Ke hoʻopilikia nei kēia bacteria i kou mau māmā? E aʻo pono kākou e pili ana i ka (MAC Lung Disease)!

Ke luhi nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa me ke kumu ʻole, a i ʻole he ʻūlū e mau ana no ka manawa lōʻihi? ʻOiai ʻaʻole mākou e nānā nui i kēlā mau mea liʻiliʻi i ko mākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā, aia paha nā kumu ma hope o lākou e pono ai mākou e hopohopo iki. ʻĀ, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi hui kūikawā o nā bacteria e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ko mākou mau māmā. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo MAC Lung Disease .

He aha ka maʻi māmā MAC?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi māmā MAC kahi maʻi o ko kākou mau māmā i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi hui o nā bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) . Aia mau kēia bacteria a puni mākou, i ka lepo, ka lepo, a me ka wai. ʻOiai ke komo nei kēia mau bacteria i ke kino ke hanu mākou a ale paha i kahi mea, ʻaʻole maʻi ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi poʻe, ʻoiai ka poʻe i loaʻa mua kekahi mau nāwaliwali i ko lākou mau māmā a i ʻole ka poʻe i loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana pale haʻahaʻa, ke komo kēia bacteria MAC i ke ala hanu, hiki ke ulu kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi. Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi i ka hanu ʻana. Inā ʻike ʻia ma hope, hiki ke paʻakikī iki ke mālama. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole kēia maʻi māmā MAC he maʻi hiki ke laha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka.

Pehea ke ʻano o ka bacteria MAC?

He mau lālā nā bacteria MAC o kahi ʻohana nui o nā bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) . Aia ma kahi o 200 mau ʻano o NTM. ʻO nā bacteria MAC ke kuleana no kahi o 80% o nā maʻi NTM i loko o nā māmā ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

E noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole like kēia maʻi NTM me ka maʻi Tuberculosis (TB) a kākou a pau i ʻike ai. He maʻi laha ka maʻi Tuberculosis mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka a hiki ke lilo koke i mea koʻikoʻi. He ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā bacteria e hoʻokumu ai, i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)`.

Nui nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mycobacteria i loko o ka hui MAC, akā like like ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka maʻi.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Aia ma mua o 86,000 poʻe me nā maʻi NTM ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa wale nō. ʻO ka maʻi māmā MAC ka mea maʻamau, e helu ana ma kahi o 80% o nā maʻi NTM. Ke piʻi mau nei ka nui o nā maʻi māmā NTM i nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala iho nei , a ʻōlelo nā loea e hoʻomau kēia ʻano.

He aha nā ʻano maʻi MAC i loaʻa?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi MAC i kekahi mau ʻano nui:

• Nā maʻi MAC Pulmonary: ʻO kēia nā mea e hoʻopilikia pololei i ko mākou mau māmā a me ka ʻōnaehana hanu.
• Nā maʻi MAC i hoʻolaha ʻia: ʻO kēia nā maʻi e laha ana ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma o ke kahe koko. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou i nā poʻe nona nā ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻonāwaliwali nui ʻia e nā maʻi e like me ka AIDS .
• ʻO ka lymphadenitis e pili ana iā MAC:Hoʻopilikia nui kēia i nā keiki olakino. Pehu nā lymph node ma nā wahi e like me ka ʻāʻī.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka maʻi māmā MAC ...

ʻElua mau ʻano nui o ka maʻi māmā MAC a mākou e ʻike nei:

1. Nodular bronchiectasis: ʻO kēia ka wā e ulu ai ka maʻi i loko o nā ala ea liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻeke ea i loko o nā māmā, a ua like lākou me nā nodules liʻiliʻi ma nā māmā i ka nānā ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau nodules ke ulu nui loa. Hoʻoulu kēia maʻi lōʻihi i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchiectasis . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, lilo nā ala ea i hoʻonui mau ʻia, e like me kahi paipu laholio kahiko i kīkoʻo ʻia. Hoʻolilo kēia i mea paʻakikī ke mālama i nā maʻi a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā maʻi hou. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano i nā wahine ʻelemakule, wiwi, ʻaʻole puhi paka. Inā waiho ʻole ʻia, hiki ke ulu nā kūlana e like me ka bronchitis a me ka pneumonia.

2. Maʻi Fibrocavitary: ʻO kēia ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi māmā MAC. Pono e mālama koke ʻia. Inā hana ka maʻi i nā lua (cavities) i loko o ka ʻiʻo māmā, ua hohonu loa ka maʻi a hiki ke paʻakikī ke mālama. ʻO kēia kūlana ka mea maʻamau i nā mea puhi paka a i ʻole ka poʻe me nā kūlana e like me ka emphysema.

Pehea e ulu ai ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Ua kamaʻilio mua mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā bacteria MAC i loko o ka lepo a me ka wai. Ke ʻeli mākou i ka lepo a hoʻoulu i ka lepo, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia bacteria i ka lewa a hiki ke komo i loko o ko mākou kino ke hanu mākou. ʻO ka poʻe e hana ana ma nā mahiʻai a pili pinepine me ka lepo, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā bacteria MAC ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, aia kēia bacteria i loko o ka wai, a hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka wai a mākou e hoʻohana ai ma ka home. ʻAʻole pepehi ka chlorination, nā disinfectants, a i kekahi manawa ʻoiai ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka wai i kēia bacteria. He mea weliweli iki paha kēia, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻeha ʻia ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e kēia bacteria. Ua hōʻike ʻia mākou a pau i nā bacteria NTM i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe kahi maʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi me kekahi mau kumu pilikia, hiki i ka bacteria ke hele i nā māmā a ulu mālie loa, i kekahi manawa no nā makahiki. ʻO kēia maʻi māmā MAC ke kumu o ka mumū haʻahaʻa a me nā loli hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i loko o nā alaloa, a hiki i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai a mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Hiki ke ulu ka maʻi māmā MAC i kēlā me kēia makahiki a me kēlā me kēia kāne, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma luna o 65 mau makahiki a me nā wahine i hala i ka menopause.

Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi māmā MAC inā:

• Inā he mea puhi paka ʻoe.
• Inā nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi māmā e like me kēia:
• (Ka maʻi bronchial)(a me nā kūlana e alakaʻi ai i ka bronchiectasis)
• (Maʻi ʻōpū paʻa mau - COPD )
• (Fibrosis cystic)
• (Emphysema)
• Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻupuʻu (TB) ma mua.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi māmā MAC?

He ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi māmā MAC, a no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka ʻike ʻana. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona palupalu loa a ʻike ʻole ʻia paha. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole pili nā hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana hanu. Inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike:

• ʻO ke kuni mau (me ka ʻole o ka phlegm). E noʻonoʻo i kahi kanaka e like me Nilanthi, ka mea i loaʻa i ka phlegm no nā mahina, a ke puka mālie mai nei ka phlegm, akā manaʻo ʻo ia he anu maʻamau wale nō.
• Ke ʻū ʻana i ke koko (Hemoptysis) .
• Luhi .
• Kuni haʻahaʻa (ma waena o 37.5 a me 37.9 kekelē Celsius - 99.6 F a i 100.3 F).
• E hou ana i ka pō.
• Pōkole o ka hanu .
• Ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia a me ka nalowale o ka makemake.
• ʻEha ka umauma.
• Hopohopo.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi māmā MAC?

E nānā mua kāu kauka iā ʻoe a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi māmā MAC:

• Nā kukuna X-ray o ka umauma a ʻoi aku hoʻi nā scan CT. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā loli i loko o nā māmā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi.
• Nā moʻomeheu sputum. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana o ka phlegm mai kou mau māmā a hoʻāʻo iā ia e ʻike inā ulu ia i ka bacteria MAC. ʻOiai ua hōʻike ʻia mākou a pau i ka bacteria MAC i kēlā me kēia lā, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo i nā manawa he nui i loko o kekahi mau lā e hōʻoia ai e puka mai ana ka bacteria mai kou mau māmā.
• Bronchoscopy. Ua like kēia me ka colonoscopy, akā hana ʻia ma nā māmā (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hana ʻokoʻa a liʻiliʻi). Hana ʻia ia ke hiki ʻole ke hana ʻia kahi hōʻailona me nā hoʻāʻo sputum.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi māmā MAC?

No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi māmā MAC, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi loea maʻi lele a i ʻole kahi loea pulmonary. Loaʻa i kēia mau kauka ʻelua ka ʻike kūikawā i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi.

ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi māmā MAC ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona. Hiki iā lākou ke komo pū me:

• Ke kali makaʻala:ʻO ka poʻe me nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe loli koʻikoʻi i ko lākou mau māmā i nā hoʻokolohua, ʻaʻole paha e pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā antibiotics i ka wā mua. Eia nō naʻe, pono lākou e ʻike pinepine i kā lākou kauka a loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hanu a me ka sputum.
• Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke ala ea: He hui kēia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i nā māmā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mucus (a me nā bacteria i loko) mai nā ala ea maʻi. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka bronchiectasis. Hoʻokomo pū ia i nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau hanu like ʻole i hāʻawi ʻia ma o kahi nebulizer , a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau mea hana e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mucus mai nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o nā māmā.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou ala ea, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā antibiotics . ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hilinaʻi ʻia ma nā kumu he nui a me ke kūkākūkā ʻana me kāu loea. I kekahi manawa hiki i nā bacteria ke kūʻē i nā antibiotics , ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke pepehi ʻia e nā lāʻau lapaʻau. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i kēia pilikia a pepehi loa i nā bacteria, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i ʻekolu ʻano antibiotics like ʻole ma luna o 12 a 18 mau mahina. No ka poʻe i pane ʻole i nā antibiotics ʻē aʻe i loko o ʻeono mahina, ua ʻae koke aku nei ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i kahi antibiotic i hanu ʻia.
• ʻOki kino: He mea kākaʻikahi loa, inā ʻaʻole kōkua nā lāʻau antibiotic, pono paha ke ʻoki kino e wehe i ka ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka maʻi o ka māmā. Ma hope o ke ʻoki kino, pono ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau antibiotic no kahi manawa pōkole e pepehi i nā bacteria i koe.

Pehea mākou e noho ai me ka maʻi māmā MAC? (Hoʻokele)

Hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi māmā MAC:

• E ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i ka mucus mai kou mau ala ea. ʻO kēia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika i kēlā me kēia pule (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā kūpono ʻoe no ka hoʻoponopono pulmonary ), ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i nā ʻano hana umauma a me ka hanu ʻana mai kahi mea lapaʻau hanu, ka ʻū ʻana i kāohi ʻia, ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ke ʻano (nā kūlana e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mucus mai nā māmā), a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka umauma e hoʻokuʻu i ka mucus.
• E kiʻi i ke kōkua e hoʻōki i ka puhipaka , a pale i ka uahi lua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hōʻino ai i kou mau māmā.
• E kiʻi i ka lāʻau pale. E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻi palū, ka niumonia, a me ke COVID-19.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino ma o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai momona. He nui nā kikowaena he mau kauka meaʻai e hiki ke kōkua me nā hemahema meaʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi ho'ōla lohi e like me MAC.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Ke hoʻohana nei i nā antibiotics no ka manawa lōʻihiHiki ke piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka antibiotic. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me ka nausea, ka maʻi diarrhea, a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū. No ka mea, he mau hopena ʻaoʻao kūikawā ko kēlā me kēia antibiotic, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou.

Loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻelemakule ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Clostridium difficile (C. diff) ke lawe lākou i nā antibiotics no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hana ʻia kēia no ka mea pepehi nā antibiotics i nā bacteria maikaʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū e kōkua ana i ka ʻai ʻana. Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi C. diff i ka ʻōnaehana ʻai a hoʻoulu i ka maʻi diarrhea koʻikoʻi a mau loa. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻeha nui o ka MAC e pale aku iā ʻoe mai ka hana ʻana i nā mea āu i hauʻoli ai. ʻO ka hopena, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka hopohopo.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Hiki i kēia mau ʻanuʻu ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka bacteria MAC:

• Inā manaʻo kāu kauka he ʻauʻau wela a sauna paha ke kumu o kāu bacteria MAC, e pale i nā wahi wela, mahu, a me nā wahi kahe wai hou.
• E hoʻā i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoulu ea i loko o ka lumi ʻauʻau a me ka lumi kuke e hoʻohemo i ka mahu.
• E hoʻonohonoho i ka mea hoʻomehana wai wela o kou home i ka liʻiliʻi he 54.4 degere Celsius (130 Fahrenheit).
• E ʻaʻahu i ka pale lepo i ka wā e hana ana i loko o ka māla a i ʻole ka mahi ʻana i ka māla.
• Ma mua o ka hana ʻana me ka lepo potting, e kāpīpī i kahi wai ma luna e hōʻemi i ka lepo.
• E hoʻopili i kahi papa hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe alaea ikaika.

Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka maʻi māmā MAC?

Inā ʻaʻole hōʻike nā hoʻāʻo sputum i ka maʻi no 12 mau mahina, manaʻo nā kauka ua ho'ōla ʻia ka maʻi māmā MAC. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi. Hiki ke kumu kēia ma muli o ka ʻike hou ʻana i ka bacteria a i ʻole ka bacteria i noho i loko o nā māmā, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kūlana i hoʻokumu i ka MAC ma kahi mua (e like me ka nāwaliwali o ka māmā).

E nānā kāu kauka iā ʻoe no ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka pōʻino i kou mau māmā mai ka maʻi māmā MAC. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka pilikia hanu ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. No laila, he mea nui e loaʻa nā pahuhopu a me nā manaʻolana maopopo ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā mea e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka...

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i nā mea e like me:

• Pehea i loaʻa ai iaʻu ka maʻi māmā MAC?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi māmā MAC i loaʻa iaʻu?
• Pono anei au i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa iaʻu?
• He kūpono anei ke ʻoki kino noʻu? He aha nā pilikia o ke ʻoki kino?
• Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iaʻu ke hana ma ka home e maʻalahi ai koʻu hanu ʻana?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i nā maʻi MAC lung i ka wā e hiki mai ana?

He laha anei kēia mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka MAC mai kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa hoʻopilikia ke ʻano i kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana hoʻokahi. Manaʻo nā loea he loli genetic kekahi poʻe e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea maʻalahi i nā maʻi MAC.

Hiki i ka maʻi māmā MAC ke make?

I kekahi poʻe, hiki i ka maʻi māmā MAC ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu a me ka make. Akā hana pinepine kēia i kahi manawa lōʻihi. Ma kahi o 1 i loko o 4 mau kānaka me ka ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali a me ka maʻi māmā MAC ʻano cavitary e make i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki o ka hōʻoia ʻana.

Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ke hōʻemi nui i nā pilikia lōʻihi.

ʻAʻole maʻi ka hapa nui o ka poʻe mai nā bacteria MAC. No ka poʻe e maʻi ana, hiki i ka maʻi māmā MAC ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia hanu koʻikoʻi, i kekahi manawa e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola. Inā ʻoe e ʻūlū i ke koko, a inā he ʻūlū mau kou a luhi loa, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka. ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali a me ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā ʻē aʻe e maʻalahi loa i ka maʻi māmā MAC. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka maʻi māmā MAC me nā antibiotics, akā pono paha ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai ...

ʻO ka maʻi māmā MAC kahi maʻi e pono ai kākou e hopohopo iki. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona, ​​​​e loaʻa kahi hōʻailona pololei, a loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono. Inā pēlā, hiki iā kākou ke ola i kahi ola maʻamau me kēia maʻi. Inā he mau nīnau hou kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu kauka. E noho olakino!

ʻO ka maʻi māmā MAC, ka Mycobacterium avium complex, ka maʻi NTM, nā maʻi māmā, ka ʻū mau, nā maʻi hanu, nā maʻi bacteria