Ua hele mua ʻoe i kahi haukapila? Inā pēlā, hoʻokahi mea āu e pono ai e hana me ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi cannula i loko o kou lima. Ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi "he nila ma ka lima." Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea he nui, me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka saline, ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā antibiotics, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko... No laila, ʻo kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he peripheral IV . He mea maʻamau loa kēia. Ma kahi o 80% o nā maʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā haukapila a puni ka honua e pono e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi IV ma kēia ʻano. No laila e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau i kēia lā.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Peripheral IV?
ʻO ka IV peripheral he paipu palaki lahilahi a palupalu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kekahi o kou mau aa koko. Kāhea mākou i kēia he catheter . Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i loko o kahi aa koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila liʻiliʻi. Ke komo ka nila i loko o ke aa koko, wehe ʻia ka nila, e waiho ana i ka paipu palaki lahilahi i loko o ke aa koko. ʻO ia ka paipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kou lima me kahi plaster.
Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "peripheral" no ka mea ua hāʻawi ʻia i nā aa koko e mamao loa ana mai ke kikowaena o ko mākou kino (umauma), e like me nā mea ma nā lima a me nā wāwae. ʻO kēia ke ʻano lapaʻau intravenous i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka honua.
Ua kapa ʻia kēia ma kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe:
- ʻO ke catheter IV peripheral
- ʻO ke catheter venous peripheral
- Ka laina IV peripheral
No ke aha e pono ai mākou e hoʻokomo i kahi Peripheral IV?
E hoʻokomo ke kauka a kahu maʻi paha iā ʻoe i loko o kahi IV no kekahi mau kumu nui. Hiki iā ia ke huki ʻia ke koko ma o ia mea, a hiki nō hoʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hāʻawi pololei ʻia i loko o kou koko. ʻAe kēia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e komo koke a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻōla wikiwiki.
ʻO nā kūlana nui kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi IV:
- E hāʻawi i nā wai IV: ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he saline. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hāʻawi koke i nā wai i ke kino i nā kūlana e like me ka dehydration, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā ʻaʻole lawa ka wai i loko o ke kino.
- E hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai ke hana koke, ʻoiai nā antibiotics, e hāʻawi ʻia ma o ka intravenous. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā ʻē aʻe ma kēia ʻano.
- Nā hoʻoili koko: Ke pono ke koko i kekahi, hāʻawi ʻia ke koko ma o kēia laina IV.
- Hāʻawi i ka meaʻai wai: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e hāʻawi pololei i ka meaʻai i loko o kahi aa koko i nā poʻe maʻi hiki ʻole ke ʻai waha a omo paha i ka meaʻai ma o nā ʻōpū. Kāhea mākou i kēia meaʻai parenteral holoʻokoʻa (TPN) .
ʻO nā wahi maʻamau e kau ai i ka IV ʻo ke kua o ka lima, ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ke kuʻekuʻe lima, a i kekahi manawa ka wāwae. I nā pēpē liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana ʻia nā aʻa liʻiliʻi ma ke poʻo i kekahi manawa, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka loaʻa ʻana.
Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi cannula ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke waiho ʻia ma kahi no kekahi mau lā. No laila, inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi nila hou no kēlā me kēia mahele lāʻau. ʻO ka ʻeha āu e ʻike ai i hoʻokahi manawa hiki ke mau no kekahi mau lā.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano IV ʻē aʻe a me Peripheral IV?
Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo e like me ka laina PICC a me ka laina Central. He ʻokoʻa iki kēia mai ka Peripheral IV. E nānā kākou i ka ʻokoʻa.
| ʻAno IV | Wehewehena | Nā hihia hoʻohana |
|---|---|---|
| Ka Laina IV Peripheral | He ʻōmole pōkole a lahilahi. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa liʻiliʻi ma ka lima a i ʻole ka wāwae. | No ka mālama ʻana i ka wā pōkole (i kekahi mau lā). No nā mea e like me ka saline maʻamau, nā lāʻau antibiotic, a pēlā aku. |
| Ka Laina PICC (Cateter Waena i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao) | He ʻōmole lōʻihi a mānoanoa. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa koko ma ka lima ma luna o ke kuʻekuʻe a hoʻokomo ʻia i kahi aʻa koko nui ma ka umauma. | No nā lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi e mau ana i nā pule a i ʻole nā mahina (e like me ka chemotherapy no nā poʻe maʻi kanesa). |
| Catheter Waena | ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka laina PICC ma mua o ka laina PICC. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia ma o kahi aʻa koko ma ka lima a hele wale a hiki i kahi aʻa koko ma lalo pono o ka iwi ʻāʻī. | I nā hihia kahi e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka lōʻihi ma mua o kahi IV peripheral (1-4 mau pule) akā ʻaʻole koi ʻia kahi laina PICC. |
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka peripheral IV ka mea maʻalahi loa, palekana, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻokomo. ʻAʻole hoʻi e ʻeha iki.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana o ke kau ʻana i kahi IV?
ʻAe, e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi cannula i loko o kou lima. ʻAʻohe mea makemake e hou ʻia, akā ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke kaʻina hana e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha iki ʻana i kou makaʻu.
1. Hoʻomākaukau
ʻO ka mea mua, e nīnau ke kahu maʻi a kauka paha iā ʻoe no kou inoa a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia ai he kanaka maikaʻi ʻoe. Inā makaʻu ʻoe i nā nila, e haʻi iā lākou e pili ana i ia mea. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha. A laila e noi lākou iā ʻoe e kau i kou lima ma luna o kahi mea ʻoluʻolu, e like me ka uluna.
2. Ke loaʻa ʻana o kahi aa koko
ʻO ka hana aʻe, ʻo ia ke ʻimi i kahi aa koko maikaʻi. E holoi ke kahu maʻi i ko lākou mau lima, e kau i nā mīkina lima, a e nānā i kou lima. E ʻimi lākou i kahi aa koko pololei ʻaʻole e kū pono ana i loko, ʻaʻole e lālā, a he nui iki aʻe.
- Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi kaula laholio ( tourniquet ) e kau ʻia ana ma ka lima o luna. Hana ʻia kēia e hoʻopiha i nā aa koko me ke koko a ʻike maopopo ʻia.
- A laila haʻi lākou iā ʻoe e lulu lima.
- E pā i ke aʻa koko me kou mau manamana lima e ʻike ai i kona maikaʻi a inā paha e neʻe ana a puni.
- I kekahi manawa, inā paʻakikī ke loaʻa ʻana o kahi aa koko, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea ʻimi aa koko kūikawā.
3. Ke hoʻokomo nei i ka cannula
Ke loaʻa kahi aa koko maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi anesthetic topical e hoʻomānoʻino i ka wahi. He mea pono loa kēia no nā keiki ʻōpio. Wehe ʻia ke kaula laholio i kēlā manawa, no ka mea, he 30 mau minuke ka lōʻihi no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka anesthetic.
A laila, hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka wahi me ka antiseptic a hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia ke kaula laholio.
ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa. E huki pono ke kahu maʻi i ka ʻili o kou lima me kekahi lima. E hoʻōki i ka neʻe ʻana o ke aʻa. Me kekahi lima, e paʻa lākou i ka nila a me ka ʻōmole palakiko (cannula) a puni. E haʻi aku lākou iā ʻoe, "E hoʻokomo ʻia ana ka nila," a e hoʻokomo lākou i ka nila ma o ka ʻili a i loko o ke aʻa ma kahi kihi pāpaʻu loa.
Ke komo ka nila i loko o ke aʻa, puka mai kahi kulu koko liʻiliʻi ma hope o ke cannula. ʻO ia hoʻi ke hana pono nei ia. A laila , i ka huki mālie ʻia ʻana o ka nila i waho, ua paʻi iki ʻia ka ʻōmole palaki i loko o ke aʻa. ʻO ka hope loa, ua wehe loa ʻia ka nila, a ua wehe ʻia ke kaula laholio.
4. Ke hoʻopaʻa nei
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mea wale nō i koe i loko o ke aʻa koko ʻo ia ka ʻōmole palaki lahilahi. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka wahi a uhi ʻia me kahi ʻaʻahu moakaka. A laila, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka cannula i ka ʻili i ʻole e neʻe. ʻO ka hope loa, ua kākau ʻia ka lā a me ka manawa i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka cannula ma ka ʻaʻahu.
A laila, inā pono, e lawe ʻia kekahi koko no nā hoʻāʻo koko, a hoʻouna ʻia kahi holoi saline ma o ka laina saline e nānā inā e hana pono ana ka laina.
ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi kēia kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa ma mua o hoʻokahi minute inā hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi kahi aa.
He aha nā pilikia a me nā pilikia o kēia?
ʻOiai he hana palekana loa ke kau ʻana i kahi IV peripheral, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia liʻiliʻi i kekahi manawa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia.
- Maʻi:Hiki i nā germs ke komo i ke kahe koko ma o kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka cannula, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui e mālama i ka ʻāina i maʻemaʻe.
- Ke kahe koko a i ʻole ka Hematoma: Aia paha he wahi kahe koko iki mai ka wahi i hou ʻia ai, a i ʻole e hōʻiliʻili ke koko ma lalo o ka ʻili a lilo i polū.
- Thrombosis: Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi ʻōpū koko i loko o ke aʻa a puni ka cannula.
- Phlebitis: Ua lilo ka aa koko i maʻi a hiki ke lilo i ʻulaʻula a ʻeha.
- ʻAʻa koko i puhi ʻia: Inā hele ka nila ma o ke aʻa koko a hou iā ia, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka saline ke kahe i waho o ke aʻa koko a i loko o nā ʻiʻo, e pehu ai ka ʻāina.
- Ka hōʻino ʻana i nā aʻalolo a i ʻole nā aʻa: He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia.
Inā ʻulaʻula kou cannula, pehu, a ʻeha paha, a inā paha ua pau ke kahe ʻana o ka saline, e hoʻomaopopo koke i ke kahu maʻi a i ʻole kāu kauka.
Hiki i nā mea a pau ke loaʻa maʻalahi i kahi IV?
ʻAʻole. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo i ka cannula i ka manawa mua. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi ma waena o 65% a me 86% o nā hihia e holomua ana ma ka hoʻāʻo mua. Eia nō naʻe, ma waena o 8% a me 23% o nā hihia, he mea paʻakikī paha ke hoʻokomo.
Aia kekahi mau kumu e paʻakikī ai ke kau ʻana i kahi IV:
- Moʻolelo: Inā ua pilikia ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi IV ma mua.
- Ka maloʻo ʻana o ke kino: Ke nele i ka wai o ke kino, emi nā aa koko a paʻakikī ke loaʻa.
- Ke ʻano o nā aa koko: ʻAʻole ʻike maka ʻia nā aa koko o kekahi poʻe, a i ʻole he lahilahi loa lākou.
- Kala ʻili: I kekahi manawa he mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa nā aa koko o ka poʻe me ka ʻili ʻeleʻele.
- Nā kumu ʻē aʻe: Hiki ke paʻakikī ke loaʻa nā aʻa koko ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā ʻeha mai ke ʻoki ʻana, nā kūlana olakino e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke kanesa, ka pohō kaumaha a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha, a me ka chemotherapy.
Eia kekahi, hōʻike ka ʻikepili he mea paʻakikī iki paha i nā wahine ke loaʻa i kahi IV ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hiki ai ke waiho ʻia kekahi IV i loko?
ʻO ka maʻamau, e like me ke kulekele o ka haukapila, waiho ʻia kahi cannula IV peripheral hoʻokahi no 72 a 96 mau hola, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 3-4 mau lā. Inā pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka lōʻihi ma mua o kēlā, wehe ʻia ka cannula kahiko a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi cannula hou ma kahi hou e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻĀpana IVHe ʻōmole palaki lahilahi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi aa koko i loko o kou lima a i ʻole kou wāwae. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e lawe i nā mea e like me ka saline, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a me ke koko i kou kino.
- He ʻano hana maʻamau a palekana hoʻi kēia. No ka mea hiki ke waiho ʻia ma kahi no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana i hoʻokahi manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka pono e hou iā ʻoe iho me ka nila i kēlā me kēia manawa.
- Inā ʻoe e hopohopo nei e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi IV, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a kahu maʻi paha e pili ana i ia mea. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe.
- Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke paʻakikī i ka loaʻa ʻana o ko lākou mau aa koko. He mea maʻamau kēia. I ia mau hihia, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i nā manawa he nui.
- Inā ʻeha, ʻulaʻula, a pehu paha ka ʻāpana cannula, e hoʻomaopopo koke i ke limahana lapaʻau.
- Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu kauka .
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