Ka maʻi ʻōpū: E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana

He nui o kākou e ʻike pinepine i nā pilikia e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka indigestion, a me ka gastritis, ʻeā? Hoʻāʻo pinepine mākou e hana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau home no ia mea, a i ʻole e lawe i kahi pila liʻiliʻi e kāohi i ka ʻeha. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kekahi manawa ʻo kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​a mākou e manaʻo nei he liʻiliʻi, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka maʻi ʻōpū. Mai hopohopo, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​pilikia ʻōpū āpau he maʻi ʻōpū. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui loa ia iā mākou e makaʻala i kēia. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻōpū, a i ʻole 'Gastric Cancer'.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū?

ʻO ke kanesa ʻōpū ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā pūnaewele i loko o ko kākou ʻōpū, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻōpū, e ulu me ke kaohi ʻole. E like me ka nāhelehele, māhele koke kēia mau pūnaewele kanesa a laha, e luku ana i nā pūnaewele olakino.

Hiki i kēia maʻi kanesa ke ulu ma nā wahi āpau o ka ʻōpū. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma kahi e hele ai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka esophagus, kahi e pili ai i ka ʻōpū. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia ʻano ma ka papa o loko o ka paia o ka ʻōpū. Ulu mālie loa ia i ka wā mua. Akā inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia mau hunaola kanesa ke ulu pū e hana i kahi puʻupuʻu , ulu hohonu ma waena o ka paia o ka ʻōpū, a laha (metastasize) i nā ʻōpū kokoke e like me ke akepaʻa a me ka pancreas.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?

ʻOiai hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻōpū, aia kekahi poʻe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki aʻe.

• No nā kānaka ma luna o 65: I ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loli ʻana o nā pūnaewele o ko kākou kino.
• No nā kāne: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
• Kekahi mau hui lāhui: ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi ma kekahi mau wahi o ka honua, e like me ʻEulopa Hikina. Hiki paha kēia ma muli o kā lākou ʻano ʻai a me nā mana hoʻoilina.

Pono kākou e hopohopo e pili ana i kēia maʻi ma nā ʻāina e like me Sri Lanka. ʻO ke kanesa ʻōpū kekahi o nā ʻano kanesa maʻamau ma ka honua.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi? Pehea e ʻike ai?

ʻO ka pilikia nui ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole hōʻike pinepine ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua . I kekahi manawa, ua holomua paha ke kanesa i ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona. No laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua piha ʻoe ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, a i ʻole he ʻeha wela kou ʻōpū. Kāhea mākou i kēia "gastritis." Akā inā hoʻomau kēia mau mea, a inā e emi kou kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole , mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. ʻO ia nā hōʻailona mua ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻōpū.

E aʻo hou aʻe kākou e pili ana i kēia mau hōʻailona ma ka papa ma lalo nei.

No ke aha e ulu ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū? He aha nā kumu pilikia?

Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻōpū ke loaʻa kahi loli genetic i loko o ka DNA o nā hunaola ʻōpū. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hele hewa nā kuhikuhi e haʻi ana i nā hunaola "i ka wā e māhele ai a i ka wā e make ai". A laila māhele ʻole kēlā mau hunaola a lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa ke kumu kikoʻī o kēia loli genetic, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.

• *Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)* Maʻi bacteria: He kumu nui kēia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū. Noho kēia bacteria i loko o ko kākou ʻōpū a hiki ke hōʻino i ka paia o ka ʻōpū i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e hana ana i ka gastritis, nā ʻōpū ʻōpū, a ma hope ka maʻi kanesa.
• ʻO Gastritis a me ka maʻi reflux gastroesophageal (GERD): ʻO ka gastritis lōʻihi a me nā kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū e reflux i loko o ka esophagus hiki ke hoʻololi i nā pūnaewele o ka paia o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻAi maikaʻi ʻole: ʻO ka poʻe e ʻai mau ana i nā meaʻai paʻakai, ʻaila, puhi paka, a me nā meaʻai i kāpīpī ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi e hoʻonui pū i ka pilikia.
• Puhi paka a me ka waiʻona: Hele pololei nā kemika i loko o ka paka i ka ʻōpū a hōʻino i nā ʻāpana. Pēlā nō hoʻi no ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• Moʻolelo ʻohana: Inā ua loaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana (makuahine, makuakāne, kaikaina) i ka maʻi ʻōpū, aia paha ʻoe i ka pilikia.
• Momona: ʻO nā loli hormonal a me nā kūlana mumū i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka momona o ke kino keu e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.
• Kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina: ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi hoʻoilina kakaikahi loa e like me *Lynch syndrome* a me *Li-Fraumeni syndrome* ua nui aʻe ko lākou pilikia i ka maʻi ʻōpū.
• ʻAno koko: Ua ʻike ʻia he kiʻekiʻe iki ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ke ʻano koko A i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu o kēia.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka maʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e nānā kāu kauka iā ʻoe a kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kēia mau hoʻokolohua inā pono.

• Endoscopy (Endoscopy Luna):ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi a pololei loa no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū. Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu lahilahi a palupalu me kahi kāmela i hoʻopili ʻia ma o ka waha a nānā ʻia ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, a me ka hapa mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Inā he wahi kānalua, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea hana liʻiliʻi ma o ka paipu a lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo (biopsy) a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa.
• ʻO ka Endoscopic Ultrasound: Ua like kēia me ka endoscopy, akā hoʻohana pū ia i kahi scanner ultrasound me kahi kāmela. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo pololei ʻana i ka hohonu o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i loko o ka paia o ka ʻōpū.
• Nā Hoʻāʻo Radiological:
• CT Scan: Hiki i kēia ke lawe i nā kiʻi ʻokiʻoki o ke kino e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ke kanesa a inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe.
• ʻAi ʻia ka Barium: Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, ale ʻia kahi wai i kapa ʻia ʻo barium. Ke hoʻopili ʻia kēia wai i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke lawe ʻia kahi X-ray e ʻike maopopo i ke ʻano a me nā ʻano ʻē o ka ʻōpū.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i kēia ke ʻike inā ua hoʻopilikia ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe, e like me ke akepaʻa, a inā paha he anemia.
• Laparoscopy: I kekahi mau hihia, inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā scan ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa, hana ʻia kēia ʻoki kino. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hana ʻia kekahi mau ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kāmela, a nānā pololei ʻia nā ʻōpū.

Inā hōʻoia kēia mau hoʻokolohua he maʻi kanesa, e hoʻoholo ke kauka i kona pae . Aia nā pae mai 0 a i IV (ʻehā). I ke pae mua (Pae 0), aia wale nō ke kanesa ma ka papa luna o ka paia o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke pae IV ke ʻano ua laha ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū mamao. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kēia pae.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū?

Aia ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau i ke kahua o ke kanesa, kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me kāu mau makemake. ʻO ka maʻamau, hana pū kahi oncologist a me kahi gastroenterologist e hoʻomohala i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu.

ʻoki kino

ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻōpū, ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i ke kanesa ma o ke ʻoki ʻana.

• Endoscopy: Inā aia ke kanesa i kona wā mua loa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka ʻili o ka paia o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia a wehe ʻia ka ʻāpana kanesa i ka wā o ka endoscopy.
• Ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa (Gastrectomy): Inā ua pālahalaha hohonu ke kanesa i loko o ka paia o ka ʻōpū, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū i loaʻa ke kanesa (subtotal gastrectomy) a i ʻole ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa (total gastrectomy). Inā wehe ʻia ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻopili pololei ke kauka ʻoki i kou esophagus i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.Mai hopohopo, ʻoiai inā ua wehe loa ʻia kou ʻōpū, hiki nō iā ʻoe ke ʻai maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi, pono ʻoe e ʻai liʻiliʻi i nā manawa he nui i ka lā.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hoʻohui ʻana a i ʻole me ke ʻoki ʻana.

• Chemotherapy: ʻO kēia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kino i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi ai i nā hunaola kanesa. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana, a i ʻole e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa i koe ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.
• Lapaʻau radiation: Pili kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā kukuna X) e luku i nā hunaola kanesa. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia me ka chemotherapy.
• Lapaʻau Lāʻau i Kūkuhi ʻia: Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau lāʻau a hoʻouka i nā nāwaliwali kikoʻī i nā hunaola kanesa me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā hunaola maʻamau.
• Immunotherapy: ʻO kēia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino ponoʻī e ʻike a luku i nā hunaola kanesa.
• Mālama Palliative: He mea kēia a ka poʻe he nui e kuhihewa nei. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama palliative i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana. He lawelawe lapaʻau kūikawā ia i hāʻawi ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola o ka mea maʻi ma o ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻoluʻolu ʻole e like me ka ʻeha, ka nausea, a me ka nalowale o ka makemake i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi kanesa.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpū? Pehea e hiki ai ke pale ʻia?

ʻAe, hiki nō! Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ke kanesa ʻōpū inā ʻike mua ʻia . ʻO ia ke kumu a mākou e ʻōlelo nei, mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻoi aku o ka holomua o ke kanesa, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e loaʻa ka ʻike pololei loa e pili ana i kou kūlana.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi kanesa 100%, nui nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia.

• E mālama i ka maʻi H. pylori: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka gastritis, e noi i kāu kauka e hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe no ka maʻi H. pylori. Inā pēlā, e mālama i ka maʻi me nā antibiotics kūpono.
• He ʻai olakino:
• E hoʻokomo i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu hou i kāu papaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā. He mea maikaʻi loa nā ʻalani, nā huaʻai pomelo, a me nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, i waiwai i ka wikamina C.
• E hōʻemi i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai paʻakai, ʻaila, mālama ʻia, meaʻai puhi ʻia (e like me nā sausage, bacon) a me ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula (pipi, puaʻa).
• E hoʻōki loa i ka puhipaka: Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki i kēia lā. ʻO ia ke kōkua nui loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino: E ho'āʻo e mālama i ke kaumaha olakino no kou kiʻekiʻe. He mea nui loa ka hoʻoikaika kino mau.