Aloha! Pehea ʻoe? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kekahi mau koa koʻikoʻi a ʻano ʻē hoʻi i loko o ko mākou kino. E like me nā koa e pale ana i ko mākou ʻāina, pale pū kēia mau ʻāpana iā mākou mai nā maʻi e komo mai ana i loko o ko mākou kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi mai nā ʻenemi e like me nā virus. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau kiaʻi liʻiliʻi
he mau cell T cytotoxic . Kāhea kekahi iā lākou he 'killer T cells'. Mai makaʻu, ʻoiai kēlā inoa, ʻo lākou ko mākou mau hoaaloha maikaʻi loa!
He aha kēia mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kēia mau `(nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic)`
he ʻano pūnaewele kūikawā i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Ua like ia me kahi hui hana mākaʻi kūikawā. ʻO kā lākou hana nui ka ʻimi a luku i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi ke komo nā mea e like me nā virus i nā pūnaewele o ko mākou kino. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou e kekahi poʻe he
`Killer T cells' . ʻOiai he ʻano ʻino iki ka inoa, kōkua nui lākou. E noʻonoʻo, he gland liʻiliʻi ko mākou i kapa ʻia ʻo
`(Thymus)` ma ke alo o ka umauma. ʻO ia kahi e hana nui ʻia ai kēia mau ʻano pūnaewele T ʻekolu.
- Nā pūnaewele kōkua T: ʻO kēia nā mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe a haʻi iā lākou, "Aia kahi hakakā ma ʻaneʻi, e hoʻomaka e hana."
- Nā pūnaewele T hoʻoponopono : ʻO kā lākou hana ke kāohi i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe i ka wā e pono ai. Ua like ia me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻAe, ua lawa, e hoʻōki" i ka pau ʻana o ke kaua.
- ʻO kā mākou protagonist, nā pūnaewele Cytotoxic T: ʻO kēia ka poʻe e hele pololei i ke kaua a luku i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
No kā kākou ʻōnaehana pale kūlohelohe kēia mau pūnaewele?
ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo pēlā. No kēia mau `(nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic)` i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo
'cell-mediated immunity' . He ʻāpana ia o ka
'adaptive immunity' . I kēia manawa ke nīnau nei ʻoe, 'He aha kēia innate immunity a me adaptive immunity?' E noʻonoʻo e like me kēia:
- ʻO ke ʻano palekana kūlohelohe ka ʻōnaehana pale i loaʻa i loko o ko kākou kino i ka wā hānau. Ua like ia me nā paia o kahi pā kaua, e pane ana i kekahi ʻenemi ma ke ʻano like, me ke koho ʻole kūikawā.
- ʻO ke ʻano palekana adaptive ka palekana a mākou e ulu mālie ai i ka wā e pili ana iā mākou i nā maʻi a i ʻole nā mea ʻē mai waho. He kikoʻī loa kēia. Ua like ia me kahi pūʻali koa i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia. Inā hālāwai lākou me kahi ʻenemi a lākou i ʻike ai ma mua, hoʻomanaʻo lākou iā ia a hoʻouka ikaika iā ia i ka manawa aʻe e hiki mai ai. Pēlā ka hana a kēia mau '(Cytotoxic T cells)'.
No laila he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic a me nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka maoli?
ʻO kēia mau mea ʻelua nā pale o ko kākou kino, akā he ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano o kā lākou hana. E noʻonoʻo e like me ia, ʻo `(Cytotoxic T cells)` ua like lākou me nā commandos e hoʻāla wale ana ke loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo akamai kūikawā. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻouka lākou i nā mea e like me nā virus, kekahi mea
Ma hope o ka hoʻāla ʻia ʻana e kahi 'antigen'. Akā, ʻokoʻa iki nā 'Natural Killer cells' . ʻAʻole pono lākou i kahi hoʻāla kūikawā e hoʻouka i nā cell ʻino. Hele wale lākou i ka hana ke ʻike lākou 'aia kahi pilikia'. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi:- ʻO nā pūnaewele Cytotoxic T kekahi ʻāpana o ka pane pale kino adaptive a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.
- ʻO nā "pūnaewele pepehi kanaka kūlohelohe" he ʻāpana ia o ka "pane pale kūlohelohe" .
I kēia manawa ua maopopo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻeā? Pehea e hana ai kēia mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic?
He ʻano hana kupaianaha loa kēia. E noʻonoʻo, aia i kēlā me kēia `(Cytotoxic T cell)` kahi mea kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo `(CD8 receptor)` ma kona ʻili. Ua like ia me kahi mea hana kūikawā a kahi mākaʻi. Hoʻopaʻa kēia `(CD8 receptor)` i `(MHC Class I molecules)` ma ka ʻili o nā cell o ko mākou kino. ʻO kēia mau `(MHC Class I molecules)` ua like me ka hae e hōʻailona ana i ka wā i loaʻa ai kahi cell olakino. No laila, i ka manawa koke e ʻike ai kēlā `(CD8 receptor)` i kahi cell i loaʻa i ka maʻi, hoʻāla ʻia kā mākou `(Cytotoxic T cells)`. A laila hana ʻia ka hana maoli. Hoʻopuka kēia mau `(Cytotoxic T cells)` i hoʻāla ʻia i nā mole kūikawā, i hoʻolālā ʻia e luku i kēlā maʻi. E like me ka missile e pā ana i ka pahuhopu, hele pololei ia i ka cell i loaʻa i ka maʻi a luku iā ia. Hoʻemi kēia i ka manawa kūpono o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ma ke kino. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupanaha ka hana a kēia mau cell liʻiliʻi? Pehea e hana pū ai nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic a me nā pūnaewele T kōkua?
Ua like kēia mau mea ʻelua me he mau hoaaloha maikaʻi loa lā ma ka hui hoʻokahi. Kōkua nā pūnaewele T kōkua i nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale. Ke ʻike lākou i kahi maʻi, hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā ʻelele kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo cytokines . Ua like kēia mau cytokines me nā leka ulia pōpilikia e haʻi aku ana i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe, "Aia kahi pilikia, e hele koke mai." ʻO kēia mau cytokines ka mea e hoʻāla ai i kā mākou mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic a kōkua iā lākou e hakakā i ka maʻi. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, haʻi aku nā pūnaewele T kōkua i nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic, "ʻAe, ʻo kou manawa kēia, e hele e hana i kāu hana." ʻO kēia ʻano o ka hana hui ka mea e hoʻoikaika ai i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Aia ma hea kēia mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic i loko o ko kākou kino?
Hoʻomaka mua nā pūnaewele T e ulu i loko o ko kākou 'iwi iwi' . A laila, no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, 'hoʻomaʻamaʻa', hele lākou i ka ʻōpū `(Thymus)` a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua. Ua like ia me ka hele ʻana i kahi kula hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Aia i loko o kēia `(Thymus)` kahi i ulu maikaʻi ai nā pūnaewele T a mākaukau no ka hana. A laila, hoʻopuni ka `(Thymus)` i kēia mau pūnaewele ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kā mākou 'ʻōnaehana lymphatic'He nui ka nui o kēia mau pūnaewele T ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻohuihui nui ʻia nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic, ʻo ia hoʻi, loaʻa lākou i nā helu he nui, ma nā wahi aʻe:- ʻIwi iwi
- Nā ʻōpū
- Nā māmā
- Nā kikowaena lymph
- ʻŌpū
- Nā ʻōpū
ʻO kēia nā wahi a lākou e makaʻala nei, e mākaukau ana e hele i ke kaua i kēlā me kēia manawa. Aia kekahi mau maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i kēia mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic?
ʻAe, ʻo ka mea pōʻino, aia kekahi mau maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kēia mau hunaola pale makamae o kākou. Hoʻopilikia kekahi mau 'maʻi autoimmune' i ka hana o nā hunaola T. ʻO ke ʻano kēia i kekahi manawa hoʻomaka kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī e hoʻouka i kā mākou mau hunaola ponoʻī. He kūlana kaumaha loa ia. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i nā hunaola T:- ʻO ka maʻi leukemia lymphocytic koʻikoʻi: He ʻano maʻi kanesa kēia e hoʻomaka ana i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi iwi.
- ʻO ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua: I kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa, hoʻomaka nā hunaola kanesa i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic.
- ʻO ka maʻi HIV : He maʻi kēia e hoʻouka i ko kākou mau hunaola koko keʻokeʻo. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "(AIDS) .
- ʻO ka maʻi hana: He maʻi ʻōnaehana pale maʻi laha ʻole kēia e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi pinepine.
- ʻAplasia Thymic: Ma kēia ʻano, hānau ʻia ke kanaka me kahi gland thymus kīnā ʻole, ka mea e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā cell T.
I kēia mau kūlana, ʻaʻole hiki i kā mākou mau pūnaewele T ke hana pono i kā lākou hana, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale kino.
He aha kekahi mau mea maʻalahi e hiki ai iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale kino?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ko kākou nohona ke kōkua nui i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ikehu maikaʻi a me kahi kūlana maikaʻi no ko kākou mau pūʻali koa palekana. Eia kekahi mau mea maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:- E hōʻalo i ka waiʻona, a i ʻole e kaupalena iā ia i ka hiki. ʻO ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale.
- E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike piha i nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, nā legumes, nā palaoa piha, nā protein lean (e like me ka iʻa, ka moa), a me nā momona olakino (e like me ka avocado, nā nati). ʻO kēia nā mea e hāʻawi mai i ka meaʻai e pono ai ko mākou kino a me nā cell immune.
- E hoʻoikaika kino mau . E hoʻokomo i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hoʻoikaika i kou kino, hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi, a hoʻonui i kou puʻuwai (aerobic). ʻO ka hele wāwae ʻana no 30 mau minuke i ka lā he hoʻomaka maikaʻi ia.
- E loaʻa i ka liʻiliʻi he ʻehiku a ʻewalu hola o ka hiamoe maikaʻi i ka pō. He hoʻomaha ka hiamoe no ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo, a kōkua nō hoʻi ia i ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻoponopono iā ia iho.
- Inā ʻoe e puhipaka , e hoʻōki. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka ke hōʻino nui i kou ʻōnaehana pale. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua e haʻalele, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
- I mea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai nā germs, e holoi mau i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai. He mea nui loa kēia ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua, a ma hope o ka hele ʻana mai waho.
Inā ʻoe e hoʻohui i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi i kou ola, e loaʻa i kāu ʻōnaehana palekana ka ikaika nui e pale aku iā ʻoe mai nā maʻi. No laila, he aha nā mea nui loa a mākou i aʻo ai i kēia lā? (Leka Lawe-Home)
Ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe i kēia manawa ʻo nā `(Cytotoxic T cells)` a mākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā he ʻano cell koʻikoʻi loa ia i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO lākou kekahi o nā ʻano nui o nā cell i hana ʻia i loko o kā mākou `(Thymus)` gland. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, eia kekahi mau mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai:- He poʻe loea nā pūnaewele Cytotoxic T e hakakā ana i nā maʻi, ʻoiai nā maʻi viral.
- ʻO lākou, me nā "helper T cells", hana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa o kā mākou "adaptive immunity" .
- Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i kā mākou mau pūnaewele T.
- Ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoikaika i ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale a kōkua i kēia mau pūnaewele T waiwai nui.
No laila, i kēia manawa ua ʻike nui ʻoe e pili ana i kēia mau mea pale liʻiliʻi akā ikaika loa e hana ana no ʻoe i loko o kou kino. ʻO kou kuleana ke mālama pono iā lākou!
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