Ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka? ʻAe, aia maoli nō ia mea - e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe inā hiki ke ulu ka maʻi kanesa maka? ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i lohe e pili ana i ia mea. Akā, hiki i ka maʻi kanesa ke ulu maoli i loko o ko kākou mau maka a ma nā wahi a puni lākou. ʻOiai he mea weliweli paha kēia, he mea nui e makaʻala iā ia. No ka mea, inā ʻike mua ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa maka ma ke ʻano maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha maoli ke kanesa o ka maka?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kanesa maka ke ʻano o ka māhele ʻana o nā pūnaewele i loko o ko kākou mau maka me ka wikiwiki, a hana i kahi puʻupuʻu ma kahi hoʻokahi. I kēia manawa, aia ʻelua ʻano o kēia mau puʻupuʻu. ʻO kekahi he mau puʻupuʻu maikaʻi wale nō , ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou he kanesa a ʻaʻole e laha i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kekahi ʻano he mau puʻupuʻu ʻino . He ʻoi aku ka weliweli o kēlā mau mea no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ulu a laha i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā ʻike mua ʻia kēia mau maʻi kanesa maka a mālama ʻia, hiki ke hoʻōki nui ʻia ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa.

He aha nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai maka i loaʻa?

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kauka i nā maʻi ʻaʻai maka ma muli o kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke kanesa—inā paha i loko o ka maka, ma waho o ka maka, a i ʻole ma nā wahi a puni ka maka—a me ke ʻano o nā pūnaewele e hoʻomaka ai ke kanesa. E nānā kākou i nā ʻano nui.

1. Nā Melanomas Intraocular

ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo "Melanoma" i ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. ʻO kēlā "Melanoma" ua hoʻokumu ʻia mai nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo "Melanocytes". ʻO kēia "Intraocular Melanoma" kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e ulu ana i loko o ka maka mai kēlā mau pūnaewele "Melanocytes". ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ulu kēia mau mea ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka papa i kapa ʻia ʻo uvea . No laila, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he uveal melanomas . Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui ma lalo o kēia:

• ʻO Iris Melanoma: Hoʻomohala kēia ma ka ʻāpana o ka maka e hāʻawi ana i ke kala i ka iris . Hiki ke like me kahi kiko ʻeleʻele hou e ulu mālie ana ma ka ʻāpana kala o kou maka. ʻO ka maʻamau, ulu lohi kēia mau mea.
• ʻO Ciliary Body Melanoma: Hoʻomaka kēia i loko o ke kino ciliary , kahi ʻāpana o ka maka e kaohi ana i ka lens o ko kākou maka ke nānā aku kākou i nā mea kokoke iā kākou a me nā mea mamao aku. Aia kēia ma hope o ka iris.
• ʻO Choroidal Melanoma: Hoʻomohala kēia i loko o ka choroid, ka papa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka retina a me ke alo o ka maka ma ke kua o ka maka. Aia i loko o ka choroid ka hapa nui o nā melanomas maka e ulu ai.

I kekahi manawa hiki ke ulu ka melanoma i loko o ka membrane lahilahi e uhi ana i mua o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka conjunctiva . Ua kapa ʻia kēia he conjunctival melanoma.He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia, a e like me ka uveal melanoma, hiki iā lākou ke laha a lilo i mea huhū.

2. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka a me ka Orbital

Hoʻomohala kēia mau maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o nā ʻiʻo kokoke i ka maka. Hoʻomohala nā maʻi ʻaʻai orbital i loko o ka lua maka, kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻiʻo a me nā aʻalolo e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka maka. Hoʻomohala nā maʻi ʻaʻai adnexal i loko o nā ʻiʻo e kākoʻo ana i ka maka, e like me nā lihilihi maka a me nā ʻōpū waimaka. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ke ʻano o ke kelepona mai kahi e ulu ai ke kanesa. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau:

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai cell Squamous: Hoʻomohala ʻia mai nā cell squamous ma luna o ka ʻili.
• ʻO ka Basal Cell Carcinoma: Hoʻomohala ʻia mai nā cell basal ma ka piko o ka ʻili.
• Rhabdomyosarcoma: Hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo.

3. Retinoblastoma

He maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e hoʻomaka ana ma ka retina ma ke kua o ka maka. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia i nā keiki ma lalo o ʻelima mau makahiki.

4. Lymphoma Intraocular

He ʻano lymphoma B-cell kakaikahi loa kēia. Hoʻomohala ia i loko o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo lymphocytes . ʻO ka mea maʻamau ia i nā poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki a me nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali. He nui ka poʻe me kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai maka i loaʻa i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) . He maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e hoʻopilikia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, e like me ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi ʻaʻai maka? He aha ke ʻano maʻamau loa?

He mea laha ʻole loa ka maʻi kanesa maka. No ka laʻana, ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma kahi o 3,400 mau hihia wale nō i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa i ka maka ke hoʻomaka ia ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kēia he mau maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i ka maka, ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kauka iā lākou he maʻi kanesa maka.

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi kanesa maka ʻo ia ka intraocular melanoma , ka mea e ulu pinepine ai ma ka choroid, kahi ʻano ma waenakonu o ka maka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole paha e hōʻike kahi puʻupuʻu i kekahi mau hōʻailona a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻopilikia i ka hana o ka maka. Eia naʻe, mai manaʻo he maʻi ʻaʻai maka kou no ka mea he mau hōʻailona kāu i helu ʻia ma lalo nei. Hiki i nā maʻi maka he nui ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai ke hana i kēia mau hōʻailona. No laila, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka e ʻike pono ai.

ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka, ʻo ia ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike me ka ʻeha ʻole . Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia mau pilikia ʻike ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka:

• ʻIke pōwehiwehi.
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike - hapa a piha paha.
• Ke ʻike ʻana i nā kukui uila, nā laina ʻāwiliwili a i ʻole nā ​​kiko (floaters).

Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe:

• He maka ʻōhū.
• ʻUlaʻula mau a me ka maneʻo o nā maka (ʻUʻula maka ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi).
• He wahi ʻeleʻele i loko o kou iris e lilo ana i mea nui.
• He puʻu e ulu ana ma kou lihilihi a i ʻole i loko o kou ʻaoʻao maka.
• Nā loli i ke kūlana o kou maka i loko o ka lua a pehea e neʻe ai.

He aha paha nā hōʻailona mua?

He nui ka poʻe e ʻike wale ana he maʻi ʻaʻai maka ko lākou ke hele lākou no ka hoʻokolokolo maka, ke ʻike kekahi kauka maka a i ʻole kauka maka i kahi mea ʻē i ka wā e nānā ana i ko lākou mau maka. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kīʻaha koko i hoʻonui ʻia i loko o ka maka, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi kiko ʻeleʻele, he hōʻailona paha ia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka a i ʻole kekahi maʻi maka ʻē aʻe. I mea e ʻike pono ai, pono nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe.

No ke aha e kū mai ai kēia maʻi ʻaʻai maka?

E like me nā maʻi kanesa ʻē aʻe, ulu ka maʻi kanesa maka i ka wā e māhelehele a hoʻonui ʻole ʻia ai nā pūnaewele, a laila e hana ana i kahi puʻupuʻu . Hiki i kēia mau puʻupuʻu ke haki a laha i nā lymph node a me ke koko. A laila hiki i nā pūnaewele kanesa ke hele ma o ke koko a me ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino a hana i nā puʻupuʻu hou. Ke hana ʻia kēia, ʻōlelo nā kauka ua "pālahalaha" a i ʻole metastasized ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua lilo ka maʻi i mea koʻikoʻi.

Ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema pehea e lilo ai nā pūnaewele maʻamau a olakino i mau pūnaewele kanesa.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?

Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi i kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka:

• Makahiki: ʻIke ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai maka i nā poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻokoʻa ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo "Retinoblastoma" e ulu ana i nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki.
• Kala ʻili: Inā he keʻokeʻo ʻoe a he ʻili keʻokeʻo kou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka.
• Kala maka: ʻO ka poʻe me nā maka māmā, e like me ka uliuli a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā cataracts ma mua o ka poʻe me nā maka ʻeleʻele, e like me ka brown.
• Nā kūlana i hoʻoilina ʻia: ʻO ka poʻe me ka dysplastic nevus syndrome , kahi kūlana i hoʻoilina ʻia e hoʻoulu ai i nā moles maʻamau ʻole e hana ma ke kino, aia lākou i ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa maka.ʻO kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa, me ka uveal melanoma.
• Ka ʻike ʻana i ka lā a me ka ʻili ʻili: Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hōʻike ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna UV mai ka lā a i ʻole nā ​​moena ʻili ʻili e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka melanoma intraocular. Pono ka noiʻi hou aku e ʻike pono ai.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ke kanesa o ka maka?

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kanesa maka e ke kauka maka a i ʻole ke kauka ʻoka maka . Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he kanesa ia, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe maʻi maka maʻamau ʻē aʻe.

1. Hoʻokolohua Maka

Ma kēia, e nānā pono ke kauka i kou maka a nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E ʻimi lākou i nā mea e like me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a me nā kīʻaha koko i hoʻonui ʻia. E nānā lākou e ʻike inā e neʻe pono ana ka maka. E hoʻohana lākou i nā mea hana kūikawā e ʻike maopopo i nā ʻano i loko o ka maka.

• ʻOphthalmoscope: He mea hana lima kēia me ke kukui a me kekahi mau aniani. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i nā ʻano ma ke kua o ka maka, e like me ka retina.
• Kukui ʻoki: He mea hana papaʻaina kēia me ke kukui a me kahi ʻōnaehana aniani kūikawā, e like me ka microscope. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i ke alo a me ke kua o kou maka.

2. Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua lawa ka ʻike i loaʻa mai kahi hoʻokolokolo maka a me kēia mau hoʻokolohua kiʻi e ʻike ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi maʻamau:

• Ultrasound: Hoʻohana kēia i nā nalu kani e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o loko o ka maka. Hiki i ka ultrasound ke hōʻike i ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu a me kona wahi. He mea pono loa kēia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka melanoma intraocular.
• ʻO ka Fluorescein Angiography: Ma kēia, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi waihoʻoluʻu kūikawā i loko o kou mau kīʻaha koko. Hoʻomaopopo maopopo ka waihoʻoluʻu i nā kīʻaha koko i ka wā o ke kiʻi ʻana. Ma hope o ka hiki ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu i nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka maka, hoʻohana ʻia kahi kāmela kūikawā e nānā i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka maka.

Inā he kānalua ua laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi hou aʻe. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e ʻike ai inā ua laha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka maka:

• Ultrasound
• X-ray umauma
• Nānā CT
• MRI
• Nānā PET

3. Biopsy

BiopsyI ka wā o kahi biopsy, lawe ke kauka i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupuʻu a nānā iā ia no nā hunaola kanesa. ʻOiai hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kanesa maka me ka hoʻokolokolo maka a me ke kiʻi ʻana, hiki i kahi biopsy ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā loli genetic i loko o nā hunaola kanesa, e like me nā hoʻololi genetic. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻike e hoʻoholo i nā mea e like me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa a inā he moho maikaʻi ʻoe no kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

• ʻO ka Biopsy Hoʻohemo ʻana i ka nila maikaʻi loa: Hoʻohana ʻia kahi nila lahilahi loa e wehe i kahi wai liʻiliʻi mai loko mai o ka maka e nānā ai i nā hunaola kanesa.
• ʻO ka Biopsy Incisional: Wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka puʻupuʻu a nānā ʻia.
• Biopsy Excisional: Wehe ʻia ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa a nānā ʻia.

Pehea e hoʻoholo ʻia ai ke kahua o ka maʻi kanesa?

Kōkua ke kahua e hoʻoholo i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kanesa a me ke kahua o ia. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻike e hoʻolālā i ka mālama ʻana a hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo o ka wānana. ʻElua mau ʻōnaehana kahua i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka maʻi kanesa maka:

1. ʻŌnaehana hoʻonohonoho TNM o ke Komite Hui ʻAmelika no ke Kanesa (AJCC)

Hoʻoholo nā kauka i ke kahua o ka maʻi kanesa ma ka nānā ʻana i kekahi mau kumu:

• T (Tumor): Ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu a inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka maka.
• N (Nodes): Inā ua pālahalaha ka puʻupuʻu i nā lymph nodes ma ka pepeiao a me ka ʻāʻī.
• M (Metastasis): Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe (ʻo ka hapa nui o ke akepaʻa).

Ma ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau mea a pau, hāʻawi ʻia ke kahua o ka maʻi kanesa maka mai I (ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi loa) a i IV (ʻoi loa ke koʻikoʻi).

2. ʻŌnaehana hoʻonohonoho o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka Melanoma Maka (COMS)

ʻO kekahi ʻano hana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, ʻo ia ke hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kahua ma muli o ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nui e hoʻoholo ai i ka lāʻau kūpono loa. Lawe ʻia ke ana ma millimeters (mm).

• Liʻiliʻi: Ma waena o 1 mm a me 2.5 mm ke kiʻekiʻe, ma waena o 5 mm a me 16 mm ka laulā.
• Waena: Ma waena o 2.5 mm a me 10 mm ke kiʻekiʻe, 16 mm a emi mai paha ka laulā.
• Nui: ʻOi aku ma mua o 10 millimeters ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o 16 millimeters ka laulā.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia?

Inā kānalua kāu kauka ua pālahalaha ke kanesa, e kauoha paha lākou i kahi scan kiʻi o ke akepaʻa. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ke kanesa o ka maka e pālahalaha ana ma waho o ka maka e pālahalaha loa aku i ke akepaʻa.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?

I kekahi manawa, inā lohi ka ulu ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole maopopo ʻole ka hōʻailona, ​​​​​​e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka e kali ʻoe i kekahi manawa ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā pilikia o ka hana ʻole ʻana pēlā. No ka laʻana, inā he pilikia o ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike ma kahi e mālama ʻia ana.

1. Hoʻōla Lapaʻau

He lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau kēia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka.

• Brachytherapy: A i ʻole ka radiation therapy kūloko. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia no ka melanoma maka. Ma kēia, kau ke kauka i kahi mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka disc kokoke i ka puʻupuʻu. Hoʻopuka ia i ka radiation a pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa.
• ʻO ka Lapaʻau Radiation Beam Waho (EBRT): Ma kēia, hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation i ka puʻupuʻu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini ʻaʻole e hoʻopā i kou kino. Aia nā ʻano hana e like me ke ʻoki stereotactic . Ma kēia, hāʻawi ʻia nā nui kiʻekiʻe o ka radiation i ka puʻupuʻu i hoʻokahi kau lapaʻau. ʻO ka radiation therapy beam proton kekahi koho ʻē aʻe. He radiation therapy hou kēia. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā nui kiʻekiʻe o ka radiation i ka puʻupuʻu me ka pololei loa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā wahi āpau ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka mālama ʻana i nā lako.

2. ʻOki kino

ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, ʻoiai no nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi kahi i pālahalaha ʻole ai ke kanesa ma ʻō aku o ka maka.

• ʻIridectomy: Pili kēia i ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka iris. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia no nā melanomas liʻiliʻi.
• Iridocyclectomy: Pili kēia i ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka iris a me ke kino ciliary. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia no nā melanomas liʻiliʻi.
• ʻO ka Resection Transscleral: Ua wehe ʻia ka melanoma ma ke choroid a i ʻole ke kino ciliary.
• Enucleation: Hoʻopau loa ʻia ka maka. Hana ʻia kēia ʻoki kino ke loaʻa kahi puʻupuʻu nui a i ʻole ke hiki ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopakele i kou ʻike. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi maka prosthetic i loko o kou maka ʻē aʻe. E kōkua kāu hui lapaʻau iā ʻoe e hoʻokomo pono i ka maka artificial, me ke ʻano like a me ka neʻe ʻana e like me kou maka ponoʻī.
• ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka maka: Wehe ʻia ka maka holoʻokoʻa a me kekahi o nā ʻiʻo a puni ia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kēia ʻoki kino inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻano a puni ka maka. E like me ka enucleation, ukali ʻia kēia e kahi maka hana.

3. Hoʻōla Laser

Hoʻohana nā lāʻau lapaʻau laser i ka wela e hoʻopau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Transpupillary Thermotherapy (TTT).Hoʻohana kēia ʻano hana i ka mālamalama infrared e kuhikuhi i ka puʻupuʻu a luku i nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia a i ʻole ma hope o ka brachytherapy e pale aku i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke kanesa.

4. Hoʻōla lāʻau pale

Hana ka Immunotherapy ma ke kōkua ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike a luku i nā hunaola kanesa. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻohana ʻia kahi lāʻau immunotherapy i kapa ʻia ʻo Tebentafusp e mālama i ka uveal melanoma. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka Immunotherapy i ka wā i pālahalaha ai ke kanesa a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia me ke ʻoki kino.

5. Hoʻōla i kuhikuhi ʻia

Hoʻohana ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi i nā nāwaliwali kikoʻī i loko o nā hunaola kanesa a luku iā lākou. Inā loaʻa i kāu mau hunaola kanesa kahi mutation gene BRAF , hiki iā ʻoe ke kūpono no ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia. ʻOiai ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mutation i ka melanoma ʻili, hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke lilo i mea pono no ka poʻe me ka melanoma maka.

6. Kemoterapi

ʻAʻole maʻamau ka chemotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke paipai i ka chemotherapy inā ʻaʻole pane kāu maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe a inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā wahi ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

Aia nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai. Ma muli o ke kuhikuhi ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maka, aia paha nā loli i kou ʻike. ʻO ka pilikia nui loa ka nalowale hapa a piha paha o ka ʻike. Aia kēia mau pilikia i kekahi mau mea āu e kūkākūkā ai me kāu kauka.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ke kanesa o ka maka?

ʻAʻohe ala e pale loa ai i ka maʻi kanesa maka. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe he kiʻekiʻe kou pilikia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa maka, hiki i nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau ke kōkua i ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi a hoʻonui i kou manawa e hoʻōla ai. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me `(BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome)`, he manaʻo maikaʻi e nānā mau i kou mau maka. Inā loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana `(Retinoblastoma)` a he keiki kāu, he mea naʻauao ke nānā mau i nā maka o kēlā keiki no ka maʻi kanesa.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ke kanesa maka? Pehea ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻia?

ʻO ka hopena o kāu lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole ka wānana, e pili ana i nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu, kona wahi, a me ka mamao o kona laha ʻana. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka brachytherapy ke pepehi a hiki i ka 95% o nā melanoma intraocular liʻiliʻi a waena. ʻAʻole paha ia e ho'ōla loa i ka maʻi kanesa maka. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke kāohi i kona ulu ʻana i loko o ka maka.

E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā manawa kūpono e ho'ōla ai, ma muli o kou ʻano kikoʻī o ka maʻi kanesa maka.

ʻO ka intraocular melanoma, ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka, he maikaʻi loa ka nui o ke ola inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ʻoiai aia i loko o ka maka. Eia nō naʻe, inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka nui o ke ola. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kanesa ma mua o ko lākou laha ʻana.

Nā nīnau koʻikoʻi e nīnau aku i kāu kauka

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me kēia:

• He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka i loaʻa iaʻu?
• I ke kahua hea koʻu maʻi ʻaʻai?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau āu e paipai nei?
• He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• E hiki anei iaʻu ke mālama i koʻu ʻike ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• He aha nā manawa kūpono e ho'ōla loa ʻia ai koʻu maʻi ʻaʻai me ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, he leka koʻikoʻi

Ke ʻike ʻia ʻoe he maʻi ʻaʻai maka, ʻo kona manaʻo e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, me ke ʻano o ke kanesa āu i loaʻa ai, kahi i loko o kou maka, a inā ua laha. No nā ʻano maʻamau o ke kanesa maka, he mea nui ka ʻike mua ʻana no ka mālama pono ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ka hoʻokolokolo maka maʻamau. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hōʻike nā maʻi ʻaʻai maka he nui i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea ʻē i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo maka ka hōʻailona mua o ke kanesa maka. No laila, e hahai i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka maka e pili ana i ka pinepine o kou nānā ʻana i kou mau maka e ʻike i nā pilikia ʻike a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia paha i kou mau maka. Mai hopohopo, e ʻike, a e hana i nā hana e pono ai.

ʻO ke Kanesa Maka, Kanesa Maka, Kanesa Maka, Nā Hōʻailona Kanesa, Lapaʻau Kanesa, Melanoma, Retinoblastoma