ʻO wai kēia kauka lapaʻau colorectal? E ʻike pono kākou!

E kahaha iki paha ʻoe ke lohe ʻoe i ka inoa ʻo 'Colorectal Surgeon', me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, "ʻO wai kēia? He aha kā lākou hana?" Mai hopohopo, ʻaʻole ia he paʻakikī. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he kauka lapaʻau kēia i loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoki ma kou ʻōpū nui, rectum , a me ka anus . No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku, me he mea lā e kamaʻilio ana ʻoe me kahi hoaaloha, ʻae?

ʻO wai kēia kauka lapaʻau colorectal? Ua kapa ʻia anei ʻo ia he proctologist ma mua?

ʻAe, ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo 'proctologist'. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka wā ma mua, ua kapa ʻia nā kauka nāna i mālama i kēia ʻano maʻi he proctologists. ʻO 'Colorectal surgeon' ka inoa hou a hou no kēlā kahua lapaʻau.

Aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki o ke ʻano ma waena o kēia mau inoa ʻelua. Ke ʻōlelo mākou 'proctologist', pili nui ia i ka rectum a me ka anus. Akā ke ʻōlelo mākou 'colorectal', pili pū ia me ka colon a me ka rectum. ʻIke ʻoe, ʻo kēia mau mea ʻelua nā ʻāpana nui loa o ka ʻōpū nui. Eia naʻe, i ka hana maoli, ʻaʻohe mea i kapa ʻia o kēia mau inoa ʻelua, mālama kēia mau loea i kēia mau ʻāpana āpau . No laila, ʻaʻohe mea e noʻonoʻo nui ai.

No ke aha mākou e pono ai e ʻike i kahi kauka lapaʻau colorectal?

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe he ʻeha a he hōʻailona paha kou ma kou ʻōpū haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi kou ala gastrointestinal haʻahaʻa (GI). A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hele mua e ʻike i ke kauka laulā a i ʻole kahi gastroenterologist.

Inā, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana iā ʻoe, manaʻo ke kauka e pono ai ke ʻoki ʻana i kou kūlana, e kuhikuhi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kahi kauka hana colorectal.

ʻO kekahi mau kūlana colorectal e pono ai ke ʻoki ʻana:

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka polyposis : Pili kēia i nā kūlana maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka kolona a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ulu liʻiliʻi (polyps) hiki ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū mumū (IBD): He mumū lōʻihi kēia o ka uhi o nā ʻōpū. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e komo pū me nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi Crohn a me ka ulcerative colitis .
• Ischemia: ʻO kēia ka wā e hana ʻia ai kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpūUa emi a nalowale paha ke kahe koko . Ke hana ʻia kēlā, hiki i kēlā ʻāpana ke make.
• Nā kīnā kūkulu: No ka laʻana, nā fistulas - kahi pilina maʻamau ʻole ma waena o ka ʻōpū a me kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, nā hernias - kahi puka ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū ma o kahi nāwaliwali, a me ka prolapse - kahi puka ʻana a i ʻole ka puka ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ke kino, e like me ka rectum.

Ke mālama wale nei nā kauka ʻokiʻoki colorectal i ka colon?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻOiai ʻo nā kauka ʻoki colorectal ke loea nui i ka ʻōpū nui , ua aʻo ʻia hoʻi lākou ma ke ʻano he mau kauka ʻoki laulā .

Eia kekahi, hiki i kahi pilikia ma kekahi ʻāpana o ko kākou kino ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, ʻeā? No laila, pono i kēia mau loea ke mālama i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e pili pono ana i ka kolona a i ʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi like. ʻO ia mau ʻāpana:

• ʻōpū liʻiliʻi
• Nā ʻiʻo papahele pelvic (kōkua kēia i ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū mimi)
• ʻŌnaehana mimi
• ʻŌnaehana hānau wahine

He aha nā hōʻoia e pono ai e lilo i kauka lapaʻau colorectal?

He mea nui loa kēia. ʻO ke kauka lapaʻau colorectal kekahi kanaka nona ke kiʻekiʻe o ke aʻo ʻana a me ka ʻike loea . No ka laʻana, ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i mea e lilo ai i kauka lapaʻau colorectal, pono ke kanaka e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ke ʻano he kauka lapaʻau laulā no ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelima mau makahiki. Ma hope o kēlā, pono ke kanaka e hele i hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻoi aku paha o ke aʻo ʻana no ka noho ʻana ma nā kūlana colorectal.

Ma hope o kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, hala lākou i nā hoʻokolohua kākau a me ka waha a lilo i mau loea i hōʻoia ʻia e ka papa mai nā papa lapaʻau pili (e.g., American Board of Colorectal Surgery). No laila, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole kēia he huakaʻi maʻalahi, ʻo ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā mākou ke hilinaʻi i ko lākou ʻike a me ka hiki.

He aha ka mea kikoʻī a ke kauka lapaʻau colorectal e aʻo ai ma mua o ke kauka lapaʻau laulā?

Ke aʻo hohonu nei kēia mau loea i ka physiology ʻōpū a me ka anorectal , ʻo ia hoʻi, pehea e hana ai kēia mau ʻōkana a pehea lākou e launa pū ai me kekahi.

Ma muli o kēia ʻike hohonu, nā pilikia e kū mai ana i loko o nā ʻōpū a me ka rectumLoaʻa iā lākou kahi hiki kū hoʻokahi e kālailai i nā pilikia kino paʻakikī a hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau akahai e pono ai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo lākou nā loea i kēia kahua.

He aha ka hana a ke kauka lapaʻau colorectal?

Hoʻohana nā kauka ʻokiʻoki colorectal i nā ʻano hana endoscopic a me nā ʻokiʻoki āpau e mālama ai i kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi, loaʻa iā lākou nā mea hana a pau e pono ai lākou e mālama i nā kūlana paʻakikī.

Hiki iā lākou ke mālama iā ʻoe me ke ʻoki ʻole ʻana (e laʻa, ma o ka endoscopy), me ke ʻoki kino minimally invasive , a i ʻole, inā pono, me ke ʻoki kino hāmama .

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kauka ʻokiʻoki colorectal:

• Colonoscopy: Pili kēia i ke komo ʻana i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a palupalu (endoscope) me kahi kāmela a me ke kukui ma o ka anus e nānā i ka ʻōpū nui holoʻokoʻa . Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia e wehe i nā polyp liʻiliʻi a lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo (biopsies).
• Enteroscopy: He ʻano hana kēia no ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka endoscope.
• Sigmoidoscopy: Nānā kēia i ka ʻāpana hope loa o ka ʻōpū nui (sigmoid colon), ka rectum, a me ka anus.
• Laparoscopy: Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi loa i loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi kāmela kūikawā (laparoscope) e nānā i nā ʻōpū o loko o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻO ke ʻoki Laparoscopic: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo "keyhole surgery," he hana kēia e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laparoscope a me nā mea hana kūikawā. ʻAe kēia i ka hana ʻana i ke ʻoki me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki nui, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ka manawa hoʻōla.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana i ka robot: He ʻano ʻoki laparoscopic kēia. Eia nō naʻe, ma aneʻi ke kāohi nei ke kauka ʻoki i kahi lima robot ma o kahi console kamepiula. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻoki ʻana akahai loa a paʻakikī hoʻi .

ʻO kekahi o nā hana a me nā kaʻina hana i hana ʻia e nā kauka ʻokiʻoki colorectal:

• Polypectomy: Wehe ʻana i nā polyps (nā ulu liʻiliʻi) i loko o ka ʻōpū ma o ka endoscopy.
• ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ka mucosal endoscopic (EMR) / ka dissection endoscopic submucosal (ESD): Nā ʻano holomua no ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpū ma o ka endoscopic i nā papa o loko o ka ʻōpū i paʻakikī ke wehe.
• ʻO ka microsurgery endoscopic Transanal: He ʻoki kino kahi e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi mea hana kūikawā (proctoscope) ma o ka anus e wehe i nā ʻōpū nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea pale i loko o ka rectum.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻōpū: Wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole ka ʻōpū nui holoʻokoʻa, ma muli o ke kūlana.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana ostomy: Pili kēia i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka puka ʻana o ka ʻōpala mai ke kino a me ka hana ʻana i kahi stoma ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i kekahi hopena o ka ʻōpū i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he colostomy a i ʻole ileostomy.
• ʻO ke ʻoki anastomosis: Hoʻopili hou i ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū ma ka wehe ʻana i kahi ostomy i hana mua ʻia.
• Appendectomy: Wehe ʻana i ka appendix i ka wā e pehu ai (appendicitis).
• Anoplasty: Hoʻoponopono a hoʻololi hou paha i ka anus.
• Rectopexy: Hoʻihoʻi ʻoki ʻia ka rectal prolapse.
• Sacrocolpopexy: Hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka prolapse o ke kino pelvic.
• Hoʻoponopono Hernia: Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā hernias i loko o ka ʻōpū (e like me ka hernia inguinal, hernia incisional) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana laparoscopic a robotic paha.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana o ka cecostomy / antegrade colonic enema (ACE): Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu i loko o ka colon e hāʻawi i kahi hopena enema ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau kūlana, e like me ka constipation.

Hana pū lākou i nā mea e like me kēia e nānā i ka hana o kāu ʻāpana colorectal a me ka rectal:

• Hoʻokolohua rectal digital: He hoʻokolohua kahi e hoʻokomo ai ke kauka i kahi manamana lima i loko o ka rectum.
• ʻAnoscopy / Proctoscopy: Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi mea liʻiliʻi e nānā i ka anus a me ka rectum lalo.
• Defecography: Hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka X-ray a i ʻole MRI.
• ʻO ka ultrasound Endorectal: He scan o ka rectum a me nā ʻiʻo a puni ma ke komo ʻana i kahi probe ultrasound ma o ka rectum.
• Manometry Anorectal: Ana o ke kaomi a me ka hana o nā ʻiʻo ma ka rectum a me ka anus.

He aha nā ʻano kūlana e mālama ai nā kauka lapaʻau colorectal?

Nui nā kūlana e pono ai ke kipa ʻana i kahi kauka lapaʻau colorectal. E nānā kākou i kekahi o lākou ma nā hui:

ʻO ke kanesa colorectal, nā laʻana:

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai rectum
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai anal
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāpiki
• ʻO ka carcinomatosis peritoneal - ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū
• Nā puʻupuʻu stromal Gastrointestinal (GIST)
• Nā puʻupuʻu neuroendocrine
• ʻO kekahi mau maʻi kanesa hoʻoilina, e like me ke kanesa nonpolyposis colorectal hereditary (HNPCC) a i ʻole Lynch syndrome

Nā polyps colorectal a me nā syndromes polyposis hoʻoilina, nā laʻana:

• ʻO ka maʻi polyposis adenomatous Familial (FAP) - Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā haneli a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaukani o nā polyps i loko o ka kolona.
• ʻO Lynch syndrome - (i ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi ma lalo o ke kanesa)
• ʻO ka polyposis pili iā MUTYH (MAP)
• ʻO ka maʻi polyposis serrated
• Nā puʻupuʻu desmoid
• ʻO ka maʻi Peutz-Jeghers
• ʻO ka maʻi polyposis ʻōpio
• ʻO ka maʻi hamartoma PTEN

ʻO ka colitis paʻakikī (ka mumū o ke kolona), nā laʻana:

• Diverticulitis - Ka maʻi a i ʻole ka mumū o nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi (diverticula) ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻO ka maʻi ulcerative colitis
• ka maʻi o Crohn
• ʻO ka colitis microscopic
• ʻO ka pseudomembranous colitis - He kūlana e kū pinepine ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau antibiotics.
• ʻApendisitis - Ka mumū o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻO ka necrotizing enterocolitis - He maʻi koʻikoʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pēpē hānau hou.
• Ischemic colitis - ʻO ka mumū i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka emi ʻana o ke kahe koko i ka colon.

Nā maʻi ʻōpū hana, nā laʻana:

• ʻO ka hana pono ʻole o ka papahele pelvic - kahi kūlana e pilikia ai ka hoʻokahe ʻana.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke kāohi i ka ʻōpala (Fecal incontinence)
• Ka ʻōpala i ālai ʻia
• ʻAnismus - Hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaha pono i nā ʻiʻo o ka rectum i ka wā e ʻai ai.

Nā hemahema kūkulu, nā laʻana:

• Nā ālai ʻōpū nui
• Anal fistula - Ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kahi ala kūlohelohe ʻole ma waena o ka ʻili a me ka ʻōpū kokoke i ka anus.
• ʻO ka fistula Rectovaginal - kahi pilina kūlohelohe ʻole ma waena o ka rectum a me ka vagina.
• ʻO ka hernia perineal
• ʻO ka ʻōpū perianal
• ʻO ka prolapse rectal
• Ka emi ʻana o ke kino pelvic

ʻO nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka colon, nā hiʻohiʻona:

• Ke kahe koko ʻana o ka ʻōpū / ke kahe koko ʻana o ka rectum
• Nā māwae anal
• Nā warts anal
• Nā ʻōpū hemorrhoids
• Nā ʻeha rectum
• Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me ka hopena fecal

He hoʻomanaʻo iki e pili ana i kou kolona a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa

ʻO kou ʻōpū nui kahi ʻāpana nui o kou ʻōpū gastrointestinal haʻahaʻa . Hele ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai ma o kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe, a ma o kēia mea e hoʻopau hope ʻia ai nā huahana ʻōpala mai kou kino. No laila, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i kou mau ʻano ʻōpū (e.g., ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, ka maʻi diarrhea, ka constipation), he pilikia paha ia me kou ʻōpū gastrointestinal haʻahaʻa.

ʻO kēia ka manawa e lilo ai ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me ka mālama ʻana o ke kauka ʻoki colorectal i mea nui. ʻAʻole pono nā kūlana āpau i ke ʻoki ʻana . Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e pono ai ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi loea e like me kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa. E kuhikuhi aku kāu kauka lapaʻau a gastroenterologist paha iā ʻoe i kahi kauka ʻoki colorectal inā manaʻo lākou hiki i kēia loea ke hoʻokele maikaʻi i kou kūlana.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono wau e haʻi aku iā ʻoe... (Leka Lawe-Home)

Ke manaʻolana nei au ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo maikaʻi i kēia manawa no ke ʻano o ke kauka lapaʻau colorectal, kā lākou hana, a me nā ʻano maʻi a lākou e mālama ai.

ʻO ka mea nui, aia kēia mau loea ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe . Loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻike loea a me ke aʻo ʻana e pono ai no kou kūlana.

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē e pili ana i kou kolona, ​​rectum, a i ʻole anus (e.g., ʻeha mau o ka ʻōpū, koko i loko o kou ʻōpala, loli o nā ʻano hana o ka ʻōpū, ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia), mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia . E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
• Inā kuhikuhi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi kauka lapaʻau colorectal, mai hopohopo . ʻO ia hoʻi, pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā .
• E hoʻomanaʻo, me ka ʻepekema lapaʻau holomua o kēia wā, hiki ke hoʻokele pono ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia nā kūlana he nui e pili ana i kēia kahua .

No laila, pono ʻoe e noho olakino! Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi pilikia, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke kiʻi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūpono mai kahi kūpono.

Kauka lapaʻau colorectal , nā maʻi rectum, kauka lapaʻau colorectal, maʻi ʻaʻai colon, colonoscopy, ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe, ʻoki kino