Auē! Ua komo kahi ʻāpana lepo i loko o ka maka... a i ʻole ua komo kahi kui o kahi pēpē i loko o ka maka... Ua hiki mai kēia mau mea iā mākou ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi i ko mākou ola. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, lilo ka maka i ʻulaʻula, kahe nā waimaka, a ʻeha loa ia a hiki ʻole iā mākou ke wehe, he mea weliweli ia. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia i loko o ia ʻano kūlana, ʻo ia ka ʻōpala iki ʻana o ka membrane moakaka i mua o ko mākou maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka cornea. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ma ke ʻano lapaʻau he 'corneal abrasion'. Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia me ka maopopo a me ka maʻalahi i kēia lā.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka ʻoki ʻana o ka cornea?
E noʻonoʻo i kou maka e like me ke kāmela. ʻO ka cornea ka ʻāpana aniani o ke kāmela e uhi ana i ka lens. He membrane moakaka loa kēia, laumania ma mua o ka pupil a me ka ʻāpana kala o ko kākou maka (iris). Ua like ia me ke aniani ma ka maka o kahi uaki. ʻO kēia kahi e komo mua ai ka mālamalama. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ia.
ʻO kēia papa ʻili o ka cornea, kapa mākou iā ia ʻo `(epithelium),` inā e kahakaha ʻia no kekahi kumu, kapa mākou iā ia he corneal abrasion . ʻOiai inā he kahakaha liʻiliʻi ia, he ʻano koʻikoʻi loa ko mākou mau maka, no laila hiki ke ʻeha loa. Akā ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau kahakaha e ho'ōla koke. Eia naʻe, inā ʻaʻole lākou e mālama pono ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i maʻi a lilo i mea koʻikoʻi.
He aha nā hōʻailona a mākou e ʻike ai ke ʻulaʻula ko mākou mau maka?
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki nā hōʻailona o ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka cornea mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.
| Hōʻailona | Pehea kona manaʻo? (Pehea kona manaʻo) |
|---|---|
| ʻEha maka | He ʻeha nui i ka wā e wehe ai i kou mau maka a i ʻole e neʻe ana i kahi kapuaʻi. I kekahi manawa ʻeha loa ia a hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke wehe i kou mau maka. |
| Manaʻo e like me he mea lā i loko o ka maka | Me he mea lā he mea i paʻa i loko o kou maka, e like me kahi hua one a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana lepo. ʻAʻole pili i ka nui o kou holoi ʻana i kou mau maka, ʻaʻole e nalowale ka manaʻo. |
| Ke kahe nei nā waimaka mai nā maka mai | Piha wale nā maka i nā waimaka i nā manawa a pau. Hoʻāʻo ke kino e holoi i kēlā lepo me nā waimaka. |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi | Lilo ka ʻike i mea pōwehiwehi, me he mea lā i loko o ka noe. Hiki ke loli kēia ma muli o kahi o ke kahakaha ʻana. |
| ʻUlaʻula o ka maka | Lilo ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o ka maka i ʻulaʻula. He hopena kēia i ka ʻeha. |
| ʻIke i ka mālamalama (Photophobia) | Lilo i mea paʻakikī ke nānā aku i ke kukui maʻamau. Ke puka mai ka lā a pio nā kukui, ua like koʻu mau maka me he mea lā e polū ana. |
| Pehu ʻana o ka maka | Ka pehu ʻana a puni ka maka a i ʻole ka lihilihi. |
Pehea lā e hiki ai ke ʻānai ʻia ka maka e like me kēia? He aha nā kumu nui?
Nui nā kumu e hoʻonāukiuki ai i nā maka. Hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mau mea ma nā ʻano a mākou i noʻonoʻo ʻole ai.
- Ke komo nei kekahi mea ʻē i ka maka: ʻO kēia ke kumu maʻamau.
- Lepo, one, a me ka lepo: Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo i loko o kou mau maka ke hele ʻoe ma ke alanui a i ʻole i ka lā makani.
- Lepo lāʻau, lepo hao: Inā ʻoe e hana ma kahi e like me ka hale hana lāʻau a hale kaʻa paha, nui ka manawa e komo ai kēia mau ʻāpana i kou mau maka inā ʻoe e hana me ka ʻole o nā aniani palekana.
- Nā lau lāʻau: Ke hana nei i loko o ka māla a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana i nā lālā, hiki i kahi ʻāpana lau liʻiliʻi a lāʻau paha ke komo i loko o kou maka a kahakaha iā ia.
- Ma muli o kā mākou mau hana ponoʻī:
- Nā Kui: Hiki iā ʻoe ke nahu i kou mau kui ponoʻī ke ʻānai ʻoe i kou mau maka. He mea maʻamau loa i nā mākua ke komo ko lākou mau kui i loko o ko lākou mau maka, ʻoiai ke paʻa ʻana i nā keiki liʻiliʻi a ʻoni lākou.
- Nā pulumu hoʻonaninani: Hiki i kahi pulumu i hoʻohana ʻia e nā wahine e hoʻopili i ka hoʻonaninani ke komo i loko o ka maka.
- Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aniani hoʻopili:
- Ke kau nei i nā aniani ke maloʻo kou mau maka.
- Ke hoʻohana nei i nā aniani maka i kūpono ʻole i ka maka.
- Ke ʻūmi nui ʻana i kou mau maka i ka wā e wehe ai a kau paha i nā aniani maka.
Ke hana ʻia kekahi mea i ko kākou mau maka, he mea maʻamau iā kākou āpau ke hamo i ko kākou mau maka. Eia naʻe, hiki i kēia ke hoʻopōʻino hou aku i ka cornea e kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōpala i loko o ka maka. No laila, he mea nui loa ʻaʻole e hamo i kou mau maka i kēia manawa.
He ʻōpala wale nō kēia, aia kekahi mea e makaʻu ai? Hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ma kahi o 99% o ka manawa, e ho'ōla wale nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi o ka cornea i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. ʻO kēia no ka mea e hana hou koke nā ʻāpana o ka cornea.
Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, ʻoiai inā hohonu ke kahakaha ʻana, a inā paha e komo ana kekahi mea lepo (e like me ka lepo a i ʻole ka ʻōpala) i loko o ka maka, a inā paha e lohi ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia.
- Keratitis: He maʻi kēia o ka cornea. Hiki ke hana ʻia e kahi maʻi bacteria a fungal paha. He kūlana koʻikoʻi kēia e hiki ke hōʻino i kou ʻike.
- ʻEha Corneal: Hiki i kahi maʻi i mālama ʻole ʻia ke hana i kahi ʻeha hāmama ma ka cornea. ʻOiai ke ho'ōla nei kēia mau mea, hiki iā lākou ke waiho i nā ʻeha, hiki ke hoʻopilikia mau i ka ʻike.
- ʻIritis: He mumū kēia o ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (iris). Hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha nui a me ka ʻike i ka mālamalama.
- ʻO ka maʻi erosion recurrent: I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ua ho'ōla ʻia ka ʻeha, ua nāwaliwali ka papa o ka cornea a hoʻomaka e kahakaha hou a hou me ke kumu ʻole (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wehe ʻana i nā maka i ke kakahiaka). He ʻano ʻeha loa kēia.
ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui e ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa kahi ʻōpala ma kou maka , ma kahi o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana iā ia he mea liʻiliʻi.
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka me ka ʻeha maka , e nīnau mua ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kekahi mau nīnau. "Pehea lā i hana ʻia ai kēia?", "He aha nā ʻehaʻeha?", "He aha ke ʻano o kāu hana?", a pēlā aku, e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo o ke kūlana.
A laila, nānā ʻia ka maka. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lako kūikawā no kēia.
- Hoʻokolokolo kukui ʻoki: He mea hana ikaika loa kēia e like me ka microscope e hoʻonui ai i kou maka a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi loa ma kou cornea. Hiki iā ia ke nānā i nā mea i paʻa i loko o kou lihilihi.
- Hoʻāʻo kala fluorescein:He hoʻāʻo hoihoi loa kēia. E kau ke kauka i nā kulu melemele i loko o kou maka. Mai hopohopo, ʻaʻole ia e ʻeha. Ma hope o ke kau ʻana i nā kulu, inā he ʻōpala ma kahi o ka cornea, e omo wale ʻia kēia kala e kēlā wahi o ka ʻeha. A laila, ke hoʻomālamalama ʻoe i kahi kukui polū ma luna, ʻo ka wahi wale nō kahi o ke ʻōpala e ʻālohilohi i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pololei i ka nui a me ka hohonu o ke ʻōpala.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai? A he aha kā mākou e hana ai ma ka home?
Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka maka.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, mai hamo i kou mau maka! Hiki i ka hamo ʻana ke hoʻonui i kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, a hiki i kahi ʻāpana lepo i loko ke hōʻino hou aku i ka cornea.
Nā mea hiki ke hana mua
- Holoi maka: Holoi maikaʻi i ka maka me ka wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka wai saline, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻAimo: E ʻaimo i kou mau maka i kekahi mau manawa. E kōkua kēia i ka holoi ʻana i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi me kou mau waimaka.
- Ke huki ʻana i ka lihilihi o luna i lalo: E hopu i ka lihilihi o luna a huki i lalo ma luna o ka lihilihi o lalo. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ke kahe ʻana o nā waimaka mai ka maka a kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpala.
Inā ʻaʻole e emi ka ʻeha a me ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka maka ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea, e ʻike pono i ke kauka.
Lapaʻau lapaʻau
- Ke wehe ʻana i ka mea: Inā he mea i paʻa i loko o ka maka, e kau ke kauka i nā kulu hoʻomānoino i ka maka a wehe pono iā ia me kahi mea hana kūikawā a i ʻole ka pulupulu pulupulu e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antibiotic: I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā kulu maka antibiotic a i ʻole nā mea ʻaila. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Erythromycin a i ʻole Ciprofloxacin. Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kēia mau mea no ka lōʻihi e like me ka lōʻihi o kāu kauka e haʻi aku ai iā ʻoe.
- Nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha: ʻAʻole pono paha kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi i nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha. Eia nō naʻe, inā koʻikoʻi ka ʻeha, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha a i ʻole nā kulu maka e kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka ʻeha.
- Nā aniani hoʻopili kāʻei: I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai inā nui ka ʻōpala, e kau ke kauka i kahi aniani hoʻopili kūikawā ma kou maka e like me ka kāʻei. E hōʻemi kēia i ka ʻeha ke hamo ʻoe i kou maka a kōkua i ka ʻeha e ho'ōla wikiwiki. Inā ʻoe e kau i kahi aniani hoʻopili e like me kēia, pono ʻoe e hoʻi mai i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā no ka nānā ʻana.
Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka ʻeha o ka maka?
"ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana," wahi a lākou. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēlā ʻōlelo no nā maka. Inā ʻoe e hahai i kekahi mau hana palekana maʻalahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ia mau pōpilikia i kahi nui.
| Manawa kūpono / pilikia | Hana e hana ʻia |
|---|---|
| Hana lāʻau, hana hao, kuʻihao, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea wili | E hōʻoia e ʻaʻahu i nā maka aniani/maka aniani palekana. E hoʻolilo i kēia i mea maʻamau. |
| Māla, ʻoki mauʻu, ʻokiʻoki | He manaʻo maikaʻi ke komo ʻana i nā aniani palekana, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i nā mīkini. |
| Ke pāʻani nei i nā haʻuki e like me ka cricket, hockey, pôpeku | E komo i nā maka aniani palekana kūpono no ka mea hiki i nā mea e like me ka pōpō a i ʻole ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa ke pa i kou mau maka. |
| Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aniani hoʻopili |
|
Āhea ʻoe e ʻike pono ai i ke kauka? Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU)?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻeha ma kou mau maka, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. I nā hihia aʻe, pono ʻoe e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
E ʻike koke i ke kauka:
- ʻOiai inā ʻoe e holoi i kou mau maka, ʻaʻole e nalowale ka manaʻo o kekahi mea i paʻa i kou mau maka.
- Inā ua pōwehiwehi kou ʻike.
- Inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻeha.
- Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi hoʻomaikaʻi ma hope o 24 mau hola o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia e ke kauka.
E hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila:
Aia kekahi mau kūlana i ka wā, ma kahi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kauka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e hele i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa i ka hikiwawe loa.
- Inā ua paʻa kekahi mea i loko o kou maka: Eia kekahi laʻana, inā manaʻoʻiʻo ʻoe ua paʻa kekahi mea ʻoi, e like me kahi ʻāpana uea a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana aniani, i loko o kou maka, mai ho'āʻo e wehe i ka mea iā ʻoe iho.
- Inā he ʻeha nui, ʻeha hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui.
- Inā nalowale koke kou ʻike a i ʻole lilo i mea pouli loa.
- Inā e kahe ana ke koko a i ʻole kekahi wai ʻē aʻe mai ka maka mai.
- Inā komo kahi kemika i kou maka: No ka laʻana, ka waikawa, ka bleach, a pēlā aku. Inā hana ʻia kēia, e holoi i kou maka me ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka lōʻihi e hiki ai (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15-20 mau minuke) ma mua o ka hele ʻana i ka ETU.
ʻO ko kākou mau maka ko kākou waiwai makamae loa. No laila, ʻo ko kākou kuleana ke mālama iā lākou. Mai kānalua e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i ka wā e pono ai, me ka nānā ʻole i nā mea liʻiliʻi āu e ʻike nei.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka corneal he kahakaha ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka maka. He kūlana maʻamau kēia.
- Inā loaʻa ka lepo a i ʻole kekahi mea i loko o kou maka, mai hamo a ʻomi paha. ʻO ka mua, holoi me ka wai maʻemaʻe.
- ʻOiai ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpala e ho'ōla ʻia i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā, he mea nui e ʻike i ke kauka e pale i ka maʻi a loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono.
- Hiki ke pale ʻia kēia ʻano ulia ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kau ʻana i nā aniani palekana i ka wā e hana ana i ka hana lāʻau, ka hana metala, ka māla ʻana, a i ʻole kekahi mau haʻuki.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha nui, ka nalowale koke o ka ʻike, kahi ʻū ma ka maka, a i ʻole kahi pīpī kemika, e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila.
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