Hele paha ʻoe i ke kauka ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni, ka ʻū, a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe a hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau antibiotic, ʻeā? ʻO kekahi papa kūikawā o kēia mau lāʻau antibiotic i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Macrolides'. Ua hāʻawi ʻia paha iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau me kēia inoa ma mua. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau macrolides, nā maʻi a lākou e hoʻohana ʻia ai e mālama, a me nā mea e pono ai mākou e makaʻala i ka wā e hoʻohana ai iā lākou.
He aha kēia mau macrolides?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he papa antibiotic nā macrolides. ʻO kā lākou hana nui ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā bacteria i komo i loko o ko kākou kino. I mea e pololei ai, hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana o nā bacteria i ʻole lākou e laha a ulu hou aku.
Akā, aia kekahi mea nui loa e pono ai kākou a pau e hoʻomaopopo ma ʻaneʻi. Hana wale nā lāʻau antibiotic Macrolide i nā maʻi bacteria. ʻAʻole lākou e ho'ōla i nā maʻi viral e like me ke anu maʻamau a me ka maʻi flu.
Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke maʻi i nā lāʻau antibiotic ʻē aʻe, e like me ka penicillin. I ia mau hihia, kuhikuhi nā kauka i nā macrolides ma ke ʻano he koho ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā macrolides i hoʻohana nui ʻia?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano macrolides i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia e nā kauka ma Sri Lanka a puni ka honua. Ua kamaʻāina paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau inoa.
| Inoa Lāʻau Lapaʻau | He hoʻolauna pōkole |
|---|---|
| ʻAzithromycin | He ʻano macrolide kēia i lohe ʻia e ka poʻe he nui a hoʻohana nui ʻia. |
| ʻO Clarithromycin | Hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i nā maʻi like ʻole, me nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻōpū ʻōpū. |
| ʻEritromisina | He ʻano macrolide kahiko i hele mai ma ke ʻano o nā papa a me ka kirīmi (gel) i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili. |
| ʻO Fidaxomicin | Hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia ia no ka maʻi C. diff, kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōpū. |
He aha nā pilikia e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā macrolides?
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi bacteria like ʻole. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:
- ʻO ka pneumonia atypical: He ʻano pneumonia kūikawā, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "walking pneumonia."
- Nā maʻi maka bacteria: Nā maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻulaʻula a me nā maka wai.
- Nā maʻi ʻili: No nā kūlana e like me ka ʻākena, i kekahi manawa ua kuhikuhi ʻia kahi gel e loaʻa ana ka Erythromycin e kāohi i ka bacteria ma ka ʻili.
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī strep: ʻOi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe i maʻi i ka penicillin.
- ʻUlu ʻo Whooping/Pertussis: He maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻū nui a mau loa.
- ʻO ka maʻi H. pylori: He bacteria kēia ke kumu nui o nā ʻōpū ʻōpū. Hoʻōla ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me `(Clarithromycin)` i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
- Nā maʻi i laha ma ke moekolohe: No nā maʻi e like me Chlamydia.
- Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe: Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou e mālama i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻōpala pōpoki (Cat scratch fever), diphtheria, a me ka diarrhea o ka poʻe hele.
Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a pehea ka lōʻihi?
Loaʻa nā antibiotics Macrolide i nā ʻano like ʻole.
- Nā pila i ale ʻia
- Nā wai
- Nā gels a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonā i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili
- Nā ʻaila poni
- Nā inikini i hāʻawi ʻia e ke kauka
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mea a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe, ma ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia, a no ka helu o nā lā i kuhikuhi ʻia. ʻOiai inā he lāʻau lapaʻau wai ia, e hoʻohana wale i ka mea ana e hele pū me ia. ʻAʻole e hāʻawi ka ana ʻana me nā tīpune ma ka home iā ʻoe i ka nui pololei.
Inā paha ua ʻoi aku kou maikaʻi, pono ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka helu piha o nā lā i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole paha e ho'ōla loa ʻia ka maʻi, a hiki ke noho kekahi mau bacteria i loko o ke kino, e hoʻihoʻi hou mai ai ka maʻi. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻopau i ka papa hana lāʻau lapaʻau.
Loaʻa iā macrolides nā hopena ʻaoʻao?
E like me nā lāʻau antibiotic āpau, hiki i nā macrolides ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū.
- Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
- ʻEha a ʻeha paha ka ʻōpū
- Ka maʻi pākī
ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻano ma muli o ke ʻano o ka macrolide āu e lawe nei. Na kāu kauka e hoʻomaopopo iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia.
Eia kekahi, hiki i nā macrolides ke launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei. No laila, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, nā huaora, a me nā mea hoʻohui āu e lawe nei. Eia kekahi, e haʻi i kāu kauka inā inu ʻoe i ka waiʻona. I kekahi manawa pono paha ʻoe e pale i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau.
ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i nā hopena alerika. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau ka ʻili ʻulaʻula. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi ʻili koʻikoʻi e like me ka Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Hiki ke loli ka helu o ka puʻuwai (arrhythmias)?
He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia, akā he mea nui e makaʻala. Loaʻa i kekahi mau macrolides kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi loa o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻano puʻuwai maʻamau ʻole (arrhythmias). ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻolōʻihi i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka wā QT. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa no ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai a laila hoʻomaha. Hiki i kēia ke hana i kahi ʻano puʻuwai weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo Torsades de Pointes.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi puʻuwai, e noʻonoʻo ke kauka i kēlā a e kuhikuhi i kahi antibiotic ʻokoʻa inā pono.
Āhea ʻoe e pono ai e ʻike i ke kauka?
He mea nui loa e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma nā kūlana aʻe.
| Manawa kūpono | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| I kēlā kūlana, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. | |
| Nā nīnau e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau | Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka lāʻau a me ka manawa. |
| ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole ma muli o nā hopena ʻaoʻao | Inā paʻakikī loa ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o nā mea e like me ka nausea a me ka luaʻi. |
| ʻAʻohe hōʻemi o nā hōʻailona | Inā ʻaʻole i ho'ōla ʻia kou maʻi ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| Nā hōʻailona alerika | Inā ʻike ʻia kahi mea e like me ka ʻili ʻulaʻula. |
| Ma ia kūlana, e hele koke i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila. | |
| Ka maʻi pākī nui | Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kahe wai i nā manawa he nui i ka lā a inā he mau hōʻailona kou o ka dehydration. |
| ʻAleʻaleʻa koʻikoʻi | Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ka anaphylaxis, e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a me ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, he pilikia nui kēia. |
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā Macrolides kahi ʻano antibiotic i hāʻawi ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi bacteria . ʻAʻole lākou e hana kūʻē i nā maʻi viral e like me ke anu maʻamau.
- E lawe i ka nui piha o ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka, no ka helu piha o nā lā . Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka hapalua.
- E hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa nei (ʻoiai ka maʻi puʻuwai).
- Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kahe nui, nā ʻulaʻula ʻili, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana , e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka maloʻo wai e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana, e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.
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