Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe i ka poniuniu ke hāʻawi mai ke kauka iā ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana pepa a ʻōlelo mai, "Eia kāu hōʻike?" He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo makaʻu iki ke hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o kekahi o nā huaʻōlelo ma luna. He mea ia i nā poʻe he nui. No laila, mai makaʻu. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi hōʻike lapaʻau koʻikoʻi loa āu e loaʻa ai i kahi manawa e like me kēia, he "Hōʻike Pathology". E aʻo pū kākou pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai ma ke ʻano maʻalahi.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Hōʻike Pathology?
He mea maʻalahi loa ia. E noʻonoʻo e lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o kou kino (no ka laʻana, kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma kou ʻili, kahi hāpana koko, a i ʻole kekahi wai kino ʻē aʻe) no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "Biopsy".
Nānā kekahi loea i ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i lawe ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Kāhea mākou i kēia loea he pathologist. Ua like ʻo ia me kahi mākaʻi. Nānā pono ʻo ia i nā cell i loko o kēlā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a aʻo i nā mea he nui, e like me ko lākou ʻano, ka nui, a pehea lākou i hui pū ʻia ai.
A laila, kākau ʻo ia i kahi wehewehe ʻana o nā mea āpau āna i ʻike ai. ʻO kēlā wehewehe ʻana ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "Hōʻike Pathology." ʻO ia hoʻi, he hōʻike kikoʻī kēia i kākau ʻia e ke kauka loea e pili ana i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o kahi hāpana i lawe ʻia mai kou kino .
ʻŌlelo nui kēia hōʻike i kēia mau mea:
- Pehea i lawe ʻia ai a hoʻomākaukau ʻia ai ka hāpana? - ʻO ia hoʻi, ua lawe ʻia ma ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole ma ke kaomi ʻana i ka nila, ua mālama ʻia i loko o kahi mea e like me ka "formalin", a ua hoʻoluʻu ʻia nā ʻāpana i mea e maʻalahi ai ke ʻike?
- Pehea ke ʻano o nā pūnaewele a me nā ʻiʻo ma lalo o kahi microscope? - He maʻamau anei nā pūnaewele, a he nui loa paha lākou a ua loli paha ke ʻano?
- Ehia mau pūnaewele, nā protein, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe? - ʻOi aku ka nui o ka helu a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau?
- Aia kekahi mau germs? - Inā paha he mau germs mai waho mai ka hāpana, e like me ka bacteria, nā virus, a i ʻole nā haʻi.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka huaʻōlelo 'Pathology'?
ʻO ka pathology ke aʻo ʻana i nā maʻi, ko lākou mau kumu, a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i ko mākou kino. Inā lawe ʻia kahi hāpana o ka wai a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo mai kou kino no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, hoʻouna ʻia ia i kahi Pathology Lab. Nānā nā loea ma laila e ʻike inā he kumu maʻi ia.
Kōkua mai ka `(Pathology)` iā mākou me nā mea e like me:
- E ʻike i nā maʻi a me nā kūlana olakino, e nānā iā lākou , a ʻike mua i kekahi mau maʻi (screening).
- E hoʻoholo i ke koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu.
- E kiʻi i kahi manaʻo no ke ala e hiki mai ana o ka maʻi (prognosis).
- E loiloi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi. No ka laʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka genetic e nānā i nā hoʻololi gene e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi kanesa.
He aha nā manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe kahi Hōʻike Pathology?
Manaʻo pinepine mākou i kahi "hōʻike pathology" ma ke ʻano he mea e hiki mai ana ma hope o kahi "biopsy" e nānā i ka maʻi kanesa. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa iā mākou kēia mau hōʻike ma nā kūlana he nui ma mua o kēlā. Hana ʻia kēia hōʻike i kēlā me kēia manawa e lawe ʻia ai kahi hāpana mai ke kino a hoʻāʻo ʻia e ʻike i kekahi kūlana, ʻaʻole wale ka maʻi kanesa.
Eia kekahi mau laʻana:
| Inoa o ka hoʻāʻo/kaʻina hana | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Biopsy | Ke lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke kino no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana (e.g., he puʻupuʻu ʻili, he puʻupuʻu ma ka umauma). |
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko | E nānā i nā ʻāpana a me nā kemika i loko o ke koko. |
| Kolonoskopi | No ka nānā ʻana i nā hāpana ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi (polyps) i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kāmela i loko o ka kolona. |
| Endoscopy (Endoscopy / EGD) | E nānā i nā hāpana ʻiʻo i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me ka esophagus. |
| Ua wehe ʻia nā ʻāpana e ke ʻoki kino | Eia kekahi laʻana, e nānā i ka gallbladder, uterus, ʻāpana o ka umauma (lumpectomy) a i ʻole ka umauma holoʻokoʻa (mastectomy) ma hope o ko lākou wehe ʻia ʻana. |
| Nā hoʻāʻo wai kino | No ka nānā ʻana i nā germs a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka mimi, ka ʻōpala, ka sputum, a pēlā aku. |
ʻO ia hoʻi, inā hoʻouna ʻia kekahi ʻāpana o kou kino no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, hana ʻia kahi "Pathology Report" no ia.
He aha nā ʻāpana nui o kahi Hōʻike Pathology? E nānā kākou!
ʻAe, e nānā kākou i nā ʻāpana o kēia hōʻike i heluhelu ʻia ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē. ʻAʻole pono nā hōʻike āpau e loaʻa kēia mau ʻāpana āpau. Akā, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻāpana maʻamau.
| ʻĀpana o ka hōʻike | ʻO ke ʻano maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Kaʻina Hana | ʻO ke ʻano i lawe ʻia ai kēia hāpana mai kou kino. (e.g. 'Excision Biopsy', 'Colonoscopy me Polypectomy'). |
| Ka Wehewehena Huina | He wehewehe ʻana pehea e hiki ai i ka loea ke ʻike maopopo i ka hāpana me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ka microscope. Ua kākau ʻia nā mea e like me kona kala, ke kaumaha, a me ka nui ma aneʻi. |
| Wehewehena Mikroskopika | ʻO kēia ka puʻuwai o ka hōʻike. Hōʻike ia i ke ʻano o nā cell ma lalo o kahi microscope . Hoʻoholo kēia ʻāpana inā he maʻamau, ʻano ʻē, a i ʻole he mau cell kanesa nā cell. |
| Nā palena | Inā ua wehe ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu kanesa, ʻo ia ka ʻiʻo olakino e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻupuʻu. Nā Kaʻe 'Mālamalama' a i ʻole 'ʻAʻole'ʻO nā palena 'maikaʻi' ke ʻano o ka wehe loa ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu a ʻaʻohe mau hunaola kanesa ma nā palena. ʻO nā palena 'maikaʻi' ke ʻano o ia mea aia nō paha nā hunaola kanesa ma nā palena, no laila pono paha ka mālama hou ʻana. |
| Kahua a me ka Papa | He mea nui loa kēia i nā hōʻike maʻi kanesa. ʻO ke kahua ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i loko o ke kino. ʻO ke kūlana ka ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o nā hunaola kanesa mai nā hunaola olakino. |
| Nā Pūnaehana Lymph | Hoʻāʻo ʻia nā swabs e ʻike inā ua laha ke kanesa. ʻO ke ʻano o ka 'Positive' he mau cell cancer i loko o nā swabs. ʻO ke ʻano o ka 'Negative' ʻaʻohe cell cancer. |
| Nā Hualoaʻa Molekala | Nā hoʻokolohua e nānā ana i nā loli genetic kikoʻī (mutations) i loko o kekahi mau cell cancer. Hiki i kēia mau hopena ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī. |
| ʻIkepili | ʻO kēia ka hopena hope loa . ʻO ka ʻāpana kahi e haʻi aku ai ke kauka loea i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ma muli o kēia ʻike āpau. (Laʻana: 'Chronic gastritis', 'Invasive Ductal Carcinoma'). |
| Nā Manaʻo | I kekahi manawa, hāʻawi paha ke kauka loea i kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka mea e hana ai ma hope (e laʻa me 'Follow-up colonoscopy in 3 years'). |
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka hōʻike?
Hiki ke hala kekahi mau lā a i hoʻokahi pule a ʻoi aku paha e loaʻa ai kahi "Hōʻike Pathology". ʻO kēia no ka mea he manawa iki ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana i ka hāpana, nānā iā ia, a kākau i ka hōʻike. I kekahi manawa, inā pono nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā hou aʻe, hiki ke lōʻihi iki.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hoʻi mai ai nā hopena.Akā, mai makaʻu ʻoe ua lōʻihi ia ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole i nā manawa a pau.
Ua ʻike mākou i ka paʻakikī o ke kali ʻana i kahi hopena e like me kēia. I loko o ia manawa, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻohuli i kou manaʻo i kahi mea ʻē aʻe. E hana i kahi mea āu e hauʻoli ai, e kamaʻilio me kou ʻohana a me kou mau hoaaloha. Mai lawe wale i ke kaumaha ma kou manaʻo.
He aha ka mea e hana ai inā he mea ʻē i loko o ka hōʻike?
Inā loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻē a i ʻole i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike, e wehewehe kāu kauka i ka mea e hana ai ma hope, ma muli o ka mea a ka loea i ʻike ai a me kāu mau koho lapaʻau.
ʻO ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi "Hōʻike Pathology" ua like ia me ka nānā ʻana i ka palapala ʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale āu i hele ʻole ai. He mea ʻē nā huaʻōlelo, a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi e alakaʻi ai nā alanui. Akā, ʻo kāu kauka ka mea ʻike pehea e heluhelu ai i kēlā palapala ʻāina. E hoʻohana ʻo ia i kēlā palapala ʻāina e hoʻomaopopo i kāu hōʻailona a hoʻolālā i ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu.
No laila, e nīnau i kāu kauka a hiki i kou ʻike piha ʻana i nā hopena o kāu hōʻike a pehea lākou e pili ai iā ʻoe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolālā pū i kou wā e hiki mai ana.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka "Hōʻike Pathology" he haʻawina hohonu ia o nā ʻāpana o kou kino. Mai makaʻu i nā huaʻōlelo paʻakikī.
- Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻomaopopo i kēlā me kēia huaʻōlelo i loko o ka hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻāpana 'Diagnosis' a me ka wehewehe ʻana a kāu kauka.
- He manaʻo maikaʻi ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi ʻatikala e like me kēia a hoʻonaʻauao iā ʻoe iho ma mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka. Akā , mai hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo ma muli o ka ʻike ma ka pūnaewele.
- Mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka. ʻAʻohe hewa o ka nīnau ʻana, "Hiki iā ʻoe ke wehewehe hou i kēia i hiki iaʻu ke hoʻomaopopo?" E nīnau a maopopo loa iā ʻoe.
- ʻAʻole kēia hōʻike he mea e hoʻomakaʻu ai iā ʻoe. He mea hana koʻikoʻi loa ia e kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono.
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