomanaʻo paha ʻoe, i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kamaʻilio ʻia e pili ana i kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi i laha a puni ka honua. ʻO ia hoʻi ʻo SARS. ʻO ka pololei, ma kahi o 2002 a i ʻole 2003 paha i lilo ai kēia i pilikia nui ma ka honua. Ua ʻeha ka poʻe ma nā ʻāina he nui ma muli o kēia, a ua nalowale kekahi o lākou ola. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia maʻi SARS. E hoʻomaopopo wale kākou i ke ʻano o ia mea, pehea i hoʻomaka ai, a me nā mea i hana ʻia i kēlā manawa.

He aha ka SARS? Pehea kona hopena i ka honua?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi viral ka SARS e hoʻopilikia nui ana i ko mākou ʻōnaehana hanu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻōnaehana hanu. Ua ʻike mua ʻia i ka hopena o 2002. I ka makahiki 2002-2003 i laha koke ai kēia maʻi ma kahi o 29 mau ʻāina a puni ka honua, e hoʻopilikia ana ma mua o 8,000 mau kānaka. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻoulu ia i ka nui o ka hopohopo a me ka hopohopo, no ka mea, he maʻi hou ia a ua hoʻopilikia nui ia iā mākou.

Akā, ʻo ka mea pōmaikaʻi, mahalo i ka hana wikiwiki a nā luna olakino a puni ka honua, ua kāohi ʻia kēia. ʻOiai ua loaʻa hou kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi i ka maʻi i ka makahiki 2004 ma muli o kahi hanana ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua ma Kina, ua kāohi koke ʻia kēlā. Mai ia manawa, ʻaʻohe hōʻike o SARS ma ka honua. ʻAʻole anei he mea hōʻoluʻolu nui kēlā?

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka SARS?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā hōʻailona o ka SARS. Hiki i kekahi o kēia ke like me ke anu maʻamau a i ʻole ka maʻi flū. Akā, ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai nā mea e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui e ʻike ʻia:

• Ke kuni kiʻekiʻe mau: He kuni maʻamau ma luna o 38 kekelē Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit). ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona nui e hele mua mai.
• Anuanu: He manaʻo o ke anu, e like me ka haʻalulu, e hoʻoluliluli ai i ke kino.
• ʻEha poʻo : He ʻoi aku paha kona koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka ʻeha poʻo maʻamau.
• ʻEha kino: He manaʻo ʻeha ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻiʻo.
• Kuke: Hiki ke hoʻomaka me he kuke maloʻo a laila lilo i kuke me ka huʻa i loko o kekahi mau lā.
• Pōkole o ka hanu: He hōʻailona hopohopo iki kēia. Hiki ke paʻakikī ke hanu, manaʻo e like me ʻoe e wheezing ana, a manaʻo e like me kou umauma e ʻū ana.
• Ka maʻi kahe: No kekahi poʻe, ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o ka ʻumi, hiki i ka maʻi kahe ke lilo i hōʻailona.
• ʻĀʻī ʻeha: ʻĀʻī ʻeha, paʻakikī ke ale.

E noʻonoʻo, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa wale i ke kuni a me nā hōʻailona anu ʻē aʻe. Akā no kekahi poʻe, hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona mua ke lilo i ʻū a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana i loko o ʻelua a ʻehiku mau lā. No laila, he mea nui loa ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i kēlā manawa no kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai inā hele pū lākou me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana me ke kuni.

He aha ke kumu o ka SARS?

ʻAe, pehea lā e ulu ai kēia maʻi SARS? ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka coronavirus e pili ana iā SARS , kahi maʻi kikoʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo (SARS-CoV-1) no ka pōkole. ʻIke anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā maʻi? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau ʻāpana genetic liʻiliʻi loa kēia, ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua uhi ʻia nā mea genetic e like me (DNA) a i ʻole (RNA) me kahi pūpū pale i hana ʻia me nā protein. Ke komo kēia mau maʻi i loko o ko mākou kino, hoʻohana lākou i nā kumuwaiwai o nā cell o ko mākou kino e hana i nā kope hou aʻe o lākou iho. Ke piʻi ka nui o ia mau maʻi, ua hōʻino ʻia kā mākou mau cell a maʻi mākou. Hana pū kēia maʻi (SARS-CoV-1) ma ke ʻano like.

Pehea e laha ai ka SARS?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou pehea e laha ai ka maʻi SARS mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. He mea nui loa ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke pale i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi.

Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ia ma o nā kulu hanu . ʻO ia hoʻi, nā kulu liʻiliʻi o ka wai, e like me ka lawai a me ka sputum , e puka mai ana i waho i ka wā e ʻū ai kekahi me ka maʻi, e kihe ana, a i ʻole e ʻōlelo nui ana. Inā kokoke ʻoe i kekahi e like me ia, hiki i kēlā mau kulu ke komo i kou kino ma o kou ihu, waha, a malia paha kou mau maka, a hiki iā ʻoe ke maʻi.

ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe ma ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā ʻili i loaʻa ka maʻi ma luna o lākou. No ka laʻana, inā hoʻopā ka mea maʻi i kahi ʻūpā puka, papa ʻaina, a kelepona paha me ka holoi ʻole ʻana i ko lākou mau lima, a inā paha e pīpī ʻia ko lākou kuha ma luna o kēlā ʻili, aia paha ka maʻi ma luna o kēlā mau ʻili. A laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻopā i kēlā ʻili a laila hoʻopā i kou waha, ihu, a i ʻole nā ​​maka me kēlā lima lepo, hiki i ka maʻi ke komo i loko o kou kino. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ka holoi pinepine ʻana i ka lima a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻili e pale aku ai i nā maʻi lele.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka SARS? Hiki paha ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi?

Ua ʻike mākou i kēia manawa ʻaʻole e laha hou ana ka SARS a puni ka honua. Akā i ka wā o ka maʻi ahulau 2002-2003, ua maʻi kekahi poʻe me ia e like me ka maʻi palū maʻamau a ua ola i loko o kekahi mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi o hoʻokahi o ka ʻumi poʻe (10% - 20%) i loaʻa i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi. Aia kekahi mau pilikia e hiki ke hana i ka wā e lilo ai i mea koʻikoʻi:

• Pneumonia: ʻO kēia ka wā e loaʻa ai ka maʻi i nā māmā a piha nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi (alveoli) i loko o nā māmā i ka wai. Pale kēia i ka oxygen mai ke komo pono ʻana a me ke kalapona dioxide mai ka puka ʻana i waho. Lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa ke hanu.
• Haʻahaʻa ka pae oxygen i loko o ke koko a me nā ʻiʻo (Hypoxia): Ke hana pono ʻole nā ​​māmā, ʻaʻole hiki i ke koko ke omo i ka nui o ka oxygen e pono ai ke kino. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻohe oxygen i nā ʻiʻo ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. He kūlana weliweli loa kēia.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu: Ke nāwaliwali loa nā māmā a hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hana i kā lākou hana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana o ka hanu ʻana. ʻO kēia ka manawa e pono ai ka hanu hana.

ʻO ka poʻe maʻi nui e like me kēia, inā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hanu iā lākou iho, ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i nā keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi ma nā haukapila.Pono mākou e hoʻohana i ka ea hoʻouluulu kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mīkini hoʻouluulu kino.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole i ka ʻino a maʻamau wale nō, ua hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka home. E like me kā mākou hana i ka wā e loaʻa ai ke anu a i ʻole ke kuni, lawe mākou i nā lāʻau ʻeha, nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kuni, inu i ka wai he nui, a hoʻomaha.

Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka maʻi SARS?

ʻO kahi nīnau a ka poʻe he nui e nīnau ai, inā paha he lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka maʻi SARS, ʻo ia hoʻi, he lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻōla piha i kēia maʻi. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hiki ke hoʻōla piha i ka maʻi SARS. Eia kekahi, e like me nā maʻi viral he nui, ʻaʻohe lāʻau antiviral kūikawā i kēlā manawa, a ʻaʻohe i kēia manawa. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana, ʻo ia ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona, ​​ke kākoʻo ʻana i ke kino (no ka laʻana, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen), a me ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia hiki.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka SARS? He aha kā mākou e hana ai?

ʻAe, nui nā mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi viral e like me SARS a me nā maʻi lele ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia nā ʻano maʻamau o ke olakino a kākou a pau i ʻike ai a pono e hahai i kēlā me kēia lā. Kōkua kēia mau mea i ka pale ʻana ʻaʻole wale mai ka SARS, akā, mai nā maʻi e like me COVID, a me nā mea e like me ke anu a me ka maʻi palū.

• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima: He mea nui loa ka holoi pono ʻana i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai e kahe ana no ka liʻiliʻi he 20 kekona. Pono ʻoe e holoi i kou mau lima ma hope o ka hele ʻana mai waho mai, ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua. Inā ʻaʻohe kopa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima i loaʻa ka waiʻona.
• E noho mamao aku mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke maʻi ʻoe: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni, ka ʻū, a i ʻole ka ihu wai, e noho ma ka home i ka hiki. E pale i ka hele ʻana i ka hana, ke kula, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi lehulehu. E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe mai ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• E ʻaʻahu i ka pale maka ke maʻi ʻoe a i ʻole manaʻo paha ʻoe e maʻi ana a ke hele ʻoe i nā wahi lehulehu: Mālama kēia i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe mai nā kulu wai āu e hoʻokuʻu ai ke ʻū ʻoe a ʻūhā paha.
• E uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kou kuʻekuʻe i ka wā e ʻū ana a i ʻole e ʻū ana: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i kou waha me loko o kou kuʻekuʻe a i ʻole kahi pepa ma mua o kou poho lima. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi pepa, e hoʻolei koke i loko o ka ʻōpala ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana.
• Mai hoʻopā i kou maka, maka, ihu, a me ka waha me nā lima holoi ʻole ʻia.

ʻO ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau hana e kōkua iā mākou e pale iā mākou iho mai nā maʻi lele he nui, ʻaʻole wale ʻo SARS.

ʻEhia ka poʻe i make i ka SARS?

I ka pau ʻana o ke ahulau SARS i ka makahiki 2003, ua make he 916 poʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. A laila, ma kahi ahulau liʻiliʻi i ka makahiki 2004, ua make kekahi kanaka hou. ʻO ia ka huina o ka poʻe i make i 917. Me ka ʻoi aku o 8,000 poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi i kēlā manawa, ʻo ka nui o ka make ma kahi o 10%. He kūlana kaumaha kēlā, akā no ke ʻano o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo ua hiki i ka hana wikiwiki a ka World Health Organization a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ke pale aku i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka poʻe i make.

He maʻi like anei ʻo COVID a me SARS?

He nīnau koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi kēia no nā poʻe he nui, no ka mea, ua like iki nā inoa. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole like ka maʻi COVID-19 a me SARS. He mau maʻi hanu lāua ʻelua i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻano virus like ʻole . Eia nō naʻe, ua like iki nā inoa no ka mea no ka ʻohana like o nā virus i kapa ʻia ʻo Coronaviruses nā virus ʻelua. ʻO ka virus e hoʻoulu ai i ka SARS ua ʻike ʻia ʻo SARS-CoV-1 ma ke ʻano ʻepekema a ʻo ka virus e hoʻoulu ai i ka COVID-19 ua ʻike ʻia ʻo SARS-CoV-2. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe hiki i kekahi mau coronaviruses ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi hanu liʻiliʻi e like me ke anu maʻamau?

Aia kekahi mau hoʻololi koʻikoʻi:

• Ka wikiwiki a me ka laha ʻana: ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki a me ka maʻalahi o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) ma mua o ka maʻi SARS (SARS-CoV-1). Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa mua i nā miliona o ka poʻe he COVID-19, he nui loa aku ma mua o ka SARS.
• Ka laha ʻana me nā hōʻailona ʻole: Me he mea lā ua maʻalahi ka laha ʻana o COVID-19 e nā poʻe ma mua o ka hōʻailona ʻana a me nā poʻe asymptomatic. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka laha ʻana o ka SARS ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka COVID-19.
• ʻO ke koʻikoʻi: ʻOiai hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke koʻikoʻi, ʻike ʻia ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka make mai COVID-19 ma mua o ka SARS, akā ma muli o ka nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka COVID-19, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka make ma mua o ka SARS.

Pehea i hoʻōki ʻia ai ka laha ʻana o ka SARS?

Ua kōkua nui nā hana olakino lehulehu i ka kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi ahulau SARS. I kēlā manawa, ua hana pū nā kānaka ʻepekema, nā kauka, a me nā limahana olakino a puni ka honua me ka wikiwiki loa.

• Ka ʻIke ʻana i ka Maʻi: Ua ʻike koke nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka maʻi (SARS-CoV-1) ma ke ʻano he kumu o kēia maʻi hou.
• Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻāʻo: I ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi, ua hoʻolauna koke ʻia nā ʻano hana (e like me nā hoʻāʻo PCR) i hiki ke hoʻāʻo no kona alo.
• Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā maʻi: ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka laha nui ʻana o ka SARS ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona, ​​​​no laila e ʻike koke ʻia ka poʻe me nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi flu ma nā kahua mokulele a me nā haukapila, a pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ka home.ʻO ka mea i hana ʻia, a i ʻole i mālama ʻia ma nā keʻena kūikawā ma nā haukapila, ua holomua loa ia i ka kaohi ʻana i ka laha ʻana.
• Ke kaha kiʻi ʻana: Ke loaʻa kahi mea maʻi, ʻike lākou i ka mea a lākou i launa pū ai a nānā pū iā lākou.
• Launa like honua: Ua kaʻana like nā ʻāina i ka ʻike a ua hana pū ma o nā hui e like me ka World Health Organization (WHO).

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea maʻamau i nā kānaka ke manaʻo i ka kānalua, ka makaʻu, a me ka hopohopo i ka wā e laha ai kekahi maʻi, ʻoiai he maʻi ahulau hou. No kekahi poʻe, he akahai ka SARS, a no kekahi poʻe he koʻikoʻi ia, e pepehi ana i nā haneli. Akā, ua hana pū nā kānaka ʻepekema, nā limahana olakino, a me nā kaiāulu i hoʻopilikia ʻia a hana ikaika, e kaupalena ana i ka nui o ka poʻe e maʻi ana. Ua hana pū nā luna olakino ma nā ʻāina like ʻole e ʻike koke i ka maʻi a kāohi i kona laha ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu i loaʻa ʻole ai nā hihia hou o SARS mai ka makahiki 2004.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻAe, no laila ke manaʻo nei au ua ʻoi aku kou maopopo i ka mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i ka SARS. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻaʻohe maʻi ahulau SARS ma ka honua i kēia manawa. He mea hōʻoluʻolu maoli kēlā. Akā, he nui nā haʻawina waiwai e aʻo ai mai kēia ʻano maʻi ahulau.

• Ke koʻikoʻi o nā hana olakino maikaʻi: ʻOiai nā mea maʻalahi e like me ka holoi ʻana i kou mau lima, ka noho kaʻawale ʻana mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke maʻi ʻoe, a me ke kau ʻana i ka pale maka hiki ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i ka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi lele.
• Nā holomua i ka ʻepekema a me ka noiʻi: Hōʻike maopopo nā mea e like me kēia iā mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻepekema i ka ʻike koke ʻana i nā maʻi, ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau pale.
• Ka mana o ka lokahi: ʻIke pū mākou i ka mana o ka lanakila ʻana i nā pilikia honua e like me kēia ke hui pū nā ʻāina, nā ʻepekema, nā ʻoihana olakino, a me ka lehulehu a hana pū i kahi pahuhopu like.

No laila, ʻoiai he maʻi weliweli ʻo SARS i ka wā ma mua, pono mākou e mākaukau e kū i nā kūlana like i ka wā e hiki mai ana me nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia mai ia mea. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka mālama mau i kou olakino a hana me ke kuleana.

SARS , SARS, maʻi hanu, coronavirus, nā hōʻailona, ​​maʻi viral, maʻi ahulau, olakino lehulehu