Loaʻa pinepine iā mākou ka maʻi me kahi mea e like me ke anu, ke kuni, a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻōpū. I kekahi manawa e maʻi ana ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa i ka manawa hoʻokahi. A i ʻole he nui ka poʻe ma ke keʻena e loaʻa i ka maʻi like. Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe no ke aha e hana ai kēia? ʻO kēia nā mea a mākou e kapa wale nei he mau maʻi lele . Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e nā meaola liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole nā huakini, e komo i loko o ko mākou kino mai waho. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea āpau, ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
E nānā mua kākou, he aha kēia mau maʻi lele?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā maʻi lele nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi pathogen a i ʻole germ e komo ana i ko mākou kino. Nui nā ʻano o kēia mau germs. ʻO nā mea nui a mākou i lohe ai, ʻo ia nā virus, bacteria, fungi, a me nā parasites . He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā maʻi e kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo prions .
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ke kunu a ʻūhā paha kekahi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā germs i ka lewa ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi mai ko lākou waha a me ko lākou ihu. Ke hanu mākou i kēlā ea, komo kēlā mau germs i loko o ko mākou kino. Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia mau germs ke komo i loko o ko mākou kino mai nā holoholona e like me nā makika, mai ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu lepo, a mai nā mea a puni mākou.
ʻO ke anu maʻamau, ka maʻi palū, COVID-19, ka maʻi palū o ka ʻōpū, kekahi mau maʻi i laha ma ke moekolohe (STI), a me ka ringworm he mau laʻana ia o nā maʻi lele.
No laila he aha nā maʻi laha ʻole?
He mea nui hoʻi e ʻike i kēia. ʻAʻole nā maʻi lele ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā germs. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou e nā mea e like me kā mākou mau genes, nā loli kūkulu i ke kino, a i ʻole ka ʻelemakule . ʻAʻole laha kēia mau maʻi mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. ʻAʻole laha lākou mai ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā holoholona. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā mea e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke kanesa, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai congestive.
He aha kēia mau huakino e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi?
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi iā mākou. E nānā maʻalahi kākou i kēlā me kēia. E maʻalahi iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia ʻike inā ʻoe e kau iā ia i loko o kahi papa.
| ʻAno o ka huakini | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Nā maʻi ʻino | Ua like kēia me kahi ʻāpana ʻike genetic (DNA a i ʻole RNA) i loko o kahi pūpū pale liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi virus ke ola hoʻokahi. Komo ia i loko o kahi cell i loko o ko mākou kino, lawe i ka mana o kēlā cell, a hana i nā tausani kope o ia iho. Hoʻokumu nā virus i nā maʻi e like me ke anu, ka maʻi palū (flu), ka dengue, a me COVID-19. |
| Bacteria | He mau meaola liʻiliʻi kēia i hana ʻia me nā ʻāpana hoʻokahi. He miliona mau bacteria i loko a puni ko kākou kino. He maikaʻi ka hapa nui o lākou no kākou. Akā hiki i kekahi mau bacteria maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi inā komo lākou i loko o ko kākou kino. Hoʻokumu nā bacteria i nā mea e like me ka strep throat, ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, a me nā maʻi urinary tract. |
| Nā fungi | Aia pū nā fungi ma ko kākou ʻili a ma ko kākou wahi noho. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole lākou he pilikia. Akā i kekahi manawa, inā ulu nui lākou a hele paha i nā wahi o ke kino kahi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia ai lākou, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi. ʻO nā fungi ke kumu o nā mea e like me ka wāwae o ka mea pāʻani a me ka thrush. |
| Nā Parasites | Noho kēia mau meaola ma ke kino o kekahi meaola ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me nā ilo lipine, nā ilo hookworm, a me ka parasite e hoʻoulu ai i ka malaria. |
| Nā Prion | He ʻano maʻi laha ʻole kēia. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea me nā protein. Hoʻopili hewa ʻia kēia mau protein i nā protein olakino i loko o ko kākou lolo. Hōʻino kēia i ka lolo. He koʻikoʻi loa nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia mau mea, a he laha ʻole loa lākou. |
He aha nā hōʻailona maʻamau o nā maʻi lele?
ʻO nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi lele e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi āu e loaʻa ai. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka maʻi fungal e hoʻopilikia pinepine i kahi wahi kikoʻī wale nō. Nā mea e like me ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka maneʻo ma ka ʻili.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā maʻi viral a me bacteria ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻāpana he nui o ke kino. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau:
- kuni
- Anuanu
- Kuke
- ʻEha kino a me nā ʻeha ʻiʻo
- ʻEha poʻo
- Luhi
- Ihu wai a i ʻole ka ihu paʻa
- Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe (ka maʻi kahe, ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana)
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoiai inā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kuni ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau lā, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka . E pale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī.
Pehea e laha ai kēia mau maʻi?
He mea kēia e pono ai kākou a pau e makaʻala. Hoʻolaha nā maʻi like ʻole ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
- Ke kunu a ʻūhā paha kekahi: Ke kunu kekahi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā miliona o nā germs mai ko lākou ʻōnaehana hanu i ka lewa. Ke hanu kekahi ma kahi kokoke i kēlā ea, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i ka maʻi. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia hana ma nā wahi piha kanaka e like me nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻaahi.
- Hoʻolaha ʻia kekahi mau maʻi ma o ka pilina kokoke: honi ʻana, moe kolohe, a pēlā aku.
- Kaʻana like ʻana i nā lako a me nā kīʻaha: Ke hoʻohana kekahi i nā mea e like me nā kīʻaha, nā pā, a me nā puna i hoʻohana ʻia e kekahi kanaka, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia nā germs ma o ka lawai.
- Ma ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā ʻili: Hiki i nā germs ke noho ma nā ʻili e like me nā ʻūpā puka, nā kelepona, a me nā papa ʻaina no nā hola. Inā hoʻopā mākou i kēlā mau ʻili a laila hoʻopā i ko mākou waha, ihu, a i ʻole nā maka me ka lima hoʻokahi, hiki i nā germs ke komo i loko o ko mākou kino.
- Ma o ka ʻōpala kanaka a holoholona paha: Hoʻolaha ʻia kekahi mau germs ma o ka ʻōpala. Hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia kēia mau mea ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lua lepo a i ʻole ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai me nā lima lepo.
- Ma o ke nahu ʻana i nā holoholona a i ʻole nā mea pepeke: Penei ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi e like me ka dengue mai nā makika, ka fiva ʻiole mai nā ʻiole, a me ka rabies mai nā ʻīlio.
- ʻAi a wai paha i haumia: ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i moʻa pono ʻole ʻia a hoʻomākaukau ʻole ʻia paha ma ke ʻano haumia, a i ʻole ka inu ʻana i ka wai haumia hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi e like me nā maʻi ʻōpū, cholera, a me ka typhoid.
- Mai ka makuahine hāpai a i ke keiki: Hiki ke laha kekahi mau maʻi mai ka makuahine a i ke keiki i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole i ka wā hānau.
- Ma o nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau: Aia kekahi pilikia o ka laha ʻana ma o nā lako hana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻole ʻia a me nā hoʻoili koko i loaʻa i ka maʻi (akā ua haʻahaʻa loa kēia i kēia manawa).
ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi lele?
Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i kahi maʻi lele, akā aia kekahi poʻe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki aʻe.
- ʻO nā kānaka me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali: nā maʻi kanesa, nā poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV, ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi ana i ka pale ʻana.
- Nā makuahine hāpai
- Nā kānaka ma luna o 60 mau makahiki
- Nā kānaka e hana ana ma ka ʻoihana olakino
- Nā keiki ʻōpio ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki: No ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala piha ʻia kā lākou ʻōnaehana pale.
He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o kēia mau maʻi?
He maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi lele a hoʻōla mākou mai ia mau mea me ka ʻole o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
- Dehydration: Ka nalowale ʻana o ka wai mai ke kino ma muli o nā mea e like me ka luaʻi ʻana a me ka maʻi pākī.
- Pneumonia: Ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi i nā māmā.
- Sepsis: He pane nui o ke kino i ka maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
- Nā maʻi lolo a i ʻole ke kaula kuamoʻo: Nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka maʻi lolo (encephalitis) a i ʻole ka maʻi o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo (meningitis).
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?
ʻO ka maʻamau, e hoʻoholo ke kauka i ke ʻano kikoʻī o kou maʻi ma ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona, e nānā iā ʻoe, a, inā pono, e hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua.
- Ke lawe nei i kahi hāpana (swab) mai kou ihu a i ʻole ka puʻu.
- Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā laʻana koko, mimi, ʻōpala, a i ʻole ka lawai.
- I ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻili, e ʻeli ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻili liʻiliʻi a nānā ʻia (biopsy).
- I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia nā X-ray a me nā CT scans e nānā i nā ʻāpana o ke kino i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi lele? (ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa!)
ʻAʻohe ala e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho 100% mai nā maʻi lele. Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā ʻano maʻalahi e hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ko kākou pilikia. Ua like ia me ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau ʻāpana tīhi me nā lua ma luna o kekahi. Uhi ʻia ka lua ma kekahi ʻāpana e kekahi ʻāpana. Pēlā nō, ke hahai pū kākou i kekahi mau ʻano palekana, loaʻa iā kākou kahi pale maikaʻi.
| ʻAno palekana | He aha e hana ai |
|---|---|
| Nā lāʻau pale | No ke keiki, e kiʻi i nā lāʻau pale āpau ma ka Polokalamu Hoʻopili Lahui i ka manawa kūpono. Paipai ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau pale no nā pākeke. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia. |
| Hoʻomākaukau palekana i ka meaʻai | E holoi pono i nā mea kanu maka a me nā huaʻai. E hoʻomoʻa pono i ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa, a me nā hua manu. E mālama i nā mea hana a me nā papa hoʻomākaukau meaʻai maʻemaʻe. I ka wā e ʻai ai i waho, e ʻai mai kahi maʻemaʻe. |
| E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima. | E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka holoi ʻana i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai no 20 kekona ma ka liʻiliʻi. E holoi pono i kou mau lima ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua, ma hope o ka hoʻopā ʻana i kahi holoholona, a ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai waho mai. |
| Ka mahalo i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe | E uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kahi pepa ʻili a i ʻole kou kuʻekuʻe lima i ka wā e ʻū ana a i ʻole e kihe ana. Inā he maʻi lele kou, e noho mamao aku mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia e ʻaʻahu i ka pale maka. |
| ʻAʻohe hoʻololi o nā mea pilikino | Mai kaʻana like i kāu mau kīʻaha, pā, a i ʻole nā kāwele i hoʻohana ʻia me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. |
| Ka palekana mai nā nahu pepeke | E hoʻohana i nā ʻupena makika. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā wahi hānau makika. Inā ʻoe e hele i ka nahele, e ʻaʻahu i nā lole e uhi ana i kou kino. |
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā maʻi lele he mau maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā germs (e like me nā virus a me nā bacteria) e komo ana i loko o ko kākou kino. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke laha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka.
- ʻO ke anu, ka maʻi palū, ka dengue, a me ke COVID-19 kekahi o nā maʻi lele maʻamau i waena o kākou.
- ʻO nā mea maʻalahi e like me ka holoi pinepine ʻana i kou mau lima me ke kopa, ka uhi ʻana i kou waha i ka wā e ʻū ana, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau pale maʻamau e kōkua nui i ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai kēia mau maʻi.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi lele, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi kou kuni a me kou ʻūlū i loko o kekahi mau lā, e ʻike koke i ke kauka . Mai hoʻōla ponoʻī me nā lāʻau antibiotic.
- ʻO kahi hana palekana liʻiliʻi a mākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai hiki ke lilo i ʻupena palekana nui no ko mākou ʻohana, nā hoaaloha, a me ke koena o ke kaiāulu.
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