Skip to main content

ʻO ka Septum Deviated: ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ia mea

ʻO ka Septum Deviated: ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ia mea

Ke manaʻo pinepine nei ʻoe ua paʻa kekahi ʻaoʻao o kou ihu? Ke manaʻo nei anei kekahi ʻaoʻao ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma mua o kekahi ke hanu ʻoe? A i ʻole ke hoʻāla nei ʻoe i kou ʻohana i ka pō ma muli o ke kani ʻana o ka hū ʻana? ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kumu o kēia mau mea ma mua o kou manaʻo. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui ma ko mākou ʻāina, akā ʻaʻole i kūkākūkā pinepine ʻia, i kapa ʻia ʻo ' Deviated Septum '.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka septum deviated?

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe aia he ʻelua lumi i loko o kou ihu. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻelua puka ihu. Aia kahi pā e hoʻokaʻawale ana i kēia mau lumi ʻelua. Hana ʻia kēia pā me ke cartilage a me ka iwi. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia pā ʻo ka septum nasal .

ʻO ka maʻamau, pono kēia paia ma waenakonu. A laila hiki i ka ea ke komo like i loko o nā puka ihu ʻelua. Akā i kekahi poʻe, ua huki ʻia kēia paia, a i ʻole septum, i kekahi ʻaoʻao a kūlou paha. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he septum deviated .

ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ma kahi o 80% o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua e loaʻa ana kekahi ʻano o ka ihu paʻa. Akā, ʻaʻole paʻakikī iā lākou a pau ke hanu . ʻO ka poʻe wale nō i ʻike i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole mai kēia paʻa e pono ai ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā kumu nui o ka ihu wai?

Aia paha he ʻelua kumu nui no kēia.

  • Hānau ʻia: Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi septum ihu e puka iki ana i ka wā hānau. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ke kaomi mai ka pēpē e ulu ana i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine a i ʻole i ka wā hānau.
  • Nā ʻeha i ka ihu: ʻO ka mea aʻe, ʻo ia nā ʻeha i ka ihu. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻana i ka wā e pāʻani ana i ka wā kamaliʻi, kahi ulia i ka wā e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki (no ka laʻana, i nā haʻuki e like me ka rugby a i ʻole cricket), kahi hahau ikaika i ka ihu i ka wā o ka hakakā, a i ʻole kahi ulia kaʻa.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona?

ʻO ka hōʻailona nui i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe he nui me ka ihu wai, ʻo ia ka ihu paʻa, ʻoiai inā manaʻo ʻia ua paʻa kekahi ʻaoʻao. E nānā kākou i kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻailona He wehewehe maʻalahi
Paʻa ihu He manaʻo o ka ʻūlū ma kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​puka ihu ʻelua. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻūlū ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻoe i ke anu.
Nā maʻi sinus pinepine Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine nā maʻi sinus ma muli o ke kūpikipikiʻana o ka ihu, kahi e pale ai i nā mea huna mai ka hoʻokahe ponoʻana.
Ka hanu ʻana a me ka hanu nui ʻana i ka wā hiamoe No ka mea he paʻakikī ke hanu ma kou ihu, hoʻowalewale ʻia ʻoe e hanu ma kou waha me ka ʻike ʻole. He kumu nui kēia o ka hāhā ʻana.
Ka kahe pinepine ʻana o ka ihu Hiki i ka maloʻo o ka ʻili o loko o ka ihu ke pohā a hoʻokahe i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi.
ʻEha maka a me ke poʻo Hiki i ke kaomi i loko o ka ihu ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha o ka maka a i ʻole ke poʻo ʻeha.
Makemake e hiamoe ma kekahi ʻaoʻao No ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao i ālai ʻole ʻia, makemake au e huli a hiamoe ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka ihu paʻa a me ka apnea hiamoe

He mea nui loa kēia. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka polyp nasal hiki ke alakaʻi i ka Sleep Apnea , kahi kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hiamoe. Ke kaupalena ʻia ka hanu ʻana o ka ihu, pili pololei ia i ka maikaʻi o ka hiamoe. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi noiʻi he 4.5 mau manawa ka nui o ka poʻe me ka polyp nasal e loaʻa i ka Sleep Apnea.

Pehea e ʻike pololei ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi loea pepeiao, ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī ( loea ENT) . E nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a nānā i kou ihu.

  • Hoʻokolokolo: E hoʻohana ke kauka i kahi kukui kūikawā a me kahi mea hana (nasal speculum) e nānā i loko o kou mau puka ihu. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōmole me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi (endoscope) i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ihu e nānā pono i loko o kou ihu.

He hoʻāʻo liʻiliʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home.

ʻAʻole kēia he pani no kahi hoʻokolokolo lapaʻau, akā hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka.

1. E pani i hoʻokahi puka ihu me kou manamana lima.

2. E hanu hohonu ma o ka puka ihu ʻē aʻe. E nānā i ka maʻalahi a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.

3. I kēia manawa, e hana like ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.

Inā paʻakikī loa ka hanu ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao i ka hana ʻana i kēia, aia paha kahi pale ihu.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā koho lapaʻau i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻoponopono mau ʻana i ke kūlana me ke ʻoki ʻana.

1. Ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻAʻole e hoʻopololei kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ke alahaka ihu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke kāohi i ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke alahaka, e like me ka ihu paʻa a me ka ihu wai.

  • Nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ihu: Loaʻa kēia ma ke ʻano o nā ʻūpā ihu a i ʻole nā ​​papa. Kōkua lākou i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pehu i loko o ka ihu a maʻalahi hoʻi ka hanu ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻohana ʻia no kahi manawa pōkole wale nō.
  • Nā pīpī steroid ihu: Hoʻemi kēia i ka pehu ʻana o ka ihu a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka wai. Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka .
  • Nā Antihistamine: Inā paʻa kou ihu ma muli o nā maʻi allergies, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke hoʻoulu i ka hiamoe.

2. Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka moena ma o ke ʻoki kino

Inā ʻaʻole kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ke hoʻopilikia nei kāu mau hōʻailona i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ke ʻoki kino. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻoki kino ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka ihu, ma kahi o 15 mau makahiki .

  • Septoplasty: ʻO kēia ke ʻoki maʻamau. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hana ke kauka ʻoki i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ihu, wehe i ke cartilage a i ʻole ka iwi keu mai ka septum i deviated, a hoʻopololei i ka septum. He kaʻina hana ʻeha ʻole kēia e lawe pinepine ʻia ana he 1 a 1.5 mau hola.
  • Septorhinoplasty: I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke kūkulu hou ʻana i ke alahaka o ka ihu, pono paha e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o waho, a i ʻole ke ʻano, o ka ihu. Kapa mākou i kēia he "hana nose." Ke hana pū ʻia kēia mau ʻoki ʻelua, kapa mākou ia he Septorhinoplasty.

He mea maʻamau ke manaʻo iki i ka makaʻu ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ke ʻoki kino. Akā, he mau ʻoki kino maʻamau kēia i kēia manawa, a he mau hopena holomua loa ko lākou. He mea maikaʻi loa ka hōʻoluʻolu āu e loaʻa ai i ka hanu ʻana ma hope o ke ʻoki kino. Ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o ke ʻoki kino.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • ʻO ka septum deviated ka ʻaoʻao o ka paia waena o ka ihu (ka septum) i kekahi ʻaoʻao. He kūlana maʻamau loa kēia.
  • ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka ʻeha mau ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hiamoe, nā maʻi sinus pinepine, a me nā ʻeha poʻo.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike aku i kahi loea pepeiao, ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī (loea ENT).
  • Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i nā hōʻailona ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma ke ʻano he hopena mau loa, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino (Septoplasty) e hoʻoponopono i ka septum nasal.
  • Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i kou hiamoe a me ke ʻano o ke ola, no laila he mea nui loa e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau kūpono .

Paʻa ihu, Septum i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, Paʻa ihu, Hanu ʻana, Sinus, Septoplasty, loea ENT
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 4 + 5 =
ʻO ka Septum Deviated: ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ia mea
Nā ʻoki kino6 Iulai 2026

ʻO ka Septum Deviated: ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ia mea

Ke manaʻo pinepine nei ʻoe ua paʻa kekahi ʻaoʻao o kou ihu? Ke manaʻo nei anei kekahi ʻaoʻao ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma mua o kekahi ke hanu ʻoe? A i ʻole ke hoʻāla nei ʻoe i kou ʻohana i ka pō ma muli o ke kani ʻana o ka hū ʻana? ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kumu o kēia mau mea ma mua o kou manaʻo. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui ma ko mākou ʻāina, akā ʻaʻole i kūkākūkā pinepine ʻia, i kapa ʻia ʻo ' Deviated Septum '.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka septum deviated?

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe aia he ʻelua lumi i loko o kou ihu. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻelua puka ihu. Aia kahi pā e hoʻokaʻawale ana i kēia mau lumi ʻelua. Hana ʻia kēia pā me ke cartilage a me ka iwi. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia pā ʻo ka septum nasal .

ʻO ka maʻamau, pono kēia paia ma waenakonu. A laila hiki i ka ea ke komo like i loko o nā puka ihu ʻelua. Akā i kekahi poʻe, ua huki ʻia kēia paia, a i ʻole septum, i kekahi ʻaoʻao a kūlou paha. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he septum deviated .

ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ma kahi o 80% o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua e loaʻa ana kekahi ʻano o ka ihu paʻa. Akā, ʻaʻole paʻakikī iā lākou a pau ke hanu . ʻO ka poʻe wale nō i ʻike i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole mai kēia paʻa e pono ai ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā kumu nui o ka ihu wai?

Aia paha he ʻelua kumu nui no kēia.

  • Hānau ʻia: Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi septum ihu e puka iki ana i ka wā hānau. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ke kaomi mai ka pēpē e ulu ana i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine a i ʻole i ka wā hānau.
  • Nā ʻeha i ka ihu: ʻO ka mea aʻe, ʻo ia nā ʻeha i ka ihu. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻana i ka wā e pāʻani ana i ka wā kamaliʻi, kahi ulia i ka wā e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki (no ka laʻana, i nā haʻuki e like me ka rugby a i ʻole cricket), kahi hahau ikaika i ka ihu i ka wā o ka hakakā, a i ʻole kahi ulia kaʻa.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona?

ʻO ka hōʻailona nui i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe he nui me ka ihu wai, ʻo ia ka ihu paʻa, ʻoiai inā manaʻo ʻia ua paʻa kekahi ʻaoʻao. E nānā kākou i kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻailona He wehewehe maʻalahi
Paʻa ihu He manaʻo o ka ʻūlū ma kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​puka ihu ʻelua. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻūlū ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻoe i ke anu.
Nā maʻi sinus pinepine Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine nā maʻi sinus ma muli o ke kūpikipikiʻana o ka ihu, kahi e pale ai i nā mea huna mai ka hoʻokahe ponoʻana.
Ka hanu ʻana a me ka hanu nui ʻana i ka wā hiamoe No ka mea he paʻakikī ke hanu ma kou ihu, hoʻowalewale ʻia ʻoe e hanu ma kou waha me ka ʻike ʻole. He kumu nui kēia o ka hāhā ʻana.
Ka kahe pinepine ʻana o ka ihu Hiki i ka maloʻo o ka ʻili o loko o ka ihu ke pohā a hoʻokahe i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi.
ʻEha maka a me ke poʻo Hiki i ke kaomi i loko o ka ihu ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha o ka maka a i ʻole ke poʻo ʻeha.
Makemake e hiamoe ma kekahi ʻaoʻao No ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao i ālai ʻole ʻia, makemake au e huli a hiamoe ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka ihu paʻa a me ka apnea hiamoe

He mea nui loa kēia. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka polyp nasal hiki ke alakaʻi i ka Sleep Apnea , kahi kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hiamoe. Ke kaupalena ʻia ka hanu ʻana o ka ihu, pili pololei ia i ka maikaʻi o ka hiamoe. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi noiʻi he 4.5 mau manawa ka nui o ka poʻe me ka polyp nasal e loaʻa i ka Sleep Apnea.

Pehea e ʻike pololei ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi loea pepeiao, ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī ( loea ENT) . E nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a nānā i kou ihu.

  • Hoʻokolokolo: E hoʻohana ke kauka i kahi kukui kūikawā a me kahi mea hana (nasal speculum) e nānā i loko o kou mau puka ihu. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōmole me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi (endoscope) i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ihu e nānā pono i loko o kou ihu.

He hoʻāʻo liʻiliʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home.

ʻAʻole kēia he pani no kahi hoʻokolokolo lapaʻau, akā hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka.

1. E pani i hoʻokahi puka ihu me kou manamana lima.

2. E hanu hohonu ma o ka puka ihu ʻē aʻe. E nānā i ka maʻalahi a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.

3. I kēia manawa, e hana like ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.

Inā paʻakikī loa ka hanu ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao i ka hana ʻana i kēia, aia paha kahi pale ihu.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā koho lapaʻau i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻoponopono mau ʻana i ke kūlana me ke ʻoki ʻana.

1. Ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻAʻole e hoʻopololei kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ke alahaka ihu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke kāohi i ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke alahaka, e like me ka ihu paʻa a me ka ihu wai.

  • Nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ihu: Loaʻa kēia ma ke ʻano o nā ʻūpā ihu a i ʻole nā ​​papa. Kōkua lākou i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pehu i loko o ka ihu a maʻalahi hoʻi ka hanu ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻohana ʻia no kahi manawa pōkole wale nō.
  • Nā pīpī steroid ihu: Hoʻemi kēia i ka pehu ʻana o ka ihu a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka wai. Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka .
  • Nā Antihistamine: Inā paʻa kou ihu ma muli o nā maʻi allergies, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke hoʻoulu i ka hiamoe.

2. Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka moena ma o ke ʻoki kino

Inā ʻaʻole kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ke hoʻopilikia nei kāu mau hōʻailona i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ke ʻoki kino. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻoki kino ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka ihu, ma kahi o 15 mau makahiki .

  • Septoplasty: ʻO kēia ke ʻoki maʻamau. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hana ke kauka ʻoki i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ihu, wehe i ke cartilage a i ʻole ka iwi keu mai ka septum i deviated, a hoʻopololei i ka septum. He kaʻina hana ʻeha ʻole kēia e lawe pinepine ʻia ana he 1 a 1.5 mau hola.
  • Septorhinoplasty: I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke kūkulu hou ʻana i ke alahaka o ka ihu, pono paha e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o waho, a i ʻole ke ʻano, o ka ihu. Kapa mākou i kēia he "hana nose." Ke hana pū ʻia kēia mau ʻoki ʻelua, kapa mākou ia he Septorhinoplasty.

He mea maʻamau ke manaʻo iki i ka makaʻu ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ke ʻoki kino. Akā, he mau ʻoki kino maʻamau kēia i kēia manawa, a he mau hopena holomua loa ko lākou. He mea maikaʻi loa ka hōʻoluʻolu āu e loaʻa ai i ka hanu ʻana ma hope o ke ʻoki kino. Ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o ke ʻoki kino.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • ʻO ka septum deviated ka ʻaoʻao o ka paia waena o ka ihu (ka septum) i kekahi ʻaoʻao. He kūlana maʻamau loa kēia.
  • ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka ʻeha mau ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ka hanu ʻana i ka wā hiamoe, nā maʻi sinus pinepine, a me nā ʻeha poʻo.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike aku i kahi loea pepeiao, ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī (loea ENT).
  • Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i nā hōʻailona ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma ke ʻano he hopena mau loa, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino (Septoplasty) e hoʻoponopono i ka septum nasal.
  • Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i kou hiamoe a me ke ʻano o ke ola, no laila he mea nui loa e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau kūpono .

Paʻa ihu, Septum i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, Paʻa ihu, Hanu ʻana, Sinus, Septoplasty, loea ENT
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 4 + 5 =