Ua ʻike paha ʻoe ua maloʻo mau kou waha, ua pohihihi iki kou mau maka, a ua maloʻo mau paha kou ʻōpū ma muli o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei? Manaʻo paha ʻoe he mea ʻē aʻe kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kou maʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kumu o kēia paha, ʻo ia kou lawe ʻana me ka ʻike ʻole i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau nona nā waiwai anticholinergic. Mai hopohopo, he mea maʻamau loa kēia. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma ke ʻano maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha kēia mau lāʻau anticholinergic?
He mea paʻakikī iki paha kēia inoa. Akā, he maʻalahi loa ka moʻolelo. He pūnaewele kupaianaha loa ka ʻōnaehana nerve o ko kākou kino. ʻO kēia ka mea e kaohi ana i nā mea āpau mai ko kākou mau manaʻo, nā neʻe ʻana, ka hanu ʻana, a me ka puʻuwai. Aia nā "ʻelele" i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana nerve e lawe i nā leka i mua a i hope. E like me ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā leka ma kahi keʻena leka. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau ʻelele he `(Neurotransmitters)`.
ʻO kekahi ʻelele koʻikoʻi loa ʻo acetylcholine .
I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ka hana nui o kēia 'Acetylcholine'. ʻElua mau ʻāpana nui o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve autonomic.
1. ʻŌnaehana aloha: ʻO kēia kā mākou ʻōnaehana "hakakā a lele paha". I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻomākaukau kēia ʻōnaehana iā mākou e kū i kahi pilikia, makaʻu, a hoʻoweliweli paha. Ua like ia me ka mea hoʻolalelale i loko o ke kaʻa. Ke hoʻāla ʻia, kuʻi wikiwiki ko mākou puʻuwai, ākea ko mākou mau maka, a hou mākou.
2. ʻŌnaehana Parasympathetic: ʻO kēia kā mākou ʻōnaehana "hoʻomaha-a-ʻeli". ʻO ke ʻano kēia e kōkua kēia ʻōnaehana i ke kino e mālie, ʻeli i ka meaʻai, a hoʻomaha. Ua like ia me nā paleki ma ke kaʻa. ʻO kā mākou ʻelele i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Acetylcholine' e hana nui ana ma kēia ʻōnaehana.
ʻAe, i kēia manawa ua maopopo iā ʻoe ke kumu o ka moʻolelo, ʻeā? Hana nā lāʻau anticholinergic ma ke keakea ʻana i ka hana a kēlā ʻelele i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Acetylcholine'. ʻO ia hoʻi, ke hele kēlā ʻelele i kahi e pono ai e hāʻawi i kāna leka, ua ālai ʻia kēlā wahi (receptor). A laila ua emi iki ka hana o kēlā ʻōnaehana "hōʻoluʻolu" (Parasympathetic).
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻopaʻa nā lāʻau anticholinergic i ka hana a kahi ʻelele e hoʻomalu i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaha a me ka mālie i loko o ko mākou kino.
He aha ke ʻano o nā maʻi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
Aia ma mua o 600 mau lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa nā waiwai anticholinergic. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana i kēia waiwai anticholinergic e mālama ai i nā maʻi. Loaʻa i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau kēia waiwai ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao.
Ma ka papa ma lalo nei, e nānā kākou i kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana nui ana i kēia waiwai anticholinergic e mālama i nā maʻi.
| Inoa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau (laʻana) | Hoʻohana i nā hihia a me kahi wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻAtropine | He lāʻau lapaʻau kēia i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU). Hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i ka bradycardia i ka wā lohi loa ka helu o ka puʻuwai, a ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka lāʻau make mai kekahi mau pesticides. I ka hanana o ka lāʻau make, e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku kāu kauka i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Lāʻau Make ma ka Halemai Lahui no ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou aku. |
| ʻIpratropium / Tiotropium | Loaʻa kēia mau mea i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i hāʻawi ʻia i ka poʻe me nā maʻi hanu e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD. Kōkua kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ala ea a me ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻana. |
| ʻOxybutynin / Solifenacin | Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea e mālama i ka urge incontinence, kahi kūlana e pono ai ʻoe e mimi pinepine a pilikia i ka kaohi ʻana i kou kahe o ka mimi. Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻūlū ʻana o nā ʻiʻo i loko o ka ʻōpū mimi. |
| ʻO Scopolamine | Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e mālama i ka luaʻi a me ka nausea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka holo ʻana ma nā kaʻa a me nā moku (maʻi neʻe). I kekahi manawa hele mai lākou ma ke ʻano o kahi ʻāpana. |
| Benztropine / Trihexyphenidyl | Kōkua kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona e like me nā haʻalulu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi o Parkinson. |
| ʻO Diphenhydramine | He nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā maʻi ʻaleka (e.g., piritan) i loaʻa kēia mau mea. ʻO kēia waiwai anticholinergic ke kumu nui e hiamoe ai ʻoe a maloʻo ka waha i ka wā e lawe ai i kēia mau mea. |
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa kēia waiwai ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao
Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai ʻo kā lākou hana nui he mea ʻē aʻe, he hopena anticholinergic kona ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao.
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā kūlana e like me ke kaumaha (Tricyclic antidepressants). Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ('Nā lāʻau lapaʻau Antipsychotic') no nā maʻi noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi e like me ka schizophrenia .
- He nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi allergies ('Antihistamine').
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau anticholinergic?
I kēia manawa, ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe ke kumu o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e maloʻo ai ka waha a me ka ʻike maka ʻole. Ke hōʻemi mākou i ka hana o kēlā ʻōnaehana "hōʻoluʻolu", ua hoʻopilikia ʻia nā mea he nui i kāohi ʻia e kēlā ʻōnaehana.
Aia kekahi ʻōlelo nane Pelekania i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kauka e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao. "Wela e like me ka lāpaki, makapō e like me ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa, maloʻo e like me ka iwi, ʻulaʻula e like me ka pī, huhū e like me ka mea pāpale". ʻO ke ʻano kēia "Wela e like me ka lāpaki, makapō e like me ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa, maloʻo e like me ka iwi, ʻulaʻula e like me ka pī, huhū e like me ka mea pāpale" . ʻO kēia ka mea e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao nui.
E nānā maʻalahi kākou i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao a me ko lākou mau kumu ma ka papa ma lalo nei.
| Hopena ʻaoʻao | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka mea e hana ʻia? |
|---|---|
| Waha maloʻo a me nā maka | Hoʻoulu ka ʻōnaehana "mālie" i ka hana ʻana o ka lawai a me nā waimaka. Ke emi kona hana, emi pū ka hana ʻana o ka lawai a me nā waimaka. |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi | Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā ʻiʻo e hoʻololi ai i ka nui o ka haumāna, e paʻakikī ai ke ʻike kokoke i nā mea. Lilo nā haumāna i mea nui aʻe (dilated pupils). |
| Paʻakikī i ka mimi ʻana (Paʻa ʻana o ka mimi) | I ka emi ʻana o ka palupalu o nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū mimi, ua lilo ia i mea paʻakikī ke hoʻokuʻu loa i ka ʻōpū mimi. |
| Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū | Hoʻolohi ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe. |
| Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai (Tachycardia) | Piʻi aʻe ka helu o ka puʻuwai ma luna o nā pae maʻamau no ka mea ua hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ka "brake" e kaohi ana i ka puʻuwai. |
| Ka huikau / Ke kūlana noʻonoʻo i hoʻololi ʻia | He mea nui nō hoʻi ʻo Acetylcholine no ka hoʻomanaʻo a me nā kaʻina hana noʻonoʻo i loko o ka lolo. Ke hoʻopilikia ʻia, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka poʻe ʻelemakule, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka huikau. |
| ʻIli Hyperthermia a me ka ʻili ʻulaʻula | ʻO ka hou ʻana he ala no ke kino e hoʻoponopono ai i ka mahana. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻemi i ka hou ʻana, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka mahana o ke kino. |
I ka manawa hea ʻoe e pono ai e ʻike i ke kauka?
Inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi lāʻau anticholinergic, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono o ka lawe ʻana ma mua o nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
- Inā ʻaʻole e maikaʻi kou maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka (e.g., inā pilikia ʻoe ma muli o nā hopena ʻaoʻao).
- Inā koʻikoʻi nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā (e hele i ka hana, ka hoʻokele kaʻa, ke aʻo ʻana).
E noʻonoʻo, he hānō kou, a ʻo ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe e maʻalahi ai ka hanu ʻana, akā ua maloʻo loa kou waha. A i ʻole he paʻakikī iā ʻoe ke kāohi i kou mimi a ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i kou ʻike i mea pōuliuli iki. I kēlā hihia, ke kamaʻilio ʻoe me kāu kauka, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole e kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hāʻawi i nā hopena like.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā he pilikia kou, mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka nui o ka lāʻau ma kāu iho. E kamaʻilio mau me kāu kauka a e hahai i kā lākou ʻōlelo aʻo.
Leka Lawe-Home
- Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau Anticholinergic ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana o kahi ʻelele kemika (Acetylcholine) e hana ana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana "hōʻoluʻolu" o ko mākou kino.
- Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau maʻi, e like me ka hānō, ka maʻi Parkinson, a me ka incontinence urinary.
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi allergies a me ke kaumaha he waiwai anticholinergic kēia ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao.
- ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e komo pū me ka waha maloʻo, ka ʻike maka pohihihi, ka ʻōpū huhū, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, a me ka huikau.
- Inā ʻoe e hopohopo nei e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ia mea a i ʻole e hoʻoholo i kāu iho, akā e kamaʻilio pono me kāu kauka.
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