Ua loaʻa anei ʻoe i kahi ulia koʻikoʻi a i ʻole e hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino nui? Ua kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau ʻeha ikaika loa e kōkua i ka ʻeha hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui ʻia āu e manaʻo nei. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau ʻeha e mālama i nā maʻi ʻeha mau loa e like me ke kanesa. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia papa ikaika o nā lāʻau ʻeha, i kapa ʻia ʻo opioids. ʻOiai hāʻawi lākou i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha kupaianaha, he mea nui iā kākou āpau e makaʻala i kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kālā a me nā pilikia a lākou e hōʻike ai.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau Opioids?
ʻO nā opioids kahi papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka ʻeha waena a koʻikoʻi. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia lākou he "narcotics." Hana ʻia kekahi o kēia mau opioids ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe (no ka laʻana , mai ka lāʻau poppy), aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano synthetic i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua.
Hana kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano ʻē loa. E noʻonoʻo, ke ʻeha ʻoe i kekahi wahi o kou kino, hele kahi leka mai ia wahi ma o nā aʻalolo a i ka lolo e ʻōlelo ana, "He ʻeha kēia." ʻO ka hana a nā opioids, ʻo ia ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā hunaola aʻalolo e lawe ana i kēlā leka, a ke kāohi nei lākou i kēlā leka mai ka hele ʻana i ka lolo. Me he mea lā e ālai ana lākou i ka leka. No laila, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha a hiki i ka hopena o ka lāʻau.
Eia nō naʻe, hana kēia mau lāʻau i kahi mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻoulu lākou i ka ʻōnaehana uku i loko o ko kākou lolo, ʻo ia ke kumu e hiki ai i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka manaʻo o ka hauʻoli nui, ka māmā, a me ka manaʻo o ka lana ʻana (euphoria) ke lawe lākou i kēia mau lāʻau.
ʻO kēia ke kumu he kiʻekiʻe loa ka pilikia o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā opioids. ʻOiai inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau, ʻaʻole e ʻae kou lolo iā ʻoe. Ke noi mau nei ia no kēlā manaʻo hauʻoli. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi i ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino i ka lāʻau.
ʻO kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua maʻa ke kino i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau (hoʻomanawanui). ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole lawa ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha i loaʻa mai ka mahele mua. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻoluʻolu like, pono e hoʻonui mālie ʻia ka mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻonui kēia kūlana i ka pilikia o ka overdose weliweli.
Ma muli o kēia pilikia kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ʻona, inā kuhikuhi ke kauka i kahi opioid nou, e hana pono lākou pēlā. E nānā pono lākou iā ʻoe a e hoʻēmi mālie i ka nui e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona haʻalele.
He aha nā ʻano opioid nui?
Aia ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli ʻano o nā opioids. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu nui ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻia ʻana:
- Kūlohelohe: Hana ʻia kēia mau mea mai nā mea i unuhi ʻia mai nā hua o ka lāʻau poppy. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he Opiates. (Laʻana: Morphine, Codeine).
- Semi-synthetic:Hana ʻia kēia mau mea ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā opioids kūlohelohe i loko o ka hale hana (e.g., heroin, hydrocodone).
- Synthetic: Hana ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua me ka ʻole o nā mea kūlohelohe (e.g. Fentanyl).
Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i kekahi o nā opioid i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia.
| Inoa lāʻau opioid | He hoʻolauna pōkole |
|---|---|
| Codeine | Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia no ka ʻeha iki a kaulike a no ka kaohi ʻana i kekahi ʻano ʻū. |
| Morphine | Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka ʻeha nui, ʻoiai ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana a me ka ʻeha ma ke kanesa. |
| ʻOkikodona | ʻO kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika no ka ʻeha waena a koʻikoʻi. |
| ʻO Fentanyl | He lāʻau lapaʻau ia he 50-100 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka morphine a hāʻawi ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi lapaʻau no ka ʻeha nui loa wale nō. |
| Methadone | Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha a no ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe i hoʻopili ʻia i nā opioids ʻē aʻe (ʻoi aku ka heroin). |
| Heroin | He lāʻau lapaʻau kū ʻole kēia i loaʻa ʻole ma ke kauoha lapaʻau. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke kānāwai. |
I nā kūlana hea e kuhikuhi ai nā kauka i nā opioids?
ʻAʻole e kuhikuhi wale ke kauka i kēlā lāʻau ikaika no ka mea ʻole. Ua kuhikuhi wale ʻia lākou no ka ʻeha nui hiki ʻole ke kāohi ʻia me nā lāʻau ʻeha ʻē aʻe.
- ʻEha koʻikoʻi: ʻEha koʻikoʻi no ka manawa pōkole e kū mai ana ma hope o kahi ulia koʻikoʻi, haki, a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino nui.
- ʻEha e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa: E mālama i ka ʻeha nui a me ka ʻeha lōʻihi i nā poʻe maʻi kanesa.
- ʻEha mau loa: I kekahi mau hihia, no ka ʻeha lōʻihi i hiki ʻole ke kāohi ʻia e nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.
- Mālama palekana: E hōʻemi i ka ʻeha a me ke kaumaha o ka mea maʻi me kahi maʻi hiki ʻole ke ho'ōla ʻia a kōkua iā lākou e noho ʻoluʻolu.
Loaʻa kēia mau opioid i nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me nā papa/capsules, nā wai hoʻoheheʻe waha, nā inikini, a me nā suppositories.
He aha kekahi mau mea āu e pono ʻole ai e hoʻohana me nā opioids?
He mea nui loa kēia. Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā opioids, he mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, me nā huaora a me nā huahana lāʻau. Eia kekahi, e ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i nā mea ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, e like me ka waiʻona. Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau mea ke loaʻa nā hopena weliweli i ka wā e hui pū ʻia me nā opioids.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau mea e hiki ke launa pū me nā opioids.
| Mea hiki ke launa pū | Ka pilikia hiki ke loaʻa |
|---|---|
| ʻAila | Hiki ke hiamoe nui, nalowale ka ʻike, lohi loa a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka hanu ʻana, a hiki i ka make. Mai inu i ka waiʻona me nā opioids. |
| ʻO Benzodiazepines a me nā lāʻau hiamoe | He mea weliweli like kēia me ka waiʻona. Hoʻopilikia ia i ka hanu ʻana a me ka hiamoe nui. |
| Nā mea hoʻomaha ʻiʻo | Hoʻonui i ka hiamoe a me ka poniuniu. |
| ʻO kekahi mau antibiotics a me nā antifungals | Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻonui weliweli i nā pae opioid i loko o ke kino. |
| ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau anti-seizure | Hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hopena hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha o nā opioids a hoʻonui paha i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. |
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā pilikia o nā opioids?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, he mau hopena ʻaoʻao ko nā opioids. He mea liʻiliʻi kekahi, aʻo kekahi he mea weliweli loa.
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka opioid | |
|---|---|
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau | |
| Ka hiamoe a me ka lohi | Lohi ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hana. |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi | He mea maʻamau loa ia i ka wā mua e hoʻomaka ai ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū | He hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau kēia no ka mea e hōʻemi ana i ka hana o ka ʻōpū. |
| ʻO ka poniuniu (vertigo) | Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kaulike o ke kino. |
| Nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e makaʻala ai | |
| Overdose | He pilikia olakino kēia. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka hanu pāpaʻu loa, ka puʻuwai lohi , a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike. Pono e lawe koke ʻia ʻoe i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila. |
| Hilinaʻi kino | ʻO nā hōʻailona haʻalele e like me ka hou ʻana, ka ʻeha kino, a me ka hoʻomaha ʻole e ʻike ʻia ke hoʻōki ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole e hoʻemi ʻia ka nui. |
| Kaumaha hanu | ʻAʻole paha e hiki i nā māmā ke loaʻa ka ea lawa. Hiki ke piʻi aʻe ka nui o ke kalapona ʻokikene i loko o ke koko. |
| Hoʻomanawanui | Me ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, pono kahi mahele nui aʻe e hoʻokō ai i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha like. |
Inā kānalua ʻoe ua ʻai hewa kekahi, ʻoiai he keiki liʻiliʻi, i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, he pilikia ia. E kelepona i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Mea ʻawahia Lahui ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻōlelo aʻo ʻoiai ʻoe e lawe koke ana iā lākou i ka haukapila.
He aha ka hopena inā ʻoe e lawe i nā Opioids i ka wā lōʻihi?
ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i nā opioids hiki ke hana i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe he nui.
- Paʻa mau
- ʻŌnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali
- Kaumaha
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai
- Loaʻa ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻohui a me ka overdose
- Ka hana moekolohe a me ka emi ʻana o ka makemake
- Nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hiamoe
- ʻO ka hyperalgesia i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka opioid: He mea ʻano ʻē kēia. Ke lawe ʻoe i ka lāʻau ʻeha, piʻi ka ʻike ʻeha o ke kino ma muli o ka lāʻau. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoiai ka ʻeha iki e hoʻomaka ana e ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
He papa lāʻau ikaika a pono loa nā opioids, akā pono e hoʻohana wale ʻia ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a ke kauka, ma ke ʻano i kauoha ʻia, a no ka manawa i kauoha ʻia.Inā manaʻo ʻoe e lilo ana ʻoe i mea hoʻopilikia i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole e hoʻopilikia ana ia i kou ola, mai hilahila a makaʻu paha. E kamaʻilio koke me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Aia nā ala e loaʻa ai ke kōkua.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā opioids kahi ʻano lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha ikaika loa i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka ʻeha nui wale nō.
- He kiʻekiʻe loa ka pilikia o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana i kēia mau mea. No laila, mai hoʻohana ʻoi aku ma mua o ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka a i ʻole no ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia.
- Mai hāʻawi i kāu mau opioid i kuhikuhi ʻia i kekahi no kekahi kumu. Hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
- Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā opioids, e ʻoiaʻiʻo me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a pau, ka waiʻona, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe āu e hoʻohana ai.
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hilinaʻi a ʻona paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, mai hilahila a kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a e ʻimi i ke kōkua.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ka overdose, e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka hiamoe nui, a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka ʻike, e manaʻo he pilikia ia a lawe koke i ka mea maʻi i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila.
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