ʻO nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka Acute Coronary Syndrome

Ua manaʻo koke anei ʻoe i kahi ʻūmiʻi ʻē, ʻeha, a i ʻole ka pōkole o ka hanu i loko o kou umauma? A i ʻole ua ʻike ʻoe i kekahi āu i ʻike ai e hana pēlā? Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hōʻailona o kahi maʻi puʻuwai weliweli loa. ʻO ka Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) kahi inoa maʻamau no kekahi mau maʻi e kū koke mai ana a ua hoʻokumu ʻia e nā poloka i loko o nā aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai.

He aha ka maʻi coronary acute (ACS)?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) kahi maʻi ulia pōpilikia e kū mai ana i ka wā e ālai koke ʻia ai nā aʻa coronary e lawe ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai, e pale ana i ka puʻuwai mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka oxygen e pono ai. E noʻonoʻo inā paʻa koke kekahi mea i loko o ka paipu e lawe ana i ka wai i ka pamu wai i kou hale. A laila ʻaʻole kahe pono ka wai i ka pamu. Hana like ka mea i ka puʻuwai. ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi hoʻokahi, akā he hui pū ʻana o ʻekolu ʻano maʻi puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau mea āpau ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, no laila he mea nui loa ka nānā koke ʻana i ke kauka.

He aha nā ʻano maʻi puʻuwai e hāʻule ana ma lalo o ACS?

ʻAe, he aha nā ʻano maʻi puʻuwai e hāʻule ana ma lalo o ACS? ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui. ʻOkoʻa kēia ma muli o kahi o ka puʻuwai i ālai ʻia ai ke kīʻaha koko, pehea ka lōʻihi o kona ālai ʻia ʻana, a me ka nui o ka pōʻino i hana ʻia i ka puʻuwai.

1. Angina Paʻa ʻole: ʻO kēia ka wā e ʻike koke ai ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻūmiʻi, ʻoiai ke hoʻomaha nei ʻoe. Hiki ke manaʻo e like me kekahi e ʻūmiʻi ana i kou umauma. He hōʻailona kēia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai . Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia ke koʻikoʻi ka ʻeha o ka umauma ma mua (angina paʻa).

2. NSTEMI (Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction): He ʻano hōʻeha puʻuwai nō hoʻi kēia. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia hihia , ʻaʻole hōʻike nui ka hoʻāʻo EKG (Electrocardiogram) , ka mea e ana i ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai, i ka ʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā hoʻāʻo koko ke ʻike i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai. Maanei, ʻaʻole i ālai loa ʻia ke aʻa coronary, a inā ua ālai ʻia, no ka manawa pōkole wale nō ia.

3. STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction): ʻO kēia ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai . Hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia ma o ka EKG a me nā hoʻāʻo koko. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ua pani loa ʻia kahi aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hōʻino ana i kahi wahi nui o ka puʻuwai.

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hoʻomohala i kēia maʻi ACS?

I kēia manawa ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ka mea hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka ACS. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomohala iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe me kekahi mau kumu pilikia e hoʻomohala iā ia.

Makahiki a me ke ʻano o ka nohona:

• Makahiki: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā kāne ma luna o 45 mau makahiki a me nā wahine i hala i ka menopause.
• Kaumaha loa/momona.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka cocaine.
• Ka nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Puhi paka.
• ʻAi pono ʻole (nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻaila, ka paʻakai, ke kō).

Nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe āu i loaʻa ai a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana:

• Inā ua laha mai ʻo COVID-19 .
• Ka maʻi diabetes.
• Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana nā maʻi e like me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka maʻi puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana.
• Ka pae kolesterol koko kiʻekiʻe.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Ke koko kiʻekiʻe / hypertension).
• Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou, preeclampsia, a i ʻole ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā hāpai.

Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona like me ACS

Akā, mai manaʻo ʻoe ʻo ACS ke kumu o ka ʻeha o ka umauma. Aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona like me ACS. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui e loaʻa kahi hōʻailona pololei a loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke . ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana e hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona like:

• Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke aorta.
• ʻO ka hānō.
• ʻO ka embolism pulmonary.
• Nā pilikia ʻōpū, ka reflux waikawa mau loa (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) a i ʻole nā ​​​​spasms esophageal.
• ʻO ka pericarditis.
• Nā pilikia ʻiʻo a iwi paha.
• Nā haki o ka iwi ʻaoʻao.
• Pneumonia.
• Nā pilikia ʻōpū e like me ka ʻōpū.
• Ke kaumaha, ka hopohopo, a i ʻole ke kaumaha.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka ACS?

ʻO ka Maʻi ʻAʻa Coronary (CAD) ka maʻi puʻuwai maʻamau ma ka honua a ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka make. No laila, ʻo ACS, kahi maʻi e pili ana i ka CAD, pepehi i ka nui o nā kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia i nā kāne a me ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻuwai coronary.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo ACS?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia kūlana ACS.

He ʻiʻo ko kākou puʻuwai. I mea e hana pono ai, pono ia i ka lako mau o ke koko waiwai i ka oxygen. Hoʻolako ʻia kēia koko e nā aʻa coronary a me nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi e lālā ana mai o lākou.

I kekahi manawa, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, kūkulu ʻia ka palaki i loko o kēia mau aʻa, e hoʻohaiki ana iā lākou. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he atherosclerosis . Ua like ia me ka ʻōpala e kūkulu ana i loko o kahi paipu wai i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

Hiki koke mai ka ACS inā pohā a haki paha kēia papa momona i waiho ʻia (plaque).

Ke hana ʻia kēlā, e hana ʻia kahi ʻūpā koko ma luna o ka ʻāpana i haki.Hoʻohaiki kēia ʻūpā koko i ke kīʻaha koko, a ālai loa paha iā ia. A laila, ʻaʻole loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai (ka myocardium) ka oxygen e pono ai. ʻO kēia nele o ka oxygen (ischemia) e hōʻino i ka ʻiʻo o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia ka manawa e hana ʻia ai ka angina paʻa ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua a i ʻole ka hōʻeha puʻuwai.

I ka mea pinepine ʻole, hiki ke hana ʻia ʻo ACS e nā kumu ʻē aʻe:

• ʻO ka embolism artery coronary ka paʻa ʻana o kahi aʻa coronary e kahi ʻōpū koko, pehu ea, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana momona.
• ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana o ke aʻa coronary.
• ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ke aʻa coronary i hana koke ʻia (SCAD).

He aha nā hōʻailona o ACS?

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka ACS ma muli o kahi i ālai ʻia ai ke kīʻaha koko, ka nui o ke ālai ʻana, kou makahiki, ke kāne, a inā he mau maʻi ʻē aʻe kou, e like me ka maʻi diabetes.

I ka manawa pinepine, hiki mai kēia mau hōʻailona me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻo, ʻoiai ke hoʻomaha ʻoe. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau ka ʻeha o ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole (angina) . Hiki i kēia ke manaʻo penei:

• Me he mea lā he ʻeha.
• Me he mea lā ua kuni ʻia.
• Kaumaha ka umauma.
• Paʻa ka umauma.
• E like me ka paʻi ʻana, ka ʻomi ʻana.
• Ua like ia me ka paʻa ʻana.

Hiki i kēia ʻeha ke pālahalaha i ka poʻohiwi hema, i lalo o ka lima, ka ʻāʻī, ke kua, a i ʻole ka ʻauwae. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike kekahi poʻe i nā hōʻailona umauma.

Nā hōʻailona maʻamau ʻē aʻe:

• Pōniuniu, poʻo māmā, a me ka manaʻo e like me ʻoe e maule ana.
• Ka hou nui koke ʻana (diaphoresis).
• Luhi, luhi.
• Ke manaʻo nei e kuʻi wikiwiki ana kou puʻuwai, ke manaʻo nei e kuʻi ana kou umauma (palpitations o ka puʻuwai).
• ʻEha ma ka ʻōpū o luna (hiki i kekahi ke kuhihewa i kēia no ka ʻōpū palupalu a i ʻole ka mumū o ka ʻōpū).

ʻO nā wāhine, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike i nā hōʻailona umauma i ka wā o ACS. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike hou aku i kēia mau hōʻailona:

* Ka luaʻi a i ʻole ka luaʻi ʻana.

* ʻEha e pālahalaha ana i nā poʻohiwi, ʻāʻī, ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi ʻauwae.

* Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea).

Inā hoʻomau a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka . Inā manaʻo ʻoe he hōʻeha puʻuwai paha kēia, e lawe koke i ka aspirin a hele i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa, a i ʻole e kelepona i ka 911.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka ACS?

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i ka ACS?

ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā ʻia kou kino. A laila, e loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko a me kahi EKG (Electrocardiogram).Ua pau kekahi. Hoʻopaʻa kahi EKG i ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai. Mai kēia mau hopena hoʻāʻo, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoholo inā he hōʻeha puʻuwai a he angina paʻa ʻole paha kou.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e kāpae i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe a koho i ka lāʻau kūpono loa. No ka laʻana, ʻo kahi hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui i kou puʻuwai a ana i ke ʻano o ka pane ʻana o kou puʻuwai ke hana ʻoe i kona kiʻekiʻe loa.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā haʻawina kiʻi, e like me ka CT scan a i ʻole ka MRI puʻuwai, e kiʻi i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o ka puʻuwai. Hiki ke komo pū me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻē aʻe:

• Nānā i ka helu kalipuna o ka puʻuwai.
• Ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ke catheter puʻuwai.
• ʻO ka angiogram tomography i helu ʻia no ka coronary (CCTA).
• ʻO ka angiogram coronary.
• ʻEchocardiogram.
• Kiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau nukelea.

He pilikia olakino ka ACS. Inā hōʻoia nā hoʻokolohua ua ālai ʻia ke kahe koko i ka puʻuwai, e mālama koke ʻia ʻoe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻia ʻana o kahi hōʻailona.

Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau piha no ACS?

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ACS. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino hou ʻana i kou puʻuwai a hoʻomau i ka hana ʻana e like me ka hiki. Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi hou aku iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā ala e hōʻemi ai i kou mau pilikia a pale i nā pilikia.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka ACS?

ʻO nā pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana no ACS, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha a hoʻihoʻi i ke kahe koko a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka puʻuwai i ka hikiwawe loa. E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kou kūlana kikoʻī. ʻO ka maʻamau, pili ia i ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kaʻina hana ʻoki e wehe i ke aʻa a hoʻihoʻi i ka hana o ka puʻuwai.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi no ACS?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e loaʻa ai e pili ana i kou kūlana kikoʻī. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi hōʻailona. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke komo pū me:

• Nā anticoagulants a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau hoʻokahe koko, e like me ka aspirin a i ʻole heparin.
• ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ka enzyme hoʻololi-Angiotensin (ACE), e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko.
• ʻO nā Beta-blockers, nā mea e hoʻomalu i ke koko a hoʻolohi i ka puʻuwai.
• ʻO Nitroglycerin, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kahe koko a hōʻemi i ka ʻeha o ka umauma.
• Nā mea hoʻopau ʻeha.
• ʻO nā statins, nā mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae cholesterol koko.
• Nā lāʻau thrombolytic i loko o nā hola 12 mua o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai .

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pilikia puʻuwai ʻē aʻe e pili ana, e like me:

• Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• Puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (Arrhythmia).

E pono anei iaʻu ke ʻoki kino no ACS?

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ke ʻoki kino no ACS, ʻo ia ke wehe hou i ke aʻa i paʻa a hoʻihoʻi i ke kahe koko maʻamau. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

• ʻAngioplasty me ka stent: Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻupena metala liʻiliʻi (stent) e wehe i ke aʻa i paʻa.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻoki ʻana i ke aʻa coronary (CABG): Ke hana nei i ala hou no ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
• Ke komo ʻana o ke koko coronary percutaneous (PCI): Ke wehe ʻana i kahi aʻa i paʻa.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ACS?

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nohona olakino no ka puʻuwai hiki ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ACS a me nā maʻi cardiovascular ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e hana pēlā:

• E pale i ka puhipaka: Inā ʻoe e puhipaka a hoʻohana paha i nā huahana nikotine, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā polokalamu a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e haʻalele i ka puhipaka.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai: E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi meaʻai meaʻai i kākau inoa ʻia e pili ana i kahi meaʻai e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i ke kaumaha olakino a hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO nā meaʻai Mediterranean a me DASH ʻelua mau meaʻai momona.
• E kaupalena i ka inu ʻona: E kaupalena i nā wahine i hoʻokahi mea inu i ka lā a me nā kāne i ʻelua mea inu i ka lā.
• E mālama i nā pilikia olakino e like me ke kolamu kiʻekiʻe, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes, ke kaumaha, ke kaumaha, a me ka hopohopo. Hiki i kāu kauka a i ʻole ke kākāʻōlelo olakino noʻonoʻo ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo a me ka lāʻau no kēia.
• E noho hana: Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha, hoʻomaikaʻi i kou olakino, a hōʻemi i ke kaumaha. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kekahi papahana hoʻoikaika kino.

He aha ka manaʻolana no ke kūlana ACS?

ʻO ka nānā ʻana no ACS e pili ana i ke kūlana kikoʻī i loaʻa iā ʻoe, kona koʻikoʻi, a me ka nui o ka hōʻino ʻia i ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai. Me ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, a me nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka manawa kūpono loa e ola ai i kahi ola olakino.

E hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka a mālama i nā ʻano olakino puʻuwai. E ʻike i kāu kauka i ka manawa kūpono, e hoʻopau i nā hoʻokolohua a kāu kauka e kauoha ai, a e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kāu mālama lōʻihi i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou mau pilikia a pale i nā pilikia.

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hāʻule puʻuwai, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi papahana hoʻoponopono puʻuwai e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻihoʻi i ka ikaika, hōʻemi i nā pilikia olakino, a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻano ola.

I ka manawa hea ʻoe e ʻimi ai i ke kōkua lapaʻau no ACS?

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ACS , e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau . Inā ʻike koke ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ACS, a inā manaʻo ʻoe he hōʻeha puʻuwai ia, e hele i ka ʻoihana pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa iā ʻoe, a i ʻole e kelepona i ka 911. Mai hoʻonele i ka manawa!

He aha ka ʻike e pono e hāʻawi ʻia i ka hui lapaʻau?

Ke hele ʻoe i ka haukapila, e nīnau aku ke kime lapaʻau iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e like me ka wā i hoʻomaka ai a me ke koʻikoʻi o lākou.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kikoʻī āu e hāʻawi ai. E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mea:

• I ka manawa hea i ʻike mua ai au i nā hōʻailona?
• He aha kaʻu e hana nei i kēlā manawa?
• He aha nā hōʻailona?
• ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ko lākou noho ʻana ma laila?
• He ʻeha koʻu? Aia i hea?
• Ma kahi pālākiō mai ka 1 a i ka 10, ehia ka nui o ka ʻeha aʻu e manaʻo nei?
• He mau maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe koʻu?
• He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻu e lawe nei i kēia manawa?

ʻO ka Acute Coronary Syndrome kahi maʻi puʻuwai maʻamau e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻia e ke kauka. Manaʻo paha ʻoe e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. Kāhea iā 1990 me ke kānalua ʻole, a i ʻole e hele koke i ka haukapila kokoke loa. Hiki i ka ʻike wikiwiki a me ka mālama ʻana ke kōkua i kou puʻuwai e hoʻi i ka maʻamau a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻōla.

He aha ka mea nui loa e pono ai kākou e lawe i ka home mai kēia moʻolelo? (Leka Lawe-i-ka-Home)

He mea maʻalahi loa ia. He maʻi koke a koʻikoʻi ka Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka pōkole o ka hanu, a i ʻole ka hou koke ʻana , hiki i ka ʻimi koke ʻana i ke kōkua lapaʻau ke hoʻōla i ke ola. He mea nui loa kēia inā he mau mea pilikia kou e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke ola ʻana i kahi nohona olakino, ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka, a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka he mau ala koʻikoʻi ia e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai kēia maʻi. E mālama i kou puʻuwai!

ʻO ka maʻi coronary koʻikoʻi, ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka angina, ke aʻa coronary, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia