He aha ka maʻi ʻaleka?

Ua lohe mākou a pau i ka huaʻōlelo allergy, ʻeā? Akā ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka allergy a me ke kumu o ia mea.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi allergy ka wā e pane nui ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pale , i kahi mea i hōʻeha ʻole iā mākou. E noʻonoʻo e like me nā kiaʻi i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO kā lākou hana ke pale aku iā mākou mai nā ʻenemi e like me nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. Akā, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia ana i loko o kahi maʻi allergy, ʻo ia ka hopohopo iki ʻana o kēia mau kiaʻi a hoʻomaka e hoʻouka i kahi mea ʻaʻole maoli he ʻenemi. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ke pane nui nei ka ʻōnaehana pale a ʻike mākou i nā hōʻailona like ʻole ke loaʻa iā mākou kahi maʻi allergy.

He aha ke kumu o nā allergies? Kāhea mākou i kēia mau mea he allergens.

Ua kapa mākou i kēia mau mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā allergies he allergens . Nui nā allergens a puni mākou. ʻOiai ʻaʻole paha e hopohopo kekahi poʻe iā lākou, no kekahi mea me nā allergies, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i pilikia nui.

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i kēia mau allergens maʻamau:

• Nā mea e komo i loko i kou hanu ʻana:
• Pollen : Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi manawa ke pua nā pua, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea pauka liʻiliʻi i ka lewa mai nā lāʻau. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā he pollen. He nui ka poʻe i maʻi maʻi i kēia pollen.
• Nā ʻuku lepo: He mau mea liʻiliʻi kēia i liʻiliʻi loa e ʻike ʻia. Noho lākou i ka lepo o ko mākou mau home, i loko o nā moena, nā uluna, a me nā moena.
• ʻO ka dandruff holoholona: Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ka maʻi āpau i kēia mau mea i loaʻa mai nā holoholona e like me nā pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio.
• ʻŌpū: ʻO ka ʻōpū e hana ʻia ma nā paia ma nā wahi pulu hiki ke hana i nā maʻi allergies.
• Nā ʻano meaʻai a me nā mea inu:
• Hiki i kekahi mau meaʻai ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi ʻaleka. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka waiū, nā hua manu , nā nati e like me nā pīnati, nā cashews, ka soy, ka palaoa, ka iʻa, ka ʻōpae, a me ka heʻe nā mea nui. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi ʻaleka i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea.
• Nā nahu pepeke:
• Loaʻa pū kekahi poʻe i nā maʻi allergies koʻikoʻi i ka mea make mai nā holoholona, ​​​​e like me nā pi a me nā nalo meli.
• Nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau:
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā antibiotics e like me ka penicillin, hiki ke hana i nā maʻi allergies.
• Nā mea i hoʻopā ʻia:
• ʻO kekahi mau kemika , e like me ka latex (i loaʻa i nā mea e like me nā mīkina lima), a me nā metala e like me ka nickel (i loaʻa i kekahi mau mea hoʻonani), hiki ke hana i nā maʻi allergies ke hoʻopā lākou i ka ʻili.

He aha ka mea e hana ana i loko o ke kino ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi allergy?

I kēia manawa ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe pehea e hana ai kēia hopena ke komo kahi allergen i ke kino.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia: Ke komo kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki (e.g. pollen) i ke kino o ke kanaka me nā maʻi ʻaleka, manaʻo ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale he ʻenemi nui ia. A laila hana ia i kahi ʻano antibody kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo IgE e kūʻē i kēia 'ʻenemi'. Hele kēia mau antibodies IgE a hoʻopili i kahi ʻano cell i loko o ko mākou kino i kapa ʻia ʻo mast cells .

I ka manawa aʻe e hoʻopili ai ka mea hoʻonāukiuki like me ke kino, e hoʻopaʻa ia i nā antibodies IgE ma nā pūnaewele mast. A laila 'pahū' nā pūnaewele mast a hoʻokuʻu i nā kemika he nui e like me ka histamine . ʻO kēlā histamine ke kuleana no nā hōʻailona he nui o kahi maʻi allergy, e like me ka maneʻo, ka ʻulaʻula , ka ihu wai, a me nā maka wai.

ʻŌlelo maʻalahi: allergen -> IgE antibodies -> mast cells -> histamine -> nā hōʻailona allergy

He aha nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi allergy? E nānā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau mea pū kekahi

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaleka mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi lākou ma muli o ke ʻano o ka allergen a pehea i komo ai i loko o ke kino. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau:

• Nā hōʻailona hanu:
• Ka ʻū pinepine ʻana.
• Ihu wai (ʻoiai me ka ʻole o ke anu).
• Paʻa ka ihu.
• ʻŪhū, paʻa ka umauma, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana (he mau hōʻailona hānō kēia)(Hiki nō hoʻi ke pili i ke kūlana).
• ʻĀʻī maneʻo, loli ka leo.
• Kapa pū kekahi poʻe i kēia he Hay Fever a i ʻole Allergic Rhinitis .

• Nā Hōʻailona ʻIli:
• ʻIli ʻānai.
• ʻO ka maneʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili ( Urticaria a i ʻole Hives ).
• ʻIli maloʻo, ʻili, a me ka pehu (hiki ke hana pū kēia me nā kūlana e like me ka eczema ).

• Nā Hōʻailona Maka:
• ʻUlaʻula o nā maka.
• Nā maka ʻāʻī.
• Ke kahe nei nā waimaka mai nā maka mai.
• Ka pehu ʻana, ka ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā maka.

• Nā hōʻailona Gastrointestinal - (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā maʻi allergies meaʻai):
• Ka luaʻi, ka luaʻi.
• ʻEha ka ʻōpū, pehu.
• Ka pehu ʻana (ka maʻi kahe).
• Ka pehu ʻana, ka maneʻo o ka waha, nā lehelehe, ke alelo a i ʻole ka puʻu.

• Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe:
• Pepeiao ʻāʻī, manaʻo o ke kaomi i loko o nā pepeiao.
• ʻEha poʻo.
• Luhi, luhi.

ʻO ka hopena allergies weliweli loa: Anaphylaxis

I kekahi manawa hiki ke koʻikoʻi loa kahi hopena alerika. Kāhea mākou i kēia he anaphylaxis . He pilikia hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia, ʻo ia ka pane koke ʻana o ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka anaphylaxis:

• Ka pehu koke ʻana o ka maka, nā lehelehe, ke alelo, a me ka puʻu.
• Pōkole o ka hanu, ʻūmiʻi o ka umauma.
• Nāwaliwali/niʻoniʻo, me he mea lā e nalowale ana kou ʻike.
• Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻIli anu, hou.
• Ka luaʻi, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻeha o ka naʻau.

He pilikia olakino ka anaphylaxis. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila. Ke aʻo aku nei nā kauka i ka poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi allergies koʻikoʻi e mālama i kahi inikini adrenaline (e like me ka EpiPen) no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ia mau hihia.

Pehea e hiki ai i ke kauka ke ʻike inā he maʻi allergy kou?

Inā kānalua ʻoe he maʻi ʻaleka kou, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka. E nīnau ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​e like me ka wā e kū mai ai, kāu mea e hana ai, a inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino. E nīnau pū lākou inā he maʻi ʻaleka kekahi o kou ʻohana, no ka mea, hiki i nā maʻi ʻaleka ke holo i loko o nā ʻohana.

A laila, hiki ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike pono ai i ke ʻano o ka allergy:

• Hoʻāʻo ʻIli ʻIli: Pili kēia i ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi loa o kahi mea i manaʻo ʻia he allergen i kou ʻili (ʻo kou lima a i ʻole kou kua) a me ke kui ʻana me kahi nila liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻulaʻula kekahi o nā wahi, pehu, a maneʻo paha i loko o 15-20 mau minuke, ua maʻi ʻoe i kēlā allergen. He hoʻāʻo wikiwiki a maʻalahi kēia.
• Hoʻāʻo Koko: I kekahi manawa, no ka poʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kahi hoʻāʻo ʻili (e laʻa, ka poʻe me nā maʻi ʻili koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka poʻe e lawe ana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau), hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko. Hoʻāʻo kēia e ʻike inā loaʻa i kou koko nā antibodies IgE i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua e kūʻē i nā allergens kikoʻī. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he hoʻāʻo RAST (hoʻāʻo Radioallergosorbent), a i ʻole he hoʻāʻo IgE kikoʻī .

Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻokolohua a me kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki i ke kauka ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe inā he maʻi allergy kou, a inā pēlā, he aha ia.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai inā loaʻa iā mākou nā maʻi allergies? Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke kāohi i kēia?

Mai hopohopo inā ʻike ʻoe he maʻi allergy kou. ʻOiai he paʻakikī ke hoʻōla piha i nā maʻi allergy, nui nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole a lākou e hana ai a ola i kahi ola maikaʻi aʻe.

1. Ka pale ʻana i ka mea hoʻopili:

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Inā ʻike pono ʻoe i ka mea āu e maʻi ai, ʻo ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana iā ia i ka hiki.

• Inā he maʻi ʻoe i ka lepo, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou home a holoi pinepine i kou wahi moe i ka wai wela.
• Inā he maʻi ʻoe i ka pollen, e ʻaʻahu i kahi pale maka ke hele ʻoe i waho me ka nui o ka pollen, a e ʻauʻau i kou hoʻi ʻana i ka home.
• Inā he maʻi ʻoe i kahi meaʻai, e pale i ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mea i loaʻa i kēlā meaʻai. E heluhelu pono i ka lepili mea hoʻohui i ke kūʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai ma ka hale kūʻai.

2. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:

Ua kuhikuhi nā kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole e kāohi i nā hōʻailona allergies.

• Nā Antihistamine: ʻO kēia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia no nā maʻi ʻaleka. Hoʻemi lākou i ka maneʻo, ka ihu wai, a me ka ʻūhā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka histamine. Loaʻa lākou ma ke ʻano o nā pila, nā syrup, nā ʻūpā ihu, a me nā kulu maka.
• Nā Corticosteroids:He mau lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika kēia e hōʻemi ana i ka mumū. Loaʻa lākou ma ke ʻano o nā ʻūpā ihu, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe (no ka poʻe maʻi hānō), nā kirīmi topical, a i kekahi manawa nā pila pōkole. Pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka.
• Nā mea hoʻohemo i ka ihu paʻa: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoluʻolu ai i ka ihu paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana mau i kēia mau mea no nā lā he nui.
• Nā mea hoʻololi Leukotriene: ʻO kekahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hānō a me ka maʻi mauʻu.

3. Hoʻōla maʻi:

He lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi kēia. Pili kēia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana me kahi liʻiliʻi loa o ka allergen āu e maʻi ai a hoʻonui mālie i ka nui, ma ke komo ʻana i loko o kou kino ( nā pana allergy ) a i ʻole ma ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he papa ma lalo o kou alelo ( sublingual immunotherapy - SLIT ). I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, maʻa kou kino i ka allergen a emi iki ka pane ʻana. ʻAʻole hana kēia no nā mea āpau, akā he holomua loa ia no kekahi. Pono e hana ʻia kēia ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a kahi loea.

4. Lapaʻau Pilikia:

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, i ka hanana o kahi hopena anaphylactic koʻikoʻi, he mea hoʻopakele ola kahi inikini adrenaline (e like me ka EpiPen). He mea nui loa ia no ka poʻe me nā maʻi allergies koʻikoʻi e mālama i kēia a ʻike pehea e hoʻohana ai.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka? ʻO wai ka mea maʻi allergist?

He mea maikaʻi ke ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona allergies pinepine e hoʻopilikia nei i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā.
• Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o kou maʻi allergie.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka hānō (kuke, hanu ʻana, ʻūmiʻi o ka umauma).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i kahi meaʻai.
• Inā ʻoe e nahu ʻia e kahi pepeke a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena koʻikoʻi.

Hiki i ke kauka lapaʻau ke mālama i nā kūlana allergy maʻamau. Akā i kekahi manawa, inā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka allergy, paʻakikī ke ʻike, a koʻikoʻi paha, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi immunologist . Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia kēia mau kauka e ʻike a mālama i nā allergies. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā mea e like me nā hoʻāʻo ʻili a me ka immunotherapy.

No laila, he aha nā mea e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia mau mea a pau? (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻaleka i kēia manawa, ʻeā? ʻO ka mea hope loa, eia nā mea nui e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo:

• ʻAʻole he mea e makaʻu ai nā maʻi ʻaleka, akā he mea nui e makaʻala. ʻO ka maʻi ʻaleka he pane nui wale nō ia o ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale i kahi mea ʻino ʻole.
• ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ka mea āu e maʻi ai.
• ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ke pale maikaʻi loa. E noho mamao aku mai nā mea maikaʻi ʻole iā ʻoe i nā manawa hiki.
• Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi e kāohi i nā hōʻailona. E hoʻohana iā lākou e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka.
• E makaʻala i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo anaphylaxis. He pilikia ia. I kēlā hihia, e hele koke i ka haukapila. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi allergy koʻikoʻi, e mālama i kahi inikini adrenaline kokoke.
• Hiki ke ola i kahi ola maʻamau a hauʻoli me nā maʻi ʻaleka. Pono wale nō ka mālama pono ʻana iā ia.

Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. Aia lākou ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe.