He aha kēia mau pūnaewele T Kōkua? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...
No laila, ʻo nā pūnaewele kōkua T ke ʻano nui o nā pūnaewele i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka pūʻali koa e pale aku ana i ko mākou ʻāina, loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻōnaehana nui i loko o ko mākou kino e pale aku iā mākou mai nā maʻi, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he ʻōnaehana pale . ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele T nā koa kūikawā i loko o kēlā ʻōnaehana. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā pūnaewele kōkua T kahi hui e hana ana i kahi kuleana kūikawā loa. ʻO ka hana nui o kēia mau pūnaewele, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i kahi maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi germ e hoʻoulu ai i kahi maʻi, ke komo i loko o ko mākou kino, a laila e hui pū me nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe a paipai iā lākou e hakakā i kēlā maʻi (hoʻāla iā lākou) . E like me ke aliʻi i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke kaua. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele kōkua T, ʻo ia hoʻi, ulu lākou, i loko o kahi gland liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka thymus ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ko mākou umauma. Ua like kēia me ke kula e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i kēia mau pūnaewele. Aia i loko o ka thymus e oʻo ai kēia mau pūnaewele a aʻo e hana pono i kā lākou mau hana. Nui nā ʻano o nā pūnaewele T. Ma waho aʻe o nā pūnaewele kōkua T, aia kekahi mau ʻano nui ʻē aʻe:- Nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic : ʻO kēia nā mea e hakakā pololei a luku i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi, e like me nā koa hoʻouka kaua i ka pūʻali koa.
- Nā pūnaewele T hoʻoponopono : ʻO kā lākou hana ke kāohi i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka wā e pono ai, a i kekahi manawa e hoʻōki iā ia mai ka lilo ʻana i mea hana nui.
- Nā pūnaewele NKT: Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka palekana ma ke ʻano laulā.
No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau pūnaewele T Kōkua i ko mākou kino? (Ke Kuleana o ka Palekana Adaptive)
I kēia manawa, e nānā, aia ʻelua ʻāpana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO kekahi ʻo Innate Immunity , ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana pale i hāʻawi ʻia iā mākou mai ka hānau ʻana a hana ma ke ʻano laulā e kūʻē i kekahi germ. ʻO kekahi ʻo Adaptive Immunity . He mea kūikawā loa kēia. No ka mea, ʻo kēia ka mea e ʻike i nā pathogens kikoʻī e komo i loko o ko mākou kino a aʻo e hakakā pono iā lākou. Me he mea lā ke kū ʻoe i ka ʻenemi like i ka lua o ka manawa, ua mākaukau ʻoe ma mua o ka manawa mua. Eia ʻoe.ʻO nā meʻe o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi adaptive ʻo ia kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua . ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pili lākou i ka hapa nui o nā pane pale adaptive. Hoʻāla nui lākou i ʻelua ʻano o nā pūnaewele: 1. Nā pūnaewele B: ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele B nā mea e hana i nā kemika kūikawā i kapa ʻia he antibodies i loko o ko mākou kino. Ua like kēia mau antibodies me nā mea kaua kūikawā. Hoʻopuka lākou i nā antibodies i kūikawā i kēlā me kēia pathogen a kōkua i ka luku ʻana i kēlā pathogen. 2. Nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic: E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ia nā mea e hakakā pololei i nā maʻi a luku i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like nā pūnaewele T kōkua me nā alakaʻi e haʻi aku i nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe, "E, he pilikia! E hana nā mea a pau!"Aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā pūnaewele T kōkua?
ʻAe, ke ʻike kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua i kahi maʻi, hoʻomaka lākou e hana ma ka māhele ʻana i ʻelua mau ʻano like ʻole. Eia kēia:- Nā pūnaewele kōkua TH1: Hoʻouna kēia mau pūnaewele i kahi leka kemika kūikawā (e kapa kākou he kauoha) e hoʻāla i kahi ʻano kelepona i kapa ʻia he macrophage . Ua like nā Macrophages me nā mea hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala i loko o ko mākou kino. "Ale" lākou i nā mea ʻē a me nā germs mai waho a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kino. Hoʻāla pū nā pūnaewele TH1 i nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua.
- Nā pūnaewele kōkua TH2: Hoʻāla kēia mau pūnaewele i nā pūnaewele B ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā leka kemika like ʻole. A laila hoʻomaka nā pūnaewele B e hana i nā antibodies . ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā hoʻoulu pū kēia mau pūnaewele TH2 i nā mea e like me ke kuni ʻana, ka ʻūhā ʻana, a me ka maʻi pākī , kahi e kōkua ai i ko mākou kino e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻē. Hoʻopuka pū ʻia nā antibodies e pili ana i kekahi mau maʻi allergies me ke kōkua o kēia mau pūnaewele TH2.
E noʻonoʻo i ka paʻakikī, akā naʻe, pehea ka akamai o ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino! Hana ʻia kēia mau mea a pau e pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi .
Pehea e hana ai kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua? (Hoʻāla ʻana)
He moʻolelo hoihoi loa kēia. Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele T kōkua kahi ʻāpana kūikawā ma ko lākou ʻili i kapa ʻia ʻo ka mea loaʻa CD4 . Ua like kēia me ke kī i ka puka. Loaʻa iā mākou kekahi mole kūikawā ʻē aʻe i loko o ko mākou kino i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mole MHC papa II (nā mole Major Histocompatibility Complex II).ʻO kēia mau molekala MHC papa II ka mea mua e "ʻike" ua komo kahi maʻi a i ʻole kahi mea ʻē i loko o ko mākou kino. A laila, launa pū ka mea loaʻa CD4 a me ka molekala MHC papa II kekahi i kekahi. Ua like ia me ke kau ʻana i kahi kī a me ka wehe ʻana i ka puka. ʻO ia ka manawa e hoʻāla ʻia ai nā pūnaewele T kōkua. Ke hoʻāla ʻia, hoʻokuʻu kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua i nā ʻelele kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo cytokines . ʻO kēia mau cytokines ka mea e hoʻouna i ka leka i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe, "Pono mākou e hoʻomaka i ke kaua i kēia manawa!"Pehea e hana pū ai nā pūnaewele T Kōkua a me nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic?
Ua like kēia mau mea ʻelua me ʻelua mau hui e hana pū ana. ʻO nā cytokines i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā pūnaewele T kōkua e kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic . Me he mea lā e ʻōlelo ana lākou, "ʻAe, ʻo kou manawa kēia, e hele e hana i kāu hana!" A laila hoʻokuʻu nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic i kā lākou mau kemika kūikawā e hakakā i ka maʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi, pepehi pololei iā lākou, a hoʻōki i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi. E nānā i ke ʻano o ka hana hui maikaʻi loa!Ma hea i loko o ko kākou kino i nui loa ai kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua?
Hoʻomaka mua nā pūnaewele T e ulu i loko o kahi ʻāpana huʻahuʻa o ko kākou mau iwi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka iwi iwi . A laila, i ko lākou wā ʻōpiopio, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ko lākou wā e ulu ana, hele lākou i kahi gland i kapa ʻia ʻo ka thymus . E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ua like ka thymus me kahi "kula" no kēia mau pūnaewele T. ʻO ia kahi e oʻo ai kēia mau pūnaewele a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO ka mea nui loa, aʻo ka thymus i kēia mau pūnaewele T e ʻike pono i nā pūnaewele i loko o ko kākou kino nona iho a me nā pathogens i hele mai mai waho . He mea nui loa kēia, inā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i kā kākou mau pūnaewele ponoʻī. Ke pau ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, kaʻapuni kēia mau pūnaewele ma loko o ko kākou kino mai ka thymus. He nui nā pūnaewele T ma loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic . Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, hiki ke loaʻa nā pūnaewele T kōkua i nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe i loko o:- ʻIwi iwi
- Nā ʻōpū
- Nā māmā
- Nā kiko Lymph - Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni, pehu kēia mau mea a hana i nā puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī a me nā armpits.
- ʻŌpū
- Nā Tonsils - Ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i nā tonsils i loko o kou puʻu.
He aha nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pūnaewele T Helper?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia kekahi mau maʻi e hoʻopilikia i ka hana o kēia mau pūnaewele T kōkua koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO kekahi o lākou:- Nā maʻi autoimmune:He kūlana kēia kahi e hoʻouka ai ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i ko kākou mau hunaola olakino ponoʻī. ʻO nā loli paha i ka hana o nā hunaola T kōkua ke kumu.
- ʻO ka maʻi leukemia lymphocytic koʻikoʻi: He ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e hoʻomaka ana i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi iwi.
- ʻO ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua: He ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e hoʻomaka ana i ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic.
- HIV: He maʻi kēia e hoʻouka i nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, ʻoiai nā hunaola T kōkua CD4. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale a alakaʻi i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo AIDS .
- ʻO ka maʻi hana: He maʻi ʻōnaehana pale maʻi laha ʻole kēia e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi pinepine.
- ʻAplasia Thymic: He kūlana kēia e kū mai ana i ka wā hānau ke ulu pono ʻole ka thymus. ʻO ka nele o kahi thymus kūpono e hopena i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā cell T.
Nā mea maʻalahi hiki iā mākou ke hana e mālama i ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale kino
Aia kekahi mau mea maʻalahi hiki iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale holoʻokoʻa, me kā kākou mau pūnaewele T kōkua, ikaika a olakino. ʻO ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau mea e kōkua nui i ka pale ʻana iā kākou mai nā maʻi.- E kaupalena i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona: E hōʻalo i ka waiʻona i ka hiki, a i ʻole e hoʻohana wale i ka nui i kaupalena ʻia.
- E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike: E ʻai i ka meaʻai e komo pū ana me nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, nā palaoa holoʻokoʻa, nā protein lean, a me nā momona olakino.
- E hoʻoikaika kino mau: E hana i nā mea e like me nā hana aerobic e kūkulu ai i ka ikaika, hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi, a hanu hohonu i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Hiamoe maikaʻi: E hiamoe ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻehiku a ʻewalu hola i kēlā me kēia pō.
- E pale i ka puhipaka: Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki. Inā ua hoʻomaka mua ʻoe, mai hoʻomaka.
- E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima: E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai e pale aku ai i nā maʻi.
ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)
No laila, i kēia manawa ua maopopo iā ʻoe ke koʻikoʻi o nā pūnaewele Kōkua T i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Ua like lākou me nā alakaʻi akamai o nā pūʻali pale o ko mākou kino. Ke hiki mai kahi maʻi, ʻo kēia mau pūnaewele Kōkua T e ʻike iā ia a, me nā pūnaewele hakakā ʻē aʻe (nā pūnaewele cytotoxic T a me nā pūnaewele B), e alakaʻi i ke kaua ʻana i kēlā maʻi.ʻAʻole anei he mea kupanaha ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana kupaianaha i ko kākou kino e pale aku iā kākou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kākou i ʻike? No laila, pono nō hoʻi kākou e hoihoi i ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana pale kino waiwai nui i ke ʻano maikaʻi. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hana ai i kēlā, ʻo ia ke ola i kahi nohona olakino. A laila hiki i kā kākou mau pūnaewele T kōkua ke hana pono i kā lākou hana!Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai kānalua e nīnau i ke kauka. E noho olakino!
Palekana, nā pūnaewele T, nā pūnaewele T kōkua, olakino, nā maʻi, nā maʻi ʻaʻai, nā pale kino
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