Nā Maʻi a me nā Kūlana7 Iulai 2026🔄 Updated: 14 Iul. 2026⏱ 13 min

ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka puʻupaʻa

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-07T13:59:10.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

He ʻōkana liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi nā puʻupaʻa i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like lākou me ʻelua kānana nui e kānana ana i nā mea ʻōpala i loko o ko kākou kino. Akā he aha ka mea e hana ai inā pau ka hana ʻana o kēia mau kānana ʻelua, inā lohi a koke paha? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ma ke ʻano lapaʻau he Kidney Failure. He mea nui loa ia no kākou a pau e makaʻala i kēia ʻano. No ka mea, inā ʻike mua kākou iā ia, hiki iā kākou ke kāohi i ka pōʻino hiki ke hana i kahi nui. No laila e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka hana a kēia mau puʻupaʻa?

ʻElua ʻano kino like me ka pīni kou mau puʻupaʻa e like me ka nui o ka poho lima. Aia lākou ma kou kua, ma lalo pono o kou iwi ʻaoʻao. ʻElua mau puʻupaʻa hana o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, akā inā hana maikaʻi kekahi puʻupaʻa, ua lawa ia e ola i ke ola olakino.

He nui nā hana a nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka mea nui loa a koʻikoʻi o lākou, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ko kākou koko . E like me ka kānana wai ma ka home, kānana nā puʻupaʻa i nā ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻawahia i makemake ʻole ʻia mai ko kākou koko a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou mai ke kino ma ke ʻano he mimi .

E noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hiki mai ana inā e haki kēia kānana. ʻO ia ka mea e hiki mai ana ke hana pono ʻole kou mau puʻupaʻa. Hoʻomaka nā mea ʻawahia i loko o kou kino e hōʻiliʻili i loko o kou kino ma kahi o ka hiki ʻole ke puka i waho. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, hoʻomaka ʻoe e maʻi, a inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Akā, mai hopohopo, me ka mālama pono ʻana, hiki i nā poʻe he nui ke kāohi i kēia kūlana a ola i kahi ola maikaʻi.

He aha nā pae ʻelima o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?

Aia kekahi ana kūikawā a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) . He waiwai kēia i loaʻa mai kāu hoʻāʻo koko. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hōʻike kēia waiwai eGFR iā ʻoe i ka maikaʻi o ke kānana ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala. ʻOi aku ka waiwai eGFR o ke kanaka olakino ma luna o 90. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o kēia waiwai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pono o kou mau puʻupaʻa.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ʻelima mau pae nui.

Kahua	ka waiwai eGFR	Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kūlana
Pae I	Ma luna o 90	ʻOiai ua ʻeha iki nā puʻupaʻa, ke hana mau nei lākou ma ke ʻano maʻamau.
Pae II	Ma waena o 60 - 89	ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka pōʻino ma mua o ke kahua mua, akā ke hana maikaʻi nei nā puʻupaʻa.
Pae III	Ma waena o 30 - 59	Hiki ke hōʻemi iki ʻia a nui paha ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Pae IV	Ma waena o 15 - 29	Ua emi nui ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Kahua V	Ma lalo o 15	Ua kokoke nā puʻupaʻa a ua hāʻule loa paha. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona i kēia pae.

ʻO ka mea nui, i nā pae mua, ʻaʻohe paha he mau hōʻailona iki. No laila, inā manaʻo ʻoe ua olakino maikaʻi loa ʻoe, e ulu mālie ana paha ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i loko o kou kino.

He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻaʻohe paha he mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua. Eia nō naʻe, i ka emi ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona:

Manaʻo luhi loa e hana i kekahi mea (luhi): ʻAʻole wale ka luhi maʻamau, akā he manaʻo o ka luhi loa me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o ka hiamoe āu e loaʻa ai.
Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana: Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana me ka nalowale o ka makemake.
Ka huikau a paʻakikī paha i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana: Paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, poina i nā mea.
Pehu (edema): Pehu, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā lima, nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, nā wāwae, a me ke alo. Manaʻo ia e like me kahi lua liʻiliʻi ke kaomi ʻia me ka manamana lima.
Ka loli ʻana o ke alapine o ka mimi ʻana: E hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e mimi nui a emi mai paha ma mua o ka maʻamau. I kekahi manawa e ʻike paha ʻoe i ka mimi huʻa a koko paha.
ʻEhaʻeha nā ʻiʻo: ʻEhaʻeha nā ʻiʻo ma nā wāwae a me nā lima.
ʻIli maloʻo a me ka maneʻo: Ke hoʻopau pono ʻole ʻia nā mea ʻawahia mai nā puʻupaʻa, hiki i ka ʻili ke maloʻo a maneʻo nui ʻole.
Makemake nui: ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e makemake e ʻai, a e ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi ʻono metala (e like me ka hao) i loko o ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai.

ʻAʻole manaʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona he hemahema kou puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, he mea nui e ʻike koke i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo .

He aha nā kumu nui o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?

Hiki ke loaʻa ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa ma nā ʻano nui ʻelua. ʻO kekahi ka Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa (CKD), ka mea e ulu mālie ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa . ʻO kekahi ka ʻeha puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi, ka mea e hiki koke mai ana .

Nā kumu nui o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD)

ʻElua kumu nui e loaʻa ai i nā kānaka he nui ma ko kākou ʻāina nā maʻi puʻupaʻa.

1. Maʻi diabetes: ʻO ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia ke kumu o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko. ʻO kēia kō keu e hōʻino ana i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, e like me ka ʻōpala e ʻai ana i ke kupapaʻu. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hōʻemi kēia pōʻino i ka hiki o nā puʻupaʻa ke kānana i ke koko.

2. Ke Koko Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ke koko ma o nā kīʻaha koko me ka ikaika nui. Ke hoʻomau kēia ikaika nui, ua hōʻino ʻia nā ʻiʻo palupalu o nā puʻupaʻa. He kumu nui nō hoʻi kēia o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau kumu nui ʻelua, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe:

ʻO ka maʻi puʻupaʻa Polycystic (PKD): He maʻi hoʻoilina kēia i hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna. Ma kēia ʻano, hana ʻia nā cysts i piha i ka wai (cysts) i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, hiki ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa i ko lākou ulu ʻana.
Nā maʻi Glomerular: ʻO kēia nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻāpana kānana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Nā maʻi Autoimmune: I nā maʻi e like me lupus, hoʻouka a hōʻino kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i nā puʻupaʻa.

Nā kumu o ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa

Hiki ke hana koke ʻia kēia, ma luna o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole nā lā. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he manawa pōkole kēia ʻano a hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia me ka mālama kūpono.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻeha ʻeha i ka wā lōʻihi.
Ka make wai nui: ʻAʻole lawa ka wai i loko o ke kino.
Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala mimi: Ka ālai ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi ma muli o nā pōhaku mimi a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻole ʻia: Nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole ka maʻi akepaʻa.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?

Inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi puʻupaʻa kou, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.

Nā hoʻāʻo koko: ʻO kēia mau mea ke nānā nui i nā pae o nā huahana ʻōpala e like me ka creatinine a me ka urea i loko o ke koko. Inā ʻaʻole hana pono nā puʻupaʻa, piʻi aʻe ko lākou mau pae i loko o ke koko. Ua helu ʻia hoʻi ka waiwai eGFR mai kēia hoʻāʻo koko.
Nā hoʻāʻo mimi: E nānā ʻia kāu mimi no ka protein a i ʻole ke koko. ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu pinepine nā puʻupaʻa olakino i ka protein. ʻO ka protein i loko o ka mimi he hōʻailona ia ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kānana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi: Hiki i kahi scan ultrasound, CT scan, a i ʻole MRI scan o nā puʻupaʻa ke nānā i ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ke alo o kekahi mau ālai a i ʻole nā pūpū.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?

He maʻi hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, a no ke ola holoʻokoʻa. Akā, mai hopohopo. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o ka hana puʻupaʻa no ka lōʻihi e hiki ai a me ke kāohi ʻana i ka holomua o ka maʻi.

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau ma muli o ke kumu a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

Lapaʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kēia, ma muli o ke kumu o ke kūlana:

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau koko: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā ACE inhibitors a i ʻole ARBs.
Diuretics: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ka wehe ʻana i ka wai keu mai ke kino ma o ka mimi.
Nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kolesterol (Statins): E hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka anemia: Ua emi paha ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i kēia.
ʻO ka Wikamina D a me ka kalipuna: E hoʻoikaika i nā iwi.

Lapaʻau i ka wā e koʻikoʻi ai ka maʻi

Ke hiki ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ke kahua hope loa (Stage V), pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e ola ai. ʻElua mau ʻano lapaʻau nui.

1. Dialysis:

ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini ma kahi o nā puʻupaʻa i hāʻule. ʻElua ʻano dialysis:

Hemodialysis: Ma kēia, hoʻouna ʻia kou koko i kahi mīkini e kānana i nā huahana ʻōpala a hoʻihoʻi i ke koko maʻemaʻe i kou kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e hele i kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke kikowaena dialysis ʻekolu a ʻehā paha lā o ka pule.
ʻO ka Dialysis Peritoneal:Maanei, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu (catheter) i loko o kou lua ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā ma loko. Hoʻopuka kēia wai i nā huahana ʻōpala mai kou koko mai ka lua ʻōpū. A laila lawe ʻia ka wai i loaʻa nā huahana ʻōpala i waho. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka home i kekahi manawa.

2. Hoʻoili ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa:

ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hoʻoili ʻia kahi puʻupaʻa olakino i loko o ke kino e pani i ka puʻupaʻa i hōʻino ʻia. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia puʻupaʻa olakino mai kahi mea hāʻawi i make a i ʻole kahi mea hāʻawi ola. Ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa, pono ke kino e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koena o kona ola e pale aku i ka hōʻole ʻia ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa hou.

Hiki ke pale ʻia a kaohi ʻia nā maʻi puʻupaʻa?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli loa ʻia nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, hiki ke kaohi nui ʻia ka holomua o ka maʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i kahi nohona olakino a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau kūpono.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes , e mālama i kou pae kō koko i loko o ka pae kūpono .
Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou, e kāohi pono iā ia .
E pale loa i ka puhipaka.
E kaupalena i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka paʻakai a me ka potassium. E kūkākūkā me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi meaʻai meaʻai e pili ana i kēia.
Mai hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha (NSAID) me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka.
E mālama i nā hoʻokolohua a me nā manawa a pau i kauoha ʻia e ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole he palapala make ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. Me ka mālama kūpono a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola lōʻihi a hauʻoli. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻO nā puʻupaʻa nā kānana i loko o ko mākou kino e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hana pono kēia kaʻina hana.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe nā kumu nui o nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau maʻi ʻelua, he mea nui e kāohi pono iā lākou.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona i nā wā mua, he mea nui i ka poʻe me nā kumu pilikia (ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka mōʻaukala ʻohana) e hana i nā nānā olakino maʻamau.

E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona e like me ka luhi nui, ka pehu ʻana, a me nā loli i ka mimi. Inā kānalua, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, hiki ke kaohi ʻia a hiki ke ola i kahi ola maikaʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, dialysis, a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ke olakino o kou mau puʻupaʻa ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi meaʻai olakino, hoʻoikaika kino, a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau.

Ka Hāʻule ʻana o ka Pūpū, Maʻi Pūpū, Dialysis, Hoʻoili Pūpū, Maʻi Diabetes, Ke Koko Kiʻekiʻe, eGFR, Creatinine

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Nā Maʻi a me nā Kūlana7 Iulai 2026
ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka puʻupaʻa
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 13 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka hana a kēia mau puʻupaʻa?
2. He aha nā pae ʻelima o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
3. He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
4. He aha nā kumu nui o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
5. Nā kumu nui o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD)
6. Nā kumu o ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa
7. Pehea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
8. He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
9. Lapaʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
10. Lapaʻau i ka wā e koʻikoʻi ai ka maʻi
11. Hiki ke pale ʻia a kaohi ʻia nā maʻi puʻupaʻa?
12. Leka Lawe-Home
He ʻōkana liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi nā puʻupaʻa i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like lākou me ʻelua kānana nui e kānana ana i nā mea ʻōpala i loko o ko kākou kino. Akā he aha ka mea e hana ai inā pau ka hana ʻana o kēia mau kānana ʻelua, inā lohi a koke paha? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ma ke ʻano lapaʻau he Kidney Failure. He mea nui loa ia no kākou a pau e makaʻala i kēia ʻano. No ka mea, inā ʻike mua kākou iā ia, hiki iā kākou ke kāohi i ka pōʻino hiki ke hana i kahi nui. No laila e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka hana a kēia mau puʻupaʻa?
ʻElua ʻano kino like me ka pīni kou mau puʻupaʻa e like me ka nui o ka poho lima. Aia lākou ma kou kua, ma lalo pono o kou iwi ʻaoʻao. ʻElua mau puʻupaʻa hana o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, akā inā hana maikaʻi kekahi puʻupaʻa, ua lawa ia e ola i ke ola olakino.
He nui nā hana a nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka mea nui loa a koʻikoʻi o lākou, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ko kākou koko . E like me ka kānana wai ma ka home, kānana nā puʻupaʻa i nā ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻawahia i makemake ʻole ʻia mai ko kākou koko a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou mai ke kino ma ke ʻano he mimi .
E noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hiki mai ana inā e haki kēia kānana. ʻO ia ka mea e hiki mai ana ke hana pono ʻole kou mau puʻupaʻa. Hoʻomaka nā mea ʻawahia i loko o kou kino e hōʻiliʻili i loko o kou kino ma kahi o ka hiki ʻole ke puka i waho. Ke hana ʻia kēlā, hoʻomaka ʻoe e maʻi, a inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Akā, mai hopohopo, me ka mālama pono ʻana, hiki i nā poʻe he nui ke kāohi i kēia kūlana a ola i kahi ola maikaʻi.
He aha nā pae ʻelima o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Aia kekahi ana kūikawā a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) . He waiwai kēia i loaʻa mai kāu hoʻāʻo koko. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hōʻike kēia waiwai eGFR iā ʻoe i ka maikaʻi o ke kānana ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala. ʻOi aku ka waiwai eGFR o ke kanaka olakino ma luna o 90. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o kēia waiwai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pono o kou mau puʻupaʻa.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ʻelima mau pae nui.
Kahua ka waiwai eGFR Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kūlana
Pae I Ma luna o 90 ʻOiai ua ʻeha iki nā puʻupaʻa, ke hana mau nei lākou ma ke ʻano maʻamau.
Pae II Ma waena o 60 - 89 ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka pōʻino ma mua o ke kahua mua, akā ke hana maikaʻi nei nā puʻupaʻa.
Pae III Ma waena o 30 - 59 Hiki ke hōʻemi iki ʻia a nui paha ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Pae IV Ma waena o 15 - 29 Ua emi nui ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Kahua V Ma lalo o 15 Ua kokoke nā puʻupaʻa a ua hāʻule loa paha. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona i kēia pae.
ʻO ka mea nui, i nā pae mua, ʻaʻohe paha he mau hōʻailona iki. No laila, inā manaʻo ʻoe ua olakino maikaʻi loa ʻoe, e ulu mālie ana paha ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i loko o kou kino.
He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻaʻohe paha he mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua. Eia nō naʻe, i ka emi ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona:
Manaʻo luhi loa e hana i kekahi mea (luhi): ʻAʻole wale ka luhi maʻamau, akā he manaʻo o ka luhi loa me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o ka hiamoe āu e loaʻa ai.
Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana: Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana me ka nalowale o ka makemake.
Ka huikau a paʻakikī paha i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana: Paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, poina i nā mea.
Pehu (edema): Pehu, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā lima, nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, nā wāwae, a me ke alo. Manaʻo ia e like me kahi lua liʻiliʻi ke kaomi ʻia me ka manamana lima.
Ka loli ʻana o ke alapine o ka mimi ʻana: E hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e mimi nui a emi mai paha ma mua o ka maʻamau. I kekahi manawa e ʻike paha ʻoe i ka mimi huʻa a koko paha.
ʻEhaʻeha nā ʻiʻo: ʻEhaʻeha nā ʻiʻo ma nā wāwae a me nā lima.
ʻIli maloʻo a me ka maneʻo: Ke hoʻopau pono ʻole ʻia nā mea ʻawahia mai nā puʻupaʻa, hiki i ka ʻili ke maloʻo a maneʻo nui ʻole.
Makemake nui: ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e makemake e ʻai, a e ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi ʻono metala (e like me ka hao) i loko o ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai.
ʻAʻole manaʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona he hemahema kou puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, he mea nui e ʻike koke i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo .
He aha nā kumu nui o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
Hiki ke loaʻa ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa ma nā ʻano nui ʻelua. ʻO kekahi ka Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa (CKD), ka mea e ulu mālie ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa . ʻO kekahi ka ʻeha puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi, ka mea e hiki koke mai ana .
Nā kumu nui o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD)
ʻElua kumu nui e loaʻa ai i nā kānaka he nui ma ko kākou ʻāina nā maʻi puʻupaʻa.
1. Maʻi diabetes: ʻO ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia ke kumu o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko. ʻO kēia kō keu e hōʻino ana i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, e like me ka ʻōpala e ʻai ana i ke kupapaʻu. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hōʻemi kēia pōʻino i ka hiki o nā puʻupaʻa ke kānana i ke koko.
2. Ke Koko Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ke koko ma o nā kīʻaha koko me ka ikaika nui. Ke hoʻomau kēia ikaika nui, ua hōʻino ʻia nā ʻiʻo palupalu o nā puʻupaʻa. He kumu nui nō hoʻi kēia o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau kumu nui ʻelua, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe:
ʻO ka maʻi puʻupaʻa Polycystic (PKD): He maʻi hoʻoilina kēia i hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna. Ma kēia ʻano, hana ʻia nā cysts i piha i ka wai (cysts) i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, hiki ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa i ko lākou ulu ʻana.
Nā maʻi Glomerular: ʻO kēia nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻāpana kānana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Nā maʻi Autoimmune: I nā maʻi e like me lupus, hoʻouka a hōʻino kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i nā puʻupaʻa.
Nā kumu o ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa
Hiki ke hana koke ʻia kēia, ma luna o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole nā lā. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he manawa pōkole kēia ʻano a hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia me ka mālama kūpono.
ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻeha ʻeha i ka wā lōʻihi.
Ka make wai nui: ʻAʻole lawa ka wai i loko o ke kino.
Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala mimi: Ka ālai ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi ma muli o nā pōhaku mimi a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻole ʻia: Nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole ka maʻi akepaʻa.
Pehea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi puʻupaʻa kou, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.
Nā hoʻāʻo koko: ʻO kēia mau mea ke nānā nui i nā pae o nā huahana ʻōpala e like me ka creatinine a me ka urea i loko o ke koko. Inā ʻaʻole hana pono nā puʻupaʻa, piʻi aʻe ko lākou mau pae i loko o ke koko. Ua helu ʻia hoʻi ka waiwai eGFR mai kēia hoʻāʻo koko.
Nā hoʻāʻo mimi: E nānā ʻia kāu mimi no ka protein a i ʻole ke koko. ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu pinepine nā puʻupaʻa olakino i ka protein. ʻO ka protein i loko o ka mimi he hōʻailona ia ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kānana o nā puʻupaʻa.
Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi: Hiki i kahi scan ultrasound, CT scan, a i ʻole MRI scan o nā puʻupaʻa ke nānā i ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ke alo o kekahi mau ālai a i ʻole nā pūpū.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa?
He maʻi hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, a no ke ola holoʻokoʻa. Akā, mai hopohopo. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o ka hana puʻupaʻa no ka lōʻihi e hiki ai a me ke kāohi ʻana i ka holomua o ka maʻi.
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau ma muli o ke kumu a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.
Lapaʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kēia, ma muli o ke kumu o ke kūlana:
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau koko: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā ACE inhibitors a i ʻole ARBs.
Diuretics: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ka wehe ʻana i ka wai keu mai ke kino ma o ka mimi.
Nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kolesterol (Statins): E hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka anemia: Ua emi paha ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i kēia.
ʻO ka Wikamina D a me ka kalipuna: E hoʻoikaika i nā iwi.
Lapaʻau i ka wā e koʻikoʻi ai ka maʻi
Ke hiki ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ke kahua hope loa (Stage V), pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e ola ai. ʻElua mau ʻano lapaʻau nui.
1. Dialysis:
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini ma kahi o nā puʻupaʻa i hāʻule. ʻElua ʻano dialysis:
Hemodialysis: Ma kēia, hoʻouna ʻia kou koko i kahi mīkini e kānana i nā huahana ʻōpala a hoʻihoʻi i ke koko maʻemaʻe i kou kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e hele i kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke kikowaena dialysis ʻekolu a ʻehā paha lā o ka pule.
ʻO ka Dialysis Peritoneal:Maanei, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu (catheter) i loko o kou lua ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā ma loko. Hoʻopuka kēia wai i nā huahana ʻōpala mai kou koko mai ka lua ʻōpū. A laila lawe ʻia ka wai i loaʻa nā huahana ʻōpala i waho. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka home i kekahi manawa.
2. Hoʻoili ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa:
ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hoʻoili ʻia kahi puʻupaʻa olakino i loko o ke kino e pani i ka puʻupaʻa i hōʻino ʻia. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia puʻupaʻa olakino mai kahi mea hāʻawi i make a i ʻole kahi mea hāʻawi ola. Ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa, pono ke kino e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koena o kona ola e pale aku i ka hōʻole ʻia ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa hou.
Hiki ke pale ʻia a kaohi ʻia nā maʻi puʻupaʻa?
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli loa ʻia nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, hiki ke kaohi nui ʻia ka holomua o ka maʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i kahi nohona olakino a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau kūpono.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes , e mālama i kou pae kō koko i loko o ka pae kūpono .
Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou, e kāohi pono iā ia .
E pale loa i ka puhipaka.
E kaupalena i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka paʻakai a me ka potassium. E kūkākūkā me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi meaʻai meaʻai e pili ana i kēia.
Mai hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha (NSAID) me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka.
E mālama i nā hoʻokolohua a me nā manawa a pau i kauoha ʻia e ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole he palapala make ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. Me ka mālama kūpono a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola lōʻihi a hauʻoli. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
ʻO nā puʻupaʻa nā kānana i loko o ko mākou kino e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hana pono kēia kaʻina hana.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe nā kumu nui o nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau maʻi ʻelua, he mea nui e kāohi pono iā lākou.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona i nā wā mua, he mea nui i ka poʻe me nā kumu pilikia (ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka mōʻaukala ʻohana) e hana i nā nānā olakino maʻamau.
E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona e like me ka luhi nui, ka pehu ʻana, a me nā loli i ka mimi. Inā kānalua, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, hiki ke kaohi ʻia a hiki ke ola i kahi ola maikaʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, dialysis, a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ke olakino o kou mau puʻupaʻa ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi meaʻai olakino, hoʻoikaika kino, a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau.
Ka Hāʻule ʻana o ka Pūpū, Maʻi Pūpū, Dialysis, Hoʻoili Pūpū, Maʻi Diabetes, Ke Koko Kiʻekiʻe, eGFR, Creatinine
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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