Ke pilikia nei ʻoe me kou mau māmā? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka niumonia.

Ke ʻeha nei hoʻi ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka ʻū pinepine, a me ke kuni i kēia mau lā? I kekahi manawa manaʻo mākou he anu wale nō kēia a he kuni iki paha, akā hiki ke lilo i mea ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka niumonia e hoʻopilikia ana i ko mākou mau māmā. Mai hopohopo, inā ua hoʻomaopopo pono ʻia mākou e pili ana i kēia, hiki iā mākou ke pale iā mākou iho i kahi nui a hoʻōla koke inā hiki mai ia.

He aha ka niumonia? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi ka niumonia i kou mau māmā . Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia maʻi e nā bacteria , nā virus , a i ʻole, he mea kākaʻikahi loa , nā fungi . Hoʻoulu kēia maʻi i ka pehu ʻana o kou mau māmā, a i ʻole e mumū . I kekahi manawa hiki i nā māmā ke piha i ka wai a i ʻole ka pus.

ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka niumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria ma mua o ka niumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā virus. Hoʻopau pinepine ka niumonia viral iā ia iho. Hiki i ka niumonia ke hoʻopilikia i hoʻokahi wale nō māmā, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā māmā ʻelua. Ke hoʻopilikia ia i nā māmā ʻelua, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he niumonia bilateral a pālua paha .

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka maʻi pneumonia viral a me ka maʻi bacterial?

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pili nā maʻi pneumonia āpau i ka maʻi a me ka pehu ʻana o nā māmā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa iki paha nā hōʻailona ma muli o ke ʻano o ka germ (bacteria, virus, a fungus paha) nāna i hoʻokumu.

ʻO ka niumonia bacteria ka ʻano maʻamau o ka niumonia, a hiki ke koʻikoʻi loa. Pono paha e mālama ʻia i ka haukapila. Hoʻōla nā kauka iā ia me nā antibiotics .

Hoʻike pinepine ka maʻi niumonia viral me nā hōʻailona e like me ke anu. Hoʻōla pinepine ia me ka ʻole o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka niumonia?

Hoʻokaʻawale mākou i ka niumonia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ai (ʻo ia hoʻi he virus, bacteria a fungus paha) a ma ke ʻano o kou loaʻa ʻana. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe mai ke kaiāulu, ma ka haukapila, a i ʻole ma ka ventilator.

1. Ka niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu (CAP)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia ma kahi kaiāulu, e like me ka home a ma ka hana paha, ma mua o ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi mālama ola kino, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu (CAP) . Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e:

• Bacteria: ʻO ke kumu maʻamau he bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Streptococcus pneumoniae . Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā maʻi pepeiao, nā maʻi sinus, a me ka meningitis.ʻO ka maʻi niumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae ʻaʻole ia he ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria e like me Haemophilus influenzae , Chlamydia pneumoniae , a me Legionella (ʻo ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia ua kapa ʻia ʻo Legionnaires' disease).
• Nā maʻi: ʻO nā maʻi e like me ke anu maʻamau, ka maʻi palū , COVID-19, a me ka maʻi respiratory syncytial (RSV) hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka niumonia i kekahi manawa.
• Nā Fungi/ʻūlū: ʻAʻole pinepine nā fungi e like me Cryptococcus , Pneumocystis jirovecii , a me Coccidioides e hoʻoulu i ka niumonia. ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali e loaʻa pinepine i ka pilikia nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka niumonia ma muli o nā fungi.
• Protozoa: ʻAʻole pinepine loa, hiki i nā protozoa e like me Toxoplasma ke hana i ka maʻi niumonia.

2. Ka niumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila (HAP)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia i kou wā ma ka haukapila no kekahi maʻi a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino ʻana, ua kapa ʻia ia he niumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila (HAP) . ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka niumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu. ʻO kēia no ka mea ua hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e nā bacteria i kūʻē i nā antibiotics. No ka laʻana , ʻo ka methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) . ʻO ke ʻano kēia hiki i ka HAP ke hoʻomaʻi iā ʻoe a paʻakikī hoʻi e mālama.

3. Ka niumonia pili i ka mālama ola (HCAP)

Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano niumonia i nā hale mālama lōʻihi, e like me nā hale mālama, a i ʻole ma nā keʻena lapaʻau ma waho kahi e loaʻa ai i nā maʻi ka mālama lōʻihi. E like me ka niumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila, hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e nā bacteria i kūʻē i nā antibiotics.

4. Ka niumonia e pili ana i ka mīkini hanu (VAP)

Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi mīkini hanu e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu i loko o ka haukapila (pinepine i loko o ka ʻāpana mālama koʻikoʻi (ICU), aia ʻoe i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia ʻano pneumonia i kapa ʻia ʻo VAP . Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu, a me nā bacteria kūʻē i ka antibiotic e hoʻoulu ai i ka pneumonia i loaʻa i ka haukapila.

5. Ka niumonia hanu

Inā komo kekahi mea e like me ka meaʻai, nā wai, ka lawai, a i ʻole ka luaʻi i loko o kou ʻōpū a i loko o kou mau māmā, ʻo ia hoʻi, inā paʻa ia i loko o kou puʻu (ka hanu ʻana) , a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i waho, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi māmā. ʻO kēia no ka meaHe aha ka niumonia aspiration?

Pehea e ʻike ai inā he niumonia koʻu, he anu maʻamau, a i ʻole ka maʻi palū?

Hiki ke paʻakikī ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke anu, ka maʻi palū, a me ka niumonia. ʻO ke kauka wale nō ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe i kāu mea i loaʻa. Hiki i ka niumonia ke lilo i maʻi hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, no laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi :

• Ka ʻūmiʻi a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma.
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• He kuni o 38.88 kekelē Celsius (102 kekelē Fahrenheit) a ʻoi aku paha.
• Ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka huʻa melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a koko paha .

E hoʻomanaʻo, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia?

Aia ʻoe i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia inā :

• Inā ʻoe ma luna o 65 mau makahiki a i ʻole ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi māmā (e.g., cystic fibrosis , hānō , maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa ( COPD), emphysema , pulmonary fibrosis , sarcoidosis ) a i ʻole maʻi puʻuwai.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi neurological e pilikia ai ka ale ʻana (e like me ka dementia , ka maʻi Parkinson , ka hahau ʻana ). ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kēia poʻe i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia aspiration .
• Inā ʻoe i loko o ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi mālama lōʻihi.
• Inā he mea puhi paka ʻoe.
• Inā hāpai ʻoe.
• Inā nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale (no ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e loaʻa ana i ka chemotherapy , ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻoili kino, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi HIV/AIDS , a i ʻole ke lawe nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale).

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka niumonia?

Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i ka maʻi niumonia. He maʻi maʻamau loa ia. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa wale nō, miliona mau kānaka e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi niumonia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A, ma kahi o 55,000 mau kānaka e make ana i ka maʻi niumonia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ka maʻi niumonia ke kumu nui o ka make ma nā ʻāina e ulu ana.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka niumonia?

ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka niumonia ma muli o ke kumu. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke ʻano like ʻole mai ka maʻalahi a i ka koʻikoʻi. Hiki i nā pēpē, nā keiki ʻōpio, a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona like ʻole.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia bacterial

Hiki ke hele mālie a koke paha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia bacteria.

• Ke kuni nui (a hiki i 40.55 kekelē Celsius a i ʻole 105 kekelē Fahrenheit).
• Ke ʻū ʻana me ka huʻa melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ʻole ke koko .
• Luhi.
• Ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana.
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai.
• Ke hou nei a i ʻole ke anu nei.
• ʻEha ka umauma a me/a i ʻole ka ʻōpū, ʻoiai i ka wā e ʻū ai a i ʻole e hanu hohonu ana.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• ʻO ke kala polū o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​​​kui lima (Cyanosis) .
• Ka huikau a i ʻole ka loli ʻana o ke kūlana noʻonoʻo.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia viral

ʻO ka maʻamau, ulu mālie nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia viral i kekahi mau lā. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me nā maʻi pneumonia bacterial, a i ʻole loaʻa paha iā ʻoe:

• ʻŪhū maloʻo.
• ʻEha poʻo .
• ʻEha ʻiʻo.
• Ka luhi nui a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia i nā keiki ʻōpio

ʻAʻole paha e hōʻike nā pēpē a me nā keiki hānau hou i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi niumonia, a i ʻole he ʻokoʻa paha ko lākou mau hōʻailona mai ko nā pākeke. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Kuni, anu, ʻeha nui ka ʻili, ka hou/ʻulaʻula.
• Kuke.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka hanu wikiwiki (Tachypnea) .
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Ka luaʻi ʻana.
• Ka nele o ka ikehu.
• Ka hoʻomaha ʻole a i ʻole ka uē pinepine ʻana.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea e like me kēia i nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi:

• He leo ʻūhū a hanu ʻana paha i ka wā e hanu ana.
• Ka emi ʻana o ka mimi ʻana a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o nā diapers pulu.
• ʻIli keʻokeʻo.
• Kino ola ʻole.
• Uē nui aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka inu ʻana i ka waiū.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia i nā kānaka ma luna o 65 mau makahiki

ʻO ka poʻe ma luna o 65 a i ʻole ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali e loaʻa paha nā hōʻailona ʻoluʻolu a emi iki paha o ka maʻi pneumonia (e like me ke kuni a me ka hanu pōkole). Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā kūlana olakino e kū nei. Hiki i ka poʻe ʻelemakule ke ʻike i:

• Ka loli koke ʻana o ke kūlana noʻonoʻo.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Luhi.

He aha nā kumu o ka maʻi niumonia?

Hiki mai ka niumonia ke hakakā kou ʻōnaehana pale i kahi maʻi i komo i loko o nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi (alveoli) i loko o kou mau māmā. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka pehu ʻana o kou mau māmā a hoʻomaka e hoʻokahe i ka wai.

Hiki i nā ʻano bacteria, virus, a me nā fungi ke hoʻoulu i ka niumonia. ʻO nā bacteria ke kumu maʻamau o ka niumonia i nā pākeke, a ʻo nā virus ke kumu maʻamau o ka niumonia i nā keiki kula. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka niumonia:

• Anu maʻamau (Rhinovirus) .
• Covid-19 (SARS-COV-2) .
• Flu (maʻi influenza) .
• ʻO ka maʻi metapneumovirus kanaka (HMPV) .
• ʻO ka maʻi parainfluenza kanaka (HPIV) .
• ʻO ka maʻi Legionnaires .
• ʻO ka bacteria o ka maʻi pneumonia mycoplasma .
• Maʻi pneumococcal(Maʻi pneumococcal) .
• ʻO ka maʻi niumonia pneumocystis .
• ʻO ka maʻi syncytial hanu (RSV) .

He maʻi laha anei ka niumonia?

ʻAʻole laha maoli ka niumonia. Eia nō naʻe, he laha nā bacteria a me nā virus e hoʻoulu ai . No ka laʻana, he laha ka maʻi palū, a hiki i kēlā maʻi palū ke hoʻoulu i ka niumonia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​mea a pau i loaʻa i ka maʻi palū e loaʻa i ka niumonia.

ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka niumonia , ʻo Streptococcus pneumoniae , hiki ke laha mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka ma ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā ʻili i loaʻa i ka maʻi a i ʻole ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā e ʻū ai a kihe paha ka mea maʻi.

ʻAʻole laha ka maʻi niumonia fungal. ʻAʻole e like me nā maʻi fungal, nā virus, a me nā bacteria, ʻaʻole ia e laha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi niumonia?

No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi niumonia, e nīnau ke kauka e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. E hoʻolohe ʻo ia i kou mau māmā me kahi stethoscope . Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia a kauoha ʻia paha nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e like me ka X-ray umauma , ka nānā ʻana i kāu mau pae oxygen me ka pulse oximetry (kahi ana o ka pae oxygen koko) , nā hoʻokolohua koko, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻokolohua sputum .

I kekahi manawa, inā paha e hōʻoia kāu kauka ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia, ʻaʻole paha lākou e hiki ke loaʻa i ke kumu pololei.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka maʻi pneumonia?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e nānā i kou mau māmā no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā, a nānā i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai kino ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai i ke kumu o kāu pneumonia, e like me:

• Kiʻi: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi X-ray umauma a i ʻole CT scan e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o kou mau māmā a nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i nā hoʻāʻo koko ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i kāu pneumonia.
• Hoʻāʻo sputum: E noi ʻia ʻoe e ʻū a hoʻokomo i kahi sputum i loko o kahi pahu. E hoʻouna ʻia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo ʻia no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a e hoʻoholo i ke kumu.
• ʻO ka pulse oximetry: Ke ana kēia hoʻāʻo i ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o kou koko a hiki ke hāʻawi i kāu kauka i kahi manaʻo no ka hana maikaʻi o kou mau māmā.
• Moʻomeheu wai Pleural: Hoʻohana kāu kauka i kahi nila lahilahi e lawe i kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka wai a puni kou mau māmā. Hoʻouna ʻia ka hāpana i kahi lab e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi.
• Hoʻāʻo kinoea koko arterial: No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā, lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko mai kou pulima lima, lima, a ʻūhā paha a ana ʻia ka pae oxygen i loko o kou koko.
• Bronchoscopy: I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a mālamalama i kapa ʻia he bronchoscope e nānā i loko o kou mau māmā. Hiki iā ia ke lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo a wai paha e hoʻāʻo ai ma kahi lab.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi niumonia?

ʻO ka lāʻau no ka niumonia e pili ana i ke kumu (bacterial, viral, a fungal paha) a me ke koʻikoʻi o kou kūlana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia ke kumu, kālele ka lāʻau i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana i kou kūlana mai ka ʻino ʻana.

Hiki i kekahi mau koho lapaʻau ke komo pū me:

• Nā lāʻau antibiotic: Hoʻōla ʻia ka niumonia bacteria me nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻAʻole lākou e mālama i kahi maʻi, akā hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā lākou inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi bacteria me kahi maʻi.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antifungal: Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi fungal me nā lāʻau antifungal.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiviral: ʻAʻole mālama pinepine ʻia ka niumonia viral me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a hiki ke nalowale iā ia iho. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lōʻihi a me ke koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi ma muli o kahi virus, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau antiviral e like me Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) , Zanamivir (Relenza®) , a i ʻole Peramivir (Rapivab®) .
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau oxygen: Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa ana i ka oxygen lawa, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka oxygen hou aʻe ma o kahi ʻōmole i kau ʻia i loko o kou ihu a i ʻole kahi pale maka i kau ʻia ma kou alo.
• Nā wai intravenous (nā wai IV): Hoʻohana ʻia nā wai i hāʻawi pololei ʻia i loko o kahi aa (IV) e pale aku i ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai a i ʻole e mālama i ka maloʻo ʻana inā loaʻa ia.
• Ka wehe ʻana i ka wai: Inā ua hōʻiliʻili ka nui o ka wai ma waena o kou mau māmā a me ka paia o ka umauma ( pleural effusion ), hiki paha i kāu kauka ke wehe. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me kahi catheter a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino.

E nalowale ana anei ka maʻi niumonia iā ia iho?

Hoʻopau pinepine ka maʻi niumonia viral iā ia iho. Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e hahai mau i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka e mālama i kāu mau hōʻailona a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Pehea e hoʻokele ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia?

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ke kauka a me nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu a mālama i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia:

• Nā lāʻau hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha a me nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kuni: Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ibuprofen (Advil®) a me ka acetaminophen (Tylenol®) no ka ʻeha kino a me ke kuni.
• Nā mea hoʻopau i ke kuni:E nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻū no ka maʻi niumonia. He mea nui ka ʻū no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou mau māmā.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau hanu a me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa: Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe i ka mucus a kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu.
• Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi humidifier: Manaʻo paha kāu kauka e mālama i kahi humidifier liʻiliʻi kokoke i kou wahi moe a i ʻole e ʻauʻau a ʻauʻau paha i ka mahu. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻana.
• E inu i ka wai nui.

ʻEhia ka manawa e ʻoi aku ai koʻu maikaʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi pneumonia?

ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou manaʻo maikaʻi e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• kou mau makahiki.
• Ke kumu o kou niumonia.
• Ke koʻikoʻi o kou niumonia.
• Inā he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe kāu a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia.

Inā he kanaka olakino ʻoe me ka ʻole o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pneumonia bacteria e hoʻomaka pinepine e hoʻomaikaʻi i loko o 24 a 48 mau hola o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau. No ka maʻi pneumonia viral, e hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau. ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e like me ke kuni a me ka luhi, hiki ke mau no kekahi mau pule.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o koʻu hoʻolaha ʻana inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi niumonia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia bacteria, ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo ʻia he maʻi lele ma hope o ka emi ʻana o kou kuni a ua lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ʻelua mau lā ma ka liʻiliʻi. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia viral, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻoe he maʻi lele a hiki i kou ʻoluʻolu a ʻaʻohe kuni no kekahi mau lā.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi pneumonia?

Inā he kanaka olakino ʻoe me ka ʻole o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla koke mai ka maʻi niumonia inā loaʻa koke ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, ʻoiai inā he mau maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe kou, hiki i ka maʻi niumonia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

ʻOiai nā kānaka i mālama pono ʻia a hoʻōla piha ʻia hiki i kekahi manawa ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino lōʻihi. Ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻana mai ka maʻi pneumonia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike:

• Ka emi ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika kino.
• Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular.
• ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ke ola ma ke ʻano laulā.

ʻO nā keiki i ho'ōla ʻia mai ka maʻi niumonia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi māmā mau loa.

Inā hoʻomau ʻoe i nā pilikia olakino ma hope o ka ho'ōla ʻana mai ka maʻi pneumonia, e ʻike i kāu kauka.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka maʻi pneumonia?

Hiki i ka niumonia ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e pono ai ke hoʻokipa ʻia i ka haukapila, e like me:

• Nā pilikia hanu: Hiki i ka maʻi niumonia ke hoʻoulu i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu a i ʻole ka acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) .
• Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai a puni nā māmā (pleural effusion).
• ʻO ka maʻi bacteria o ke koko (Bacteremia) , a i ʻole sepsis:Hiki i nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi pneumonia ke komo i loko o kou koko, e hoʻolaha ana i ka maʻi i nā kino ʻē aʻe a e hana ai i ka sepsis (e like me ka lāʻau make koko) a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kino.
• ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka māmā: Hiki i ka maʻi niumonia ke hana i nā lua piha i ka pus (abscesses) i loko o kou mau māmā.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai ʻoe e komo i ka haukapila no ka maʻi pneumonia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi niumonia koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia, pono paha ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui o kou pilikia e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka haukapila no ka maʻi niumonia inā :

• He mea maikaʻi inā ʻoe ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 65.
• Inā nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.
• Inā he mau maʻi olakino kou e hoʻopilikia ai i kou puʻuwai a me kou mau māmā.

Inā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻoe i ka haukapila no ka maʻi niumonia, hiki ke hala ma kahi o ʻeono a ʻewalu pule e hoʻi ai i ka maʻamau.

Pehea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi niumonia?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi niumonia, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale kūʻē i ka bacteria a me nā virus e hoʻoulu pinepine ai. Aia kekahi mau hana olakino i kēlā me kēia lā hiki iā ʻoe ke hahai e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi niumonia.

Nā lāʻau pale no ka maʻi niumonia

ʻElua ʻano lāʻau pale e pale aku ai i ka maʻi pneumonia i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria pneumococcal. E like me ka lāʻau pale maʻi flu, ʻaʻole pale kēia mau lāʻau pale i nā ʻano maʻi pneumonia āpau. Akā inā maʻi ʻoe, ʻaʻole ia e koʻikoʻi loa.

• Nā lāʻau pale pneumococcal: Mālama ʻo Pneumovax23® lāua ʻo Prevnar13® i nā bacteria pneumonia. Paipai ʻia lākou no kekahi mau hui makahiki a i ʻole ka poʻe i pilikia nui no ka pneumonia. E nīnau i kāu kauka i ka lāʻau pale kūpono iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu poʻe aloha.
• Nā lāʻau pale no nā maʻi: ʻOiai hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi pneumonia, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale no COVID-19 a me ka maʻi flu hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia.
• Nā lāʻau pale no nā kamaliʻi: Inā he mau keiki kāu, e nīnau i kā lākou kauka i nā lāʻau pale ʻē aʻe e pono ai lākou e loaʻa. Kōkua kekahi mau lāʻau pale no nā kamaliʻi i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria a me nā virus e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi pneumonia.

ʻO nā ala ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi pneumonia

Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia ma o ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau ʻano olakino:

• E hoʻōki i ka puhipaka a pale i ka uahi lua. Hoʻopōʻino ka puhipaka i kou mau māmā a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā maʻi.
• E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma mua o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua. Inā ʻaʻohe kopa, e hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima i loaʻa ka waiʻona.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi maʻi lele e like me ke kuni, ke anu, a i ʻole COVID-19, e pale i ka launa pū ʻana me lākou a me ka kaʻana like ʻana i nā mea.
• Inā pono ʻoe e noho i loko o ka haukapila a i ʻole kahi keʻena mālama ola ʻē aʻe, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu mau kauka pehea e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi i kou wā e noho ai.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino maikaʻi, e hoʻoikaika kino, a e hoʻomaha pono.
• E kiʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana olakino āu e loaʻa nei. Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke hoʻonāwaliwali i kou ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi pneumonia.
• E pale i ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai e ʻoluʻolu ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi niumonia?

Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e ʻoluʻolu ai i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe ka maʻi pneumonia:

• E mālama i kāu mau hōʻailona e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
• E hoʻopau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka e kuhikuhi ai. Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ka mea ua maikaʻi kou manaʻo. E hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou a hiki i kou pau ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻopau i nā lāʻau antibiotic a pau, e hoʻi hou mai paha kou maʻi pneumonia.
• Inā ua kuhikuhi kāu kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kuni ma ke kūʻai ʻole ʻia (aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen), e lawe iā lākou e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana ma ka lepili. Mai hāʻawi i ka aspirin i nā keiki.
• E hoʻomaha maikaʻi.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona i kēlā me kēia manawa, e kāhea koke i kāu kauka .

He aha nā hōʻailona e hoʻomaikaʻi ana ka maʻi niumonia?

I kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻōla mai ka maʻi pneumonia, ʻo kou kuni ka mea mua e hoʻi i ka maʻamau. Ma hope o kēlā, e ʻike paha ʻoe e emi ana ka nui o ka mucus āu e ʻū ai. ʻO ka manaʻo e hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi o kāu mau hana maʻamau he hōʻailona maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia e hoʻomaikaʻi ana ʻoe.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi niumonia, āhea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻi i ka hana, ke kula, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana maʻamau?

Inā ua hala kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​​​ua maʻalahi a hoʻomaikaʻi paha, a ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona hou a ʻoi aku ka ʻino, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i kāu mau hana maʻamau:

• Ka pōkole o ka hanu a i ʻole ka luhi (nele i ka ikaika).
• ʻEha ka umauma.
• ʻO ka phlegm, ke kuni, a i ʻole ke kuʻi.

Inā olakino maikaʻi ʻoe, ua lawa ka manaʻo o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hoʻi i kā lākou hana ma mua i loko o hoʻokahi pule. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hala a hiki i hoʻokahi mahina e hoʻōla piha ai.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka , ʻoiai inā ua maʻi mua ʻoe, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi olakino, a i ʻole he mau hōʻailona hou a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino:

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• Ke kuni a i ʻole ke kuʻi me ka phlegm.
• Luhi.
• Ka loli ʻana o ka makemake e ʻai (inā manaʻo ʻoe ua emi kou makemake e ʻai).

Āhea wau e hele ai i ka lumi pilikia?

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i 911 inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka pōkole o ka hanu ʻoiai ʻoe e kū mālie ana, ua maikaʻi kēlā.
• Inā he ʻeha hou kou a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma e ʻoi aku ka ʻino.
• ʻAʻohe pilikia inā huikau ʻoe a ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi niumonia me ka ʻole o ke kuni?

ʻAe, ʻoiai he hōʻailona maʻamau ka wela o ka niumonia, hiki ke loaʻa ka niumonia me ka wela haʻahaʻa a i ʻole me ka ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia, no kekahi kumu :

• Inā ʻoe ma luna o 65 a i ʻole ma lalo o 2 (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pēpē hānau hou a me nā pēpē).
• Inā nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.

He ʻokoʻa anei ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi niumonia i nā keiki?

ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka maʻi niumonia i nā keiki ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā keiki ʻōpio i ka maʻi nui ʻana me ka maʻi niumonia a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana ma mua o nā pākeke.

Me nā kumu he nui a me nā hōʻailona like ʻole, hiki i ka maʻi niumonia ke ʻano huikau iki. He mea maʻamau ka hopohopo ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe inā hōʻike kāu mau hōʻailona i kahi mea koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke kuni nui, ka phlegm koko a i ʻole ke kala ʻē, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana he mau hōʻailona ia ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻowahāwahā. Mai kānalua e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā e haʻi mai ana kou kino iā ʻoe ua hewa kekahi mea.

E hoʻomanaʻo kākou i nā mea nui loa (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, e hoʻomanaʻo hou kākou iā ʻoe i nā mea nui a mākou i kūkākūkā ai e pili ana i ka niumonia:

• He maʻi ʻo ka niumonia i nā māmā. Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā bacteria, nā virus, a i ʻole, i kakaʻikahi, nā fungi.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuni, ka maʻi ʻōpū, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma, mai manaʻo wale he anu ia a hele i ke kauka.
• ʻOi aku ka hopohopo o nā keiki ʻōpio, ka poʻe ʻelemakule, ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali, a me ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā/puʻuwai ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi niumonia.
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau pale, e like me ka lāʻau pale pneumococcal a me ka lāʻau pale maʻi flū, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi niumonia.
• ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka, ka holoi maikaʻi ʻana i nā lima, a me ke ola ʻana i kahi nohona olakino e kōkua pū i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi niumonia.
• E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka i kuhikuhi ai me ka pololei, i ka manawa kūpono. Inā he mau lāʻau antibiotic, e hoʻopau i ka papa holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai inā ua maikaʻi kou manaʻo.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ʻoe ka mea ʻike maikaʻi loa i kou olakino. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē a ʻano ʻē paha, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Mai hopohopo, hiki ke ho'ōla pinepine ʻia ka maʻi niumonia me ka mālama koke ʻana!

ʻO ka niumonia, ka maʻi māmā, ke kuni, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, nā hōʻailona o ka niumonia, ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka niumonia