Ke paʻakikī nei ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole kahi maʻi e like me ka hānō? Ua nānā anei ʻoe i ka inoa o ka inhaler āu e hoʻohana ai? Ua hāʻawi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo "beta-agonist." He aha ke ʻano maoli o kēia? He paʻakikī iki paha ke kani ʻana o ka inoa, akā mai hopohopo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia mea ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia beta-agonist?
ʻO nā Beta-agonists kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi māmā. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kā lākou hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā "switches" liʻiliʻi i loko o ko mākou kino. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau beta-receptors . E noʻonoʻo iā lākou he mau puka liʻiliʻi i loko o kā mākou mau cell. ʻO ka beta-agonist ke kī e wehe ai i kēia mau puka.
Ke hele kēia lāʻau lapaʻau (ke kī) a hoʻopaʻa i kēlā mea loaʻa (ka puka), loaʻa i kēlā cell kahi "hōʻailona" e hana i kekahi mea. Hoʻomaha kēia hōʻailona i nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā ʻōpū e like me ko mākou māmā a me ka puʻuwai. Ke hoʻomaha nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā māmā, e ākea nā ala ea i haiki, e maʻalahi ai iā ʻoe ke hanu. Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano beta-agonists ke hoʻonui i ko mākou puʻuwai a hoʻonui i ka pono o ka puʻuwai.
He aha nā ʻano nui o nā beta-agonists?
ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui o nā beta-receptors i loko o ko kākou kino: beta-1, beta-2, a me beta-3. No laila, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi i kēlā mau receptors.
Nā agonists Beta-1
Hoʻopili nui kēia i nā mea loaʻa beta-1 i loko o ko kākou puʻuwai . Ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau, hoʻomaka ka puʻuwai e kuʻi wikiwiki a hoʻomaka e pamu i ke koko me ka ikaika hou aku. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia e nā kauka ma nā haukapila i nā pilikia e like me nā hōʻeha puʻuwai.
Nā agonists Beta-2
ʻO kēia ke ʻano beta-agonist i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO ka inhaler hānō āu e hoʻohana ai, ʻo ia paha kekahi o kēia mau ʻano lāʻau. Hoʻopaʻa kēia i nā mea loaʻa beta-2 i loko o nā māmā . Ke hanu ʻia kēia mau lāʻau ma o kahi inhaler, hoʻomaha lākou i nā ʻiʻo a puni nā ala ea i loko o nā māmā, e hoʻonui ana iā lākou. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou he bronchodilators .
Ua māhele ʻia kēia ʻano beta-2 agonist i ʻelua mau pūʻulu:
- Nā beta-agonists hana pōkole (SABA): ʻO kēia nā mea i loko o kāu "mea hoʻopakele inhaler." E noʻonoʻo ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻouka koke ʻana o ka hānō a ua pōkole kou hanu. Ke pā ʻoe i kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe, hoʻonui koke ia i kou mau ala ea a maʻalahi ka hanu ʻana i loko o kekahi mau minuke.
- Nā beta-agonists hana lōʻihi (LABA):Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea i kēlā me kēia lā e kāohi i nā hōʻailona. Paipai nā kauka i kēia mau mea no ka poʻe me nā maʻi e like me COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) a i ʻole ka poʻe i loaʻa pinepine i nā hoʻouka hānō. ʻO ka hopena o kēia mau mea he mau hola.
Nā agonists Beta-3
He mea hou kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia nā beta-3 agonists e hoʻomaha ai i nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū mimi . ʻO kēia ke mālama ʻana i kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo "overactive bladder," ʻo ia hoʻi ka wā e pono ai ʻoe e mimi pinepine. Hoʻonui lākou i ka hiki o ka ʻōpū mimi a kāohi i ka makemake e mimi.
Nā kūlana nui e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā beta-agonists
E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻokoʻa nā kūlana e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā beta-agonists ma muli o ke ʻano o ka beta-agonist.
- Nā maʻi hanu: Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Beta-2 agonists (ʻoi aku ka inhalers) e mālama i nā kūlana e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD .
- Nā pilikia olakino: Hoʻohana ʻia nā agonists Beta-1 i nā haukapila e hoʻihoʻi i ka hana puʻuwai i nā hihia e like me nā maʻi allergies koʻikoʻi (anaphylaxis) a me ka cardiogenic shock.
- Maʻi puʻuwai: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai.
- Nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū mimi: Hoʻohana ʻia nā agonists Beta-3 e mālama i ka ʻōpū mimi overactive.
- Nā pae potassium koko kiʻekiʻe (Hyperkalemia): I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻohana ʻia kekahi agonist beta-2 e kāohi i nā pae potassium koko kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻohana i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka. ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono, ka nui, a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana nāu.
| ʻAno Beta-agonist | Nā laʻana (inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau) | Hoʻohana nui ʻia |
|---|---|---|
| ʻO ka agonist beta-2 hana pōkole (SABA) | ʻAlabuterol, Salbutamol, Levalbuterol | No nā pilikia hanu koke i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hānō a i ʻole COPD. |
| ʻO ka agonist beta-2 hana lōʻihi (LABA) | Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol | E mālama i nā hōʻailona hānō a me COPD i kēlā me kēia lā. |
| ʻAgonist Beta-1 | ʻO Dobutamine, Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) | E hoʻonui i ka hana a ka puʻuwai i nā pilikia e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. |
| ʻO nā agonists Beta-1 a me beta-2 | ʻEpinephrine (Adrenaline), Isoproterenol | I nā pilikia e like me nā maʻi allergies koʻikoʻi (anaphylaxis). |
| ʻAgonist Beta-3 | Mirabegron | ʻŌpū mimi hana nui. |
Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino?
He mea maʻalahi loa kēia e hoʻomaopopo. Aia i loko o ko kākou kino kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "autonomic nervous system." ʻO kēia ka mea e kaohi ai i nā mea i waho o ko kākou mana (e like me ka hanu ʻana, ka helu o ka puʻuwai). ʻO kekahi hapa o kēia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "sympathetic nervous system." ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka pane "hakakā a lele paha" o ko kākou kino.
E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e hele ana ma ke alanui a alualu koke mai kahi ʻīlio iā ʻoe. Ua loli koke kou kino, ʻeā?
- Ke kuʻi wikiwiki nei ka puʻuwai.
- Ke wikiwiki nei ka hanu ʻana.
- Manaʻo ke kino i ka ikehu nui.
ʻO ia ka hana a ka "ʻōnaehana nerve sympathetic". Hoʻoulu hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau Beta-agonist i kekahi mau ʻāpana o kēia ʻōnaehana, me ka ʻole o ka pilikia o ia kūlana weliweli.
- No nā māmā: Hoʻonui ia i nā ala ea, e kōkua ana i ke kino e loaʻa ka oxygen hou aku.
- No ka puʻuwai: Hoʻonui ia i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a hoʻouna i ke koko waiwai i ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo me ka wikiwiki.
- No ka ʻōpū mimi:Hoʻomaha ia i ka ʻōpū mimi, e ʻae ana iā ia e paʻa i ka mimi hou aku.
ʻO kahi papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o kēia ua kapa ʻia ʻo "beta-blockers." Ke ālai nei lākou i kēlā mau beta-receptors (gate) a mākou i kamaʻilio ai. A laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā beta-agonists ke hoʻoulu iā lākou.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki ke loaʻa mai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i nā beta-agonists ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao i kekahi poʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he inhaler, hele pololei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā māmā, no laila haʻahaʻa ka pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā mea e like me:
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai (Tachycardia)
- Puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (Arrhythmia)
- Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension)
- Haʻalulu o nā lālā
- Ka hoʻomaha ʻole a i ʻole ka hopohopo
- Ka hou ʻana
- ʻEha poʻo
- ʻEhaʻeha o nā ʻiʻo
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao, a inā ʻaʻole like kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hana, e kamaʻilio koke me kāu kauka . Hiki paha iā ia ke hoʻololi i kāu mahele lāʻau a kuhikuhi paha i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i ka beta-agonist, e ʻike pono i kāu kauka ma kēia mau kūlana.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena ʻaoʻao i manaʻo ʻole ʻia a koʻikoʻi paha.
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole e holo pono ana kāu lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i hoʻokahi puff wale nō o kāu inhaler, akā i kēia manawa pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha puffs.
- Inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona i kēlā me kēia lā.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pilikia nui o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a i ʻole nā lehelehe polū, e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa (ETU). He mau hōʻailona paha kēia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā Beta-agonists kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama nui ai i nā maʻi hanu e like me ka hānō a me ka COPD.
- Hana kēia ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ala ea i loko o nā māmā a me ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻana.
- ʻElua ʻano nui: ka hana pōkole (SABA) a me ka hana lōʻihi (LABA). Hoʻohana ʻia ka SABA i nā pilikia.
- Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻōlelo a ke kauka wale nō, a ma ke ʻano i kuhikuhi ʻia.
- Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka haʻalulu o ka lima a me ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai, a inā he koʻikoʻi lākou a inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole e holo pono ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
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