Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa thyroid

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ke kanesa thyroid ? Malia paha ua loaʻa i kahi hoaaloha a ʻohana paha kēia maʻi. A i ʻole ua ʻike paha ʻoe iā ia ma ka nūpepa a i ʻole ma ka Pūnaewele. ʻOiai he huaʻōlelo weliweli iki ia, he mea nui loa ia e loaʻa kahi ʻike maopopo e pili ana iā ia. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke kanesa thyroid, pehea e ulu ai, he aha nā hōʻailona, ​​a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai hopohopo, manaʻo wau e hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i kahi ʻike nui.

He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi thyroid a me ke kanesa thyroid?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ke kelepa thyroid , he ʻano pepeke ia e kū ana ma ke kumu o kou ʻāʻī. He mea nui loa ia no ka mea e hana ana ia i nā hormones e kāohi ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o kou kino i ka ikehu, a i ʻole ka metabolism . Kōkua pū kēia mau hormones i ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino , ke koko, a me ka helu o ka puʻuwai .

No laila, ʻo ke kanesa thyroid ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā pūnaewele i loko o ke kelepa thyroid e ulu ma ke ʻano ʻē a me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia he kanesa endocrine. Akā ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa, i ka hapanui o nā hihia, he ʻano kanesa hiki ke mālama ʻia a hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia . Kiʻekiʻe loa hoʻi ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻana.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid?

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ka nui o ka poʻe e hoʻopilikia nei kēia. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka ʻikepili ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma kahi o 53,000 mau hihia hou o ke kanesa thyroid i ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia he mea kakaikahi. Akā e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano kanesa thyroid he hiki ke mālama ʻia . Eia nō naʻe, pono mākou e hoʻomanaʻo he 2,000 mau kānaka e make ana mai kēia maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe , ʻekolu manawa ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid i nā wāhine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia i nā wāhine i ko lākou mau makahiki 40 a me 50, a i nā kāne i ko lākou mau makahiki 60 a me 70. Mai kahaha, i kekahi manawa hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid?

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kauka i ke kanesa thyroid ma muli o ke ʻano o nā pūnaewele e ulu ai ke kanesa. Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui:

• ʻO ka papillary carcinoma : ʻO kēia ʻano ka helu no kahi 80 pakeneka o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid āpau. Ulu mālie loa ia. Pane maikaʻi loa ka papillary carcinoma i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai inā e pālahalaha ana i nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ke ʻano kēiaHe kiʻekiʻe loa ka hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia, a he haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia o ka pōʻino i ke ola.
• ʻO ke kanesa Follicular: ʻO kēia ʻano he 15 pakeneka o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka laha ʻana i nā iwi a me nā ʻōpū o loko, e like me nā māmā. Ke laha, hiki ke paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia ( kane kanesa metastatic ).
• ʻO ke kanesa Medullary: ʻO kēia ʻano he 2 pakeneka o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid. Ma kahi o ka hapahā o ka poʻe me ke kanesa medullary he moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano kēia he hoʻololi ʻana o ka genetic ke kumu.
• ʻO ka carcinoma anaplastic: ʻO kēia ke ʻano paʻakikī a koʻikoʻi loa e mālama . Ulu koke ia a laha koke i nā ʻiʻo a puni a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa ia, e helu ana ma kahi o 2 pakeneka o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid.

Pehea e hoʻoholo ʻia ai nā pae o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kahi ʻano hana e ʻike ai i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o kahi maʻi kanesa, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā pae kanesa. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke pālahalaha mua nā hunaola kanesa thyroid (metastasize) i nā ʻiʻo kokoke a me nā lymph node. A laila hiki iā lākou ke pālahalaha i nā lymph node mamao, nā ʻōpū, a me nā iwi.

Aia nā pae o ke kanesa thyroid, mai hoʻokahi (I) a i ʻehā (IV). I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu, ʻo ka nui o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa. Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka.

He aha nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ke kanesa thyroid?

Hiki paha iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu kauka ke manaʻo i kahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole kahi ulu liʻiliʻi ma kou ʻāʻī. Kāhea mākou i kēia he nodule thyroid. Akā, ʻaʻole anei ʻoe e hopohopo i ke alo o kahi puʻupuʻu? ʻAʻole ka hapa nui o kēia mau puʻupuʻu he maʻi kanesa (benign) . Ma ka awelika, ma kahi o 3 o 20 mau nodules thyroid he maʻi kanesa (malignant).

Hiki paha ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe:

• Paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ke ale ʻana .
• Loli ka leo, palahalaha ka leo .
• Nā ʻōpuʻu lymph pehu i ka ʻāʻī.

He aha nā hōʻailona inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa?

I kekahi manawa hiki i ke kanesa thyroid ke laha (metastasize) i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Inā hana ʻia kēia, nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Luhi mau ka manaʻo.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai .
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi.
• Ka wiwi ʻana me ke kumu ʻole.

He aha nā kumu o ke kanesa thyroid?

ʻAʻole maopopo i nā loea ke kumu e lilo ai kekahi mau cell i mea ʻino a hoʻouka i ka thyroid gland. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia. No ka laʻana, ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka radiation, ka ʻai haʻahaʻa i ka iodine, a me kekahi mau mea genetic.

Eia kekahi mau kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe:

• Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōpū thyroid (goiter).
• Loaʻa kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi thyroid a i ʻole ke kanesa thyroid.
• ʻO ka thyroiditis ka mumū o ka kelepa thyroid.
• Hoʻokumu ʻia nā maʻi endocrine e kekahi mau hoʻololi gene. No ka laʻana, nā kūlana e like me ka Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) a i ʻole ke ʻano 2B (MEN2B).
• ʻAʻole lawa ka iodine i ka meaʻai.
• Ka momona nui (helu nui o ke kino).
• Ua loaʻa iā ia ka radiation therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻoiai i ka wā kamaliʻi.
• Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā mea radioactive i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā mea kaua nukelea a i ʻole nā ​​​​ulia pōpilikia o nā hale hana mana.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ke kanesa thyroid?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi nodule thyroid i hoʻonui ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hoʻokolohua:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā pae hormone thyroid e ʻike ai inā e hana pono ana ka gland.
• Biopsy: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o nā cell mai ke kelepa thyroid me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻomi nila maikaʻi e nānā i nā cell kanesa. I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia kahi biopsy node sentinel e nānā i ka laha ʻana i nā lymph nodes. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ka ultrasound e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi kikoʻī o ke kanesa i ka wā o kēia biopsy.
• ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana i ka Radioiodine: Hiki i kēia ke ʻike inā aia ke kanesa a inā ua pālahalaha. ʻAi ʻoe i kahi pila liʻiliʻi i loaʻa kahi nui palekana o ka iodine radioactive. Hoʻopili kou kelepa thyroid i ka iodine i loko o kekahi mau hola. A laila ana kahi mea kūikawā i ka nui o ka radioactivity i loko o ka gland. Inā he mau wahi i haʻahaʻa ai ka radioactivity, pono ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana e ʻike inā he kanesa ma kēlā mau wahi.
• ʻO nā scan kiʻi ʻē aʻe: Hiki i nā scan iodine radioactive, nā scan computed tomography (CT), a me nā scan positron emission tomography (PET) ke ʻike i ka maʻi kanesa thyroid a hoʻoholo inā ua pālahalaha.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ke kanesa thyroid?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu a inā ua laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia kekahi mau koho lapaʻau nui:

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino: ʻO kēia ke ʻano lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.Ma muli o ka nui a me kahi o ka puʻupuʻu, hiki i ke kauka lapaʻau ke wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka thyroid gland (lobectomy) a i ʻole ka gland holoʻokoʻa (thyroidectomy). Hiki iā lākou ke wehe i nā lymph node kokoke kahi i pālahalaha ai nā hunaola kanesa.
• Lapaʻau Radioiodine: E like me ke scan radioiodine, pili kēia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi pila a wai paha i loaʻa ka iodine radioactive. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui ma mua o ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia no ke scan. Hoʻemi kēia iodine a luku i ka ʻōpū thyroid maʻi a me nā hunaola kanesa. He palekana loa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopili ka ʻōpū thyroid i ka hapa nui o ka iodine, e waiho ana i ke koena o ke kino i hōʻike ʻia i ka radiation liʻiliʻi loa.
• Lapaʻau radiation: Hoʻopau ka radiation i nā hunaola kanesa a hoʻōki iā lākou mai ka ulu ʻana. I ka radiation therapy waho, kuhikuhi kahi mīkini i nā kukuna radiation ikaika pololei i ke kanesa. I ka radiation therapy kūloko, kau ʻia nā hua radioactive liʻiliʻi i loko a i ʻole a puni ke kanesa.
• Kemoterapi: ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau Kemoterapi, i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke kino a i ʻole ma ka waha, pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa a hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pono ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ke kanesa thyroid i ka chemotherapy.
• Hoʻōla Hormone: Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā hormones e kōkua i ka maʻi kanesa e pālahalaha a ulu hou paha.

He aha nā pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid?

Hiki i ke kanesa thyroid ke laha (metastasize) i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ke akepaʻa, nā māmā, a i ʻole nā ​​iwi. Inā ʻike ʻia ke kanesa a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o kēia laha ʻana.

ʻOiai ma hope o ka ho'ōla ʻia ʻana o ke kanesa thyroid, hiki iā ia ke hoʻi hou mai i kekahi manawa (recur) . Ma muli o ka ulu mālie ʻana o ke kanesa thyroid, hiki ke hala a hiki i 20 mau makahiki e hoʻi hou mai ai. Ma kahi o 30 pakeneka o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid e hoʻi mai.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ma hope o ke ʻoki kino ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka thyroid, pono kou kino i nā hormones thyroid. No laila, pono ʻoe e lawe i nā pila hormone thyroid no ke koena o kou ola. No ka laʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā hormones synthetic e like me `(levothyroxine)`. Hoʻololi kēia i nā hormones i hana ʻole ʻia e ke kino ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole pinepine kēia i nā hopena ʻaoʻao nui, akā pono ʻoe e hele no nā nānā lapaʻau maʻamau e nānā i kou olakino.

Pehea ka hopena o ke kanesa thyroid i ka hāpai ʻana?

ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻo ke kanesa thyroid ka lua o ke kanesa maʻamau i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hāpai.(ʻO ka mua, ʻo ia ke kanesa o ka umauma.) Ma kahi o 10 pakeneka o nā kanesa thyroid e ulu ana i ka wā hāpai a i loko o ka makahiki mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Manaʻo nā loea he kumu paha ka loli ʻana o nā pae hormone i ka wā hāpai.

Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ke kanesa thyroid i ka wā hāpai, e kamaʻilio kāu kauka me ʻoe e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau. Ma muli o ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kanesa, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka lapaʻau a hiki i ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēlā, hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke hana palekana i ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ke kelepa kanesa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i nā hoʻāʻo radiation a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai a i ʻole i ka wā hānai waiū.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e ho'ōla ai mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa thyroid?

ʻOkoʻa ka manawa e hana ai kēia mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Nui nā kumu e hoʻopilikia i kēia, me kou makahiki, ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu, ke kahua o ke kanesa, a me ke ʻano o ka lāʻau i loaʻa iā ʻoe. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā a ma hope o kāu lāʻau.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ke kanesa thyroid?

Nui ka poʻe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid me ke kumu ʻole, no laila he paʻakikī ke pale loa iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe ua pilikia ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, aia kekahi mau hana hiki iā ʻoe ke hana.

• ʻO ke ʻoki kino pale (prophylactic): Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua genetic ke ʻike inā he mutation kou i loko o kahi gene e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kūlana e like me ke kanesa thyroid medullary a i ʻole ka multiple endocrine neoplasia. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka gene, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hana i ke ʻoki kino prophylactic e wehe i ka thyroid gland ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa.
• Potassium iodide: Inā ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka radiation mai kahi ulia nukelea (e like me ka ulia Fukushima ma Iapana i ka makahiki 2011), ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka potassium iodide (Pima®) i loko o 24 mau hola e hōʻemi paha i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid ma hope aku o ke ola. Hana ka Potassium iodide ma ka pale ʻana i ka thyroid gland mai ka omo ʻana i ka nui o ka radioactive iodine, kahi e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o ka gland.

He aha ka nui o ka ho'ōla no ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid?

ʻEwalu mai loko mai o ka ʻumi o ka poʻe me ke kanesa thyroid he ʻano papillary i ʻōlelo mua ʻia. Ke kūloko ʻia ke kanesa thyroid papillary (localized) i loko o ka gland, kokoke ka helu ola ʻelima makahiki i ka 100 pakeneka. Ke pālahalaha ke kanesa (metastasized), kokoke ka helu i ka 80 pakeneka. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ma ka awelika, ʻo ka mea me ka maʻi thyroid papillary ākea he 80 pakeneka ka manawa e ola ai ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi me ka ʻole o ka maʻi.

Eia nā helu ola ʻelima makahiki no nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi thyroid:

• Follicular: Kokoke i ka 100% inā paʻa i ka gland; ma kahi o 63% inā laha ākea.
• Medula:Inā ua kaupalena ʻia i ka gland, kokoke ia i ka 100%; inā ua laha nui, ma kahi o 40%.
• Anaplastic: Ma kahi o 31% inā paʻa i ka gland; ma kahi o 4% inā laha ākea.

Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ke kanesa thyroid?

ʻAe, hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ʻano maʻi kanesa thyroid me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i laha nā hunaola kanesa i nā wahi mamao o ke kino. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole hoʻōla piha ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kanesa, e hana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e hoʻopau i ka nui o ke kanesa e like me ka hiki a pale i kona ulu hou ʻana a i ʻole ka laha ʻana.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Puka mai kahi puʻupuʻu hou ma ka ʻāʻī.
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai.
• Ka wīwī a momona paha me ke kumu ʻole.
• Manaʻo luhi loa.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid, he mea maikaʻi ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kekahi mau nīnau e like me kēia:

• No ke aha i loaʻa ai iaʻu ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa thyroid i loaʻa iaʻu?
• Ua pālahalaha anei ke kanesa ma waho o koʻu kelepa thyroid?
• He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa?
• He aha nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• E pono anei iaʻu ka lāʻau hoʻololi hormone thyroid?
• Aia koʻu ʻohana i ka pilikia no kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa? Inā pēlā, pono anei mākou e hana i nā hoʻokolohua genetic?
• Hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa hou i ke kanesa thyroid?
• Aia anei au i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe?
• He aha ka mālama ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai iaʻu?
• Pono anei au e hopohopo e pili ana i nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono wau e ʻōlelo… (Leka Lawe-Home)

He mea maʻamau ka makaʻu a me ka hopohopo ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe he maʻi kanesa. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia ʻoiai ke ʻano o ke kanesa. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kanesa thyroid e pane maikaʻi loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a he kiʻekiʻe ka manawa e ho'ōla ʻia ai. E wehewehe kāu kauka i nā koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kou ʻano maʻi kanesa thyroid.

Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā hormones thyroid synthetic no ke koena o kou ola. He mea nui kēia mau hormones no nā hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ke kino. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao nui. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hana i nā nānā mau e nānā i kou olakino. E noho maikaʻi, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka, a hiki iā ʻoe ke kū i kēia kūlana me ka holomua.